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A+ Sections 1-27 1011 > Section 6 - BIOS/UEFI > Flashcards

Section 6 - BIOS/UEFI Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Explain Basic Input/Output System (BIOS)

A

Program that a CPU uses to start the computer system, supports solely 32 bit CPUs

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2
Q

What does the BIOS serve as

A

Serves as a method of configuring the motherboard using a text-based interface

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3
Q

What is Firmware

A

Software on a chip and contains BIOS program code in a the flash memory of a motherboard

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4
Q

User Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) supports what bit cpus and what interface

A

Supports 64-bit processors and provides a GUI

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5
Q

What is BIOS an example of

A

Firmware

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6
Q

What is Read-only memory (ROM)

A

Type of chip embedded in the motherboard and can be upgraded through flashing

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7
Q

What does the CMOS use

A

internal lithium-ion battery that can last up to 10 years model: CR2032 3V

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8
Q

What is Power-On Self-Test (POST)

A

Diagnostic testing sequence to check the computer’s basic input/output system

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9
Q

What do variable beeps tell us

A

what is wrong with the system

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10
Q

What do 2 short beeps and 1 long refer to

A

Keyboard is not detected

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11
Q

What is the BIOS and what does it allow for

A

low level OS which allows input and gives output to basic components

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12
Q

How do you configure the settings inside CMOS

A

Enter the bios config environment

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13
Q

What did BIOS rely on as its system of input

A

Text based menu system and a keyboard

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14
Q

What are the BIOS’ 3 jobs

A

Power-on Self-Test, Hardware config, Boot order setup

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15
Q

Where are the BIOS settings stored

A

in the CMOS battery

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16
Q

UEFI vs BIOS, system bit

A

BIOS only support 32 bit whereas UEFI goes up to 64

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17
Q

UEFI vs BIOS, storage size

A

BIOS up to 2.2T, UEFI up to 9.4 Zettabytes

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18
Q

BIOS vs EUFI, storage device partition table

A

BIOS uses a MBR (master boot record) however UEFI uses GPT(GUID Partition Table) which allows for larger disks

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19
Q

What does the Storage Device Partition Table tell us

A

how the things are stored on given drive

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20
Q

UEFI vs BIOS, boot up speed

A

UEFI just boots up faster

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21
Q

UEFI vs BIOS, ROM size

A

UEFI uses a larger rom size, allows for better diagnostic tools and commands

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22
Q

In corporate environments what is considered best practice for safety in regards to storage

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A

Disabling booting from an optical or USB drive, instead configuring the system to boot from specific installed hard drive that contains the OS

23
Q

What is an alternative to booting OS

24
Q

What is PXE (preboot execution environment)

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A

client-server interface that allows computers in a network to be booted from the server

25
What process is used to update the BIOS/UEFI
Flashing
26
What are the 3 things flashing is used for?
Performing during upgrades, security fixes, or feature improvements
27
What are the steps to flashing
Back up configuration and information (saving to separate USB), Use a USB flash drive to flash the firmware, The BIOS or UEFI will copy the firmware to the system and overwrite the old code
28
What are the BIOS and UEFI used for
The loading and booting up of the OS
29
What does BIOS use to hold the boot information, what bit
MBR, 32bit
30
What does UEFI use to hold boot information and what bit
GPT, 64/32bit
31
What's a booting advantage of UEFI over BIOS
Provides additional security and integrity checks during boot, including secure boot
32
What are the Supervisor/Admin/Setup Passwords used for
Protect access to the BIOS or UEFI config program and prevents access from unauthorised users
33
What are the User/System password used for
Lock access to the computer
34
What are Storage/Hard Drive passwords used for
Locking access to a hard drive connected to the system and requires the end user's password
35
where is secure boot found
enabled in the UEFI & BIOS interface and settings
36
What is a root kit
A special type of malware
37
What do we need to disable on USBs
Ability to read and write from mass storage devices + external OS booting
38
What can we do for security of our PC
Set passwords, Enable secure boot, Restrict or disable USB ports
39
What is Hardware Root of Trust (Summary)
The foundation of all secure operations of a computing system
40
Explain Hardware RoT (process)
Cryptographic module embedded in a computer system that endorses trusted execution and attests to boot setting and metrics
41
What is a Hardware RoT used for
scanning the boot metrics in the OS files to verify signatures and then use them to sign the report
42
What is the name of the most commonly used RoT
Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
43
What can TPM be used for
Encryption for our storage devices
44
How can TPM be managed
via console, tpm.msc
45
Name another RoT besides TPM
Hardware Security Module (HSM)
46
What is HSM
Appliance for generating and storing cryptographic keys that is less susceptible to tampering and insider threats
47
In terms of heat management what can BIOS and UEFI do
have the ability to configure fans
48
What fan modes are there for BIOS/UEFI
Quiet, balanced, cool mode
49
Explain Quiet mode
Reduced fans speed and allows higher temps, can be dangerous
50
Explain balanced mode
Normal settings on most computers by default
51
Explain cool mode
Able to run the fans harder and faster to create more air flow
52
What does fanless mode do
telling the motherboard to tuns the fans off, will be used for liquid cooling
53
What does custom mode do
Outside of the 3 (quiet,balanced,cool) , customisable
54
What does the motherboard have for temperature
Temperature sensors

A+ Sections 1-27 1011 (27 decks)

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