Seizures

Question 1

Seizures definition

Answer 1

Sudden surge of uncontrolled electrical activity in any area of the brain

Causing physical manifestations such as convulsions, thought/sensory disturbances, or loss of consciousness

A disruption in the normal electrical communication between neurons

Question 2

Seizure patho

Answer 2

Direct result if brief disturbance in electromechanical in brain resulting in

• uncontrolled/abnormal depolarisation of neurons
• increased membrane permeability allows sodium and potassium to diffuse across membrane
• imbalance between excitation and inhibition

Question 3

Side effects of seizures

Answer 3

^oxy by 60%
^ glucose by 250%
^ ATP consumption by 250%

Question 4

What are the 4 main associations to seizures

Answer 4

Cerebral lesions
Biochemical disorders
Cerebral trauma
Epilepsy

Question 5

Describe

Epileptic vs non epileptic

Answer 5

Epileptic- recurrent unprovoked seizures

Non epileptic - isolated, non recurrent

Question 6

Define epilepsy

Answer 6

Disorder of the brain function compromising of recurrent convulsive or non convulsive

• chronic abnormality if cerebral cortex

Question 7

AEIOU TIPS

Answer 7

Alcohol , anoxia 
Environment, epilepsy 
Insulin
Overdose/ underdose 
Uraemia 
Trauma/toxins/ tumour 
Infection 
Poisons/psychiatric 
Stroke

Question 8

Tonic

Answer 8

Muscle stiffening - rigidity

Question 9

Clonic

Answer 9

Repetitive rhythmic jerking movement

Question 10

Status epilepticus

Answer 10

Seizure lasting longer than 30min

2 or more seizure without patient gaining consciousness in between