Seizure Ppt

Question 1

Risk factors for seizures

Answer 1

High fever, ICP, electrolyte imbalances (hypo)

Question 2

Tonic clonic seizure

Answer 2

Eyes roll upward, loss of consciousness, apnea leading to cyanosis
Tonic contractions of the entire body
Foaming of the mouth
May become incontinent

Question 3

Postictal phase

Answer 3

Arouses with difficulty
Confusion for several hours
Impairment of fine motor movements
Lack coordination
No recollection of seizure

Question 4

Infantile spasms (up to 8months)

Answer 4

Possible giggles or cry before or after seizure
Flexed head, extended arms with legs drawn up
Sudden, symmetric muscle contractions

Question 5

Pharmacological measures for seizures

Answer 5

Diazepam, Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Valproic acid, Fospheytoin sodium.
All weight based and depend on type of seizure
Gradually increase dose until controlled

Question 6

Phenytoin nursing considerations

Answer 6

Shake oral suspension before measuring dose
Give with meals to minimize GI distress
Avoid rapid IV injection (can cause cardiac arrest, hypotension, CNS depression)

Question 7

Status epilepticus

Answer 7

Lasts longer than 30 minutes or continuous seizure activity
Acute and emergent
Maintain airway, give O2, IV access, perform ECG, monitor pulse ox, ABG results