Sedative Hypnotic Drug

Question 1

Major excitatory neurotransmitters

Answer 1

Glutamic acid

Aspartic acid

Question 2

MOA of benzodiazepines

Answer 2

Binds GABA-alpha receptor subunits to increase FREQUENCY of chloride channel opening
Membrane hyperpolarization

Question 3

Short acting benzodiazepines

Answer 3

Midazolam
Brotizolam
Triazolam
Oxazepam
Etizolam

Question 4

Intermediate acting benzodiazepines

Answer 4

Lorazepam 
Alprazolam
Clonazepam
Estazolam
Lormetazepam
Nitrazepam
Temazepam

Question 5

Long acting benzodiazepines

Answer 5

Diazepam
Flunetrazepam
Chlordiazepoxide
Chlorazepate

Question 6

Benzodiazepine with longest half life

Answer 6

Chlordiazepoxide. 36-200 hours

Question 7

Date rape drugs

Answer 7

Alcohol (most common)
Flunitrazepam (rohypnol)
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate

Question 8

Anticonvulsant maintenance

Answer 8

Clonazepam

Question 9

Status epilepticus

Answer 9

Lorazepam

Diazepam

Question 10

Skeletal muscle relaxation

Answer 10

Diazepam

Question 11

Panic disorders, phobias

Answer 11

Alprazolam

Clonazepam

Question 12

Insomnia

Answer 12

Estazolam
Flurazepam
Triazolam

Question 13

Anesthesia induction

Answer 13

Midazolam

Diazepam

Question 14

Bipolar disorder

Answer 14

Clonazepam

Question 15

Alcohol withdrawal

Answer 15

Chlordiazepoxide

Diazepam

Question 16

Tx for benzodiazepine overdose

Answer 16

Flumazenil

Activated charcoal is useless

Question 17

Benzodiazepine antagonist

Answer 17

Flumazenil

Question 18

Ultra Short acting barbiturates

Answer 18

Thiopental
Methohexital
Thiamylal

Question 19

Short and intermediate acting barbiturates

Answer 19

Pentobarbital
Secobarbital
Amobarbital

Question 20

Long acting barbiturates

Answer 20

Phenobarbital
Mephobarbital
Primidone

Question 21

MOA of barbiturates

Answer 21

Bind to GABA-alpha receptor sites, increases DURATION of chloride channel opening

Question 22

Barbiturate used in treatment of Gilbert’s syndrome (hyperbilirubenemias)

Answer 22

Phenobarbital

Question 23

MOA and use of Zolpidem

Answer 23

Bind selectively to a subgroup of GABA-alpha receptors, use for insomnia only
Similar drugs are Zaleplon and Eszopiclone

Question 24

Drug for generalized anxiety disorder

Answer 24

Buspirone

Question 25

Major inhibitory neurotransmitters

Answer 25

GABA | Glycine

Question 26

Capacity of alcohol metabolism per hour

Answer 26

7-10 g

Question 27

Responsible for metabolism of ethanol at blood levels higher than 100 mg/dl

Answer 27

Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system

Question 28

Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase

Answer 28

Disulfiram Metronidazole Oral hypoglycemics Some cephalosporins

Question 29

Blood alcohol concentration with impairment of driving ability

Answer 29

60-80 mg/dl, 60 is legally drunk in PH

Question 30

Blood alcohol concentration producing coma

Answer 30

300-400 | Death at >500 mg/dl

Question 31

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Answer 31

Ataxia Confusion Ophthalmoplegia-paralysis of EOM Thiamine administration is used to treat

Question 32

Delirium tremens

Answer 32

``` HAD 48 Hallucinations Autonomic instability Delirium 48-72 hours post-discontinuation ```

Question 33

DOC for alcohol withdrawal syndrome

Answer 33

Long acting benzodiazepines Diazepam Chlordiazepoxide Short acting is preferred in patients with compromised liver function

Question 34

Used in treatment of alcoholism

Answer 34

Naltrexone Acamprosate Disulfiram

Question 35

Treatment of methanol poisoning

Answer 35

Ethanol | Fomepizole

Question 36

Inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase

Answer 36

Fomepizole | Used in methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning