Sem 1- 6 week (1) Flashcards by celine obeid

Long hair should be tied back when working in a lab because

a) it is in style
b) it could catch on fire
c) It looks neater
d) you will stay cooler

b) it could catch on fire

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The proper method for making an acid solution is

a) to slowly add acid to water
b) to slowly add water to acid
c) to use a large bottle of acid
d) to add equal parts of acid and water at the same time

a) to slowly add acid to water

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When heating chemicals, remember to do all of the following EXCEPT:

a) point the mouth of the container away from people
b) roll up long sleeves
c) tie long hair back
d) seal the container

d) seal the container

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Which of the following is NOT a good lab practice?

a) clean up work area during and after lab procedure
b) read and understand the lab prcedures before beginning the lab
c) once heated, leave chemicals to go to the restroom
d) wear goggles at all times during the experiment

c) once heated, leave chemicals to go to the restroom

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All equipment for an experiment should be:

a) placed as far away from the edge as conveniently possible
b) placed on top of books or other personal items to conserve space
c) placed near the edge of the work space so you may reach it easily
d) lefft out for someone else to clean

a) placed as far away from the edge as conveniently possible

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When handling hot containers, you must use caution because:

a) you will have to pay for anything that breaks
b) hot glass and cold glass look the same
c) hot containers will scorch the countertops
d) chemicals may explode

b) hot glass and cold glass look the same

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All of the following are good lab techniques EXCEPT:

a) when noting the odor of a chemical, waft the vapors towards the nose
b) label all containers before filling them with a solution or solid
c) when inserting glass tubing into a rubber stopper, lubricate the tubing first
d) pour all chemicals down the drain

d) pour all chemicals down the drain

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Which of the following would be a plausible next move if a scientist’s repeated experiments did not support his hypothesis?

a) Tamper with the experimental results so that the hypothesis was supported.
b) Change the scientific hypothesis into a theory.
c) Change the hypothesis and conduct a new experiment
d) Keep repeating the experiment until the hypothesis is supported.

c) Change the hypothesis and conduct a new experiment

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Why can a scientific hypothesis never be completely proven true?

a) A scientific hypothesis is inaccurate.
b) Supporting evidence is difficult to find.
c) New evidence might become available that contradicts a scientific hypothesis.
d) It is impossible to design an experiment that can directly test a scientific hypothesis.

c) New evidence might become available that contradicts a scientific hypothesis.

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Which best defines a scientific theory?

a) a well-established, highly-reliable explanation of a natural event.
b) a preliminary guess or idea about an event in nature
c) a true statement about an event in nature
d) a well-established principle that does not include and explanation

a) a well-established, highly-reliable explanation of a natural event.

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When would an established scientific theory most likely be revised or replaced?

a) When one scientist argues against a theory
b) When general public opinion disagrees with the theory
c) When new information is gathered that does not support the current theory.
d) When the theory is promoted into a law.

c) When new information is gathered that does not support the current theory.

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Which of the following statements would be the hypothesis most easily tested?

a) All organisms are made of cells
b) Oak trees grow tallest between temperatures of 10 and 40 degrees Celcius.
c) An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone or an internal skeleton
d) If life were to exist on another planet, that life would also be composed of carbon compounds.

b) Oak trees grow tallest between temperatures of 10 and 40 degrees Celcius.

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Which of the following statements is the best definition of a scientific hypothesis?

a) a suspicion or hunch about an event in nature
b) a proposal that can be tested in an experiment
c) an idea or explanation that most people agree with
d) a well-supported explanation for a broad set of observations

b) a proposal that can be tested in an experiment

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Suppose you were to read about a scientific statement based on data from hundreds of years of research and observation that applies to a broad set of naturally occurring events. Would you consider it a hypothesis or a theory?

a) hypothesis
b) theory
c) both
d) neither

b) theory

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Which of these hypothesis would be most easily tested?

a) Green, healthy plants are the most attractive.
b) If the weather is cold, people feel more sick.
c) If acetic acid is added to a mold colony, the colony will be reduced in size.
d) Every plant cell has a cell wall, while every animal cell lacks a cell wall.

c) If acetic acid is added to a mold colony, the colony will be reduced in size.

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Which of the following does not represent a limitation of science?

a) Science cannot resolve questions of meaning.
b) Science cannot resolve questions of value.
c) Science cannot test observations about the natural world.
d) Science cannot prove a theory to be absolute truth.

c) Science cannot test observations about the natural world.

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Which of the following can science be used to investigate?

a) values
b) opinions
c) supernatural beings
d) nature

d) nature

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Which tool would be used to most accurately measure the volume for a liquid?
  a) Graduated cylinder 
  b) Beaker 
  c) Erlenmyer Flask 
  D) Cup

a) Graduated cylinder

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How many significant figures are in the following number: 0.0105
Designate which digits are significant by bolding them.

There are 3 significant digits

0.0(105)

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Which of the following units are not paired correctly?

a) Liter (L) - Mass
b) Newton (N) - Force
c) Pascal (P) - Pressure
d) Joule (J) - Work

a) Liter (L) - Mass

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Based on the given information, determine if the data are accurate and precise, given an actual true value of 10.9mL?
Trial A

Volume (mL)

11.0

10.9

11.1

10.8

Both accurate and precise
Accurare only
Precise only
Neither accurate nor precise

Both accurate and precise

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What is 0.80136 expressed with four significant figures?

801
8014
800
80136

0.8014

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What is the correct standard notation for 4.5 x 10-4?
  45,000 
  45 
  0.00045 
  0.000045

0.00045

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What type of change is boiling water?
  Physical 
  Static 
  Chemical 
  Nuclear

Physical

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``` The state of matter that has an indefinite volume, and is compressible is; Solid Liquid Gas Both Solid and Liquid ```

Gas

``` What type of change is photosynthesis? Physical Static Nuclear Chemical ```

Chemical

``` The air inside of a hot air balloon is heated. The balloon slowly expands until the entire balloon lifts off the ground. What type of change is this? Nuclear Physical Static Chemical ```

Physical

``` A specific property can only be tested by changing the molecular composition of a sample. What type of change is this? Physical Chemical Nuclear Static ```

Chemical

``` The state of matter that is incompressible with an indefinite shape is; Solid Liquid Gas Both Solid and Liquid ```

Liquid

Which of the following properties can be listed as a physical property? Reacting metal with acid Freezing point of water is 32° F Decomposition is rapid under gentle heat Rusting

Freezing point of water is 32° F

Pick the answer choices that best complete the following sentence A ____________ change is observed when a substance is modified, but the molecular composition remains consistent. This type of change helps identify _________ properties of that substance. physical, chemical chemical, physical physical, physical chemical, chemical

physical, physical

``` If the volume of a substance could be changed, and the molecules could be squished together, we would label this as; Definite, compressible Definite, incompressible Indefinite, compressible Indefinite, incompressible ```

Indefinite, compressible

``` What state of matter is incompressible, and has a definite shape? Solid Liquid Gas Both Solid and Gas ```

Solid

Goggles should be worn at all times when performing a lab. True False

True

When performing an experiment, is it ok to start mixing chemicals randomly to see what will happen? Please answer "yes" or "no". Yes No

In order to properly dilute a concentrated acid, you should always add _____ to ______, not the other way around.

When diluting an acid, or a strong chemical, you should always pour the acid into the water, not the other way around.

In order to properly test the odor of chemicals in the lab, you should use the technique known as ____________.

Never inhale a fume directly from its container. You should always waft fumes in your direction to investigate odor.

True or False: It is permissible to wear sandals in the lab area as long as you aren’t handling any glassware. True False

False

Which of the following would you use to rinse chemical spills from your clothing? a) fire blanket b) safety shower c) eyewash station d) first aid kit

b) safety shower

On a MSDS diamond, which of the following reactivity ratings would indicate a substance is unstable if heated? a) Blue Diamond 3 b) Red Diamond 2 c) Yellow Diamond 1 d) Any Diamond 0

c) Yellow Diamond 1

The MSDS is included with all chemical shipments and describes the safety precautions and proper disposal of the chemicals. MSDS stands for _________________.

MSDS stands for Material Safety Data Sheet.

Which of the following statements about science is true? - Science is a flexible pursuit of truth. - Science can answer almost any question imaginable. - Science follows rules and procedures to answer questions. - Science is a branch of philosophy interested in proving facts.

Science follows rules and procedures to answer questions.

Is the following statement true or false and why: the main goal of Science is to provide an understanding of the world that can be continuously refined and updated as we gain more knowledge. - True, because science can be refined or updated once a conclusion is made. - False, because science cannot be refined or updated once a conclusion is made. - True, because science seeks to find absolute truth. - False, because science seeks to find absolute truth.

True, because science can be refined or updated once a conclusion is made.

Science is based on observations that can be _____________.

tested

It takes _______ new experiment(s) to disprove a currently accepted theory.

One

Which of the following statements can science test? - Two story houses heat up faster in direct sunlight compared to one story houses. - Two story houses look better from the street than one story houses. - Two story houses tend to be haunted more often than one story houses. - Living in a two story house makes people feel taller than living in a one story house.

Two story houses heat up faster in direct sunlight compared to one story houses.

Which of the following is not a step in the scientific process? - Report the results - Make a product based on your conclusion - Formulate and Test the Hypothesis - Make an observation or question

Make a product based on your conclusion

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good hypothesis? - Specific - Testable - Realistic - True

True

What happens when a Scientist's original hypothesis is proved incorrect? - Theories or conclusions are amended to agree with new data. - Their experiments are thrown out and discredited. - The scientific community ignores all of their research. - The experiment that disproved the hypothesis is ignored and discredited.

Theories or conclusions are amended to agree with new data.

Which of the following is the primary characteristic that theories have that hypotheses do not? - They have been extensively tested and accepted. - They are questions or statements that are testable. - They are based on observations of the natural world. - They are predictions that can be used to form experiments.

They have been extensively tested and accepted.

True or False: A Theory can and should be modified many times as new information comes available. True False

True

Which would measure time with the most precision: a stopwatch measuring hundredths of a second or a wristwatch with a second hand? stopwatch wristwatch

stopwatch

True or False: A measurement cannot be both precise and accurrate. True False

False

In a lab experiment, you take measurements which are very close to one another. You would say you have __________ measurements.

Precise

A(n) ______________ measurement would be very close to the actual exact value of the measurement.

accurate

Which of the following is not a reason why units of measurement were standardized? - Units need to be Reliable - Units need to be Consistent - Units need to be Fair - Units need to be Experimental

Units need to be Experimental

The SI unit for length is _______ and for mass is______.

meters, kilograms

The best glassware to use for mixing, heating, or containing a solution would be a _________.

beaker

Subtract 134.87g from 214g and report with the correct number of significant figures.

Solve the following multiplication problem and report your answer using the correct number of significant figures. 147.8 x 23.2 x 7.926

27,200

How many significant figures are in the following number: 403.1 4 3 2

A positive exponent will shift the decimal to the ______ and a negative exponent will shift the decimal to the _____.

positive to the right, negative to the left

How would you record the following number in standard notation with only two significant figures: ________ 7.7847 x 104

78,000

How would you record the following number in standard notation with only two significant figures: ________ 7.4 x 10-2

0.074

``` How many pounds (lbs) are in 48oz? 2.0 lbs 3.0 lbs 4.0 lbs 4 lbs ```

3.0 lbs

``` CHALLENGE: How many years old are you if you have lived one billion seconds? (a billion = 1,000,000,000). Please record your answer to two significant figures. 0.32 years 320 years 3.2 years 32 years ```

32 years

Is filling up a balloon a physical or chemical change? Physical Chemical

Physical

A plant turns CO2 and H2O into sugar and O2 during photosynthesis. Is this a physical or a chemical change? Physical Chemical

Chemical

The volume of a gas decreases when temperature decreases. Is this a physical or a chemical change? Physical Chemical

Physical

Is rusting a physical or chemical property? Physical Chemical

Chemical

Is texture a physical or chemical property? Physical Chemical

Physical

``` What type of change is blowing up a balloon? Physical Chemical Nuclear Static ```

Physical

``` Which of the following properties can be listed as a chemical property? Texture Freezing Water Cutting Paper Rusting ```

Rusting

``` A specific property can be tested without changing the molecular composition of a sample. What type of change is this? Physical Nuclear Static Chemical ```

Physical

``` A penny is heated on a stove, and then placed into a beaker of water, resulting in the water increasing in temperature. What type of process is this? Static Physical Chemical Nuclear ```

Physical

``` What type of change is freezing point? Static Nuclear Physical Chemical ```

Physical

Liquids are compressible. True False

False

Gases have a higher compressibility than liquids? True False

True

``` Which state of matter has an indefinite shape, and is incompressible? Liquids None of the above Solids Gases ```

Liquids

``` Which state of matter is both compressible, and has an indefinite shape? Gases None of the above Solid Liquids ```

Gases

Which of the following is true regarding liquids? - Liquids have a definite shape - Liquids have a higher compressibility than gas - Liquid molecules move less than solid molecules - Liquids have indefinite shapes, but are still incompressible

Liquids have indefinite shapes, but are still incompressible

``` Which characteristic matches with solids Definite volume Indefinite shape Compressible None of the above ```

Definite volume

``` Which state of matter is incompressible and has an indefinite shape? Solids Liquids Gases None of the above ```

Liquids

A solid can change its volume? True False

False

Gases can change their volume based on various pressures? True False

True

Solids have a __________ volume, ______________ shape, and are _____________. - Definite, definite, incompressible - Definite, indefinite, incompressible - Indefinite, definite, compressible - Definite, indefinite, compressible

Definite, definite, incompressible

Is melting point an intensive or extensive property? Intensive Extensive

Intensive

Is mass an intensive or extensive property? Intensive Extensive

Extensive

Is color an intensive or extensive property? Intensive Extensive

Intensive

Is volume an intensive or extensive property? Intensive Extensive

Extensive

Is freezing point an intensive or extensive property? Intensive Extensive

Intensive

A sample of Carbon tetrahydride (CH4), is observed by a chemist, and possesses the following properties: Sample contains 12.6 grams, occupies 2.30 Liters of gas, is colorless, odorless, flammable at 60.0 °C, melting point is -15.0 °C, freezing point is -55.0 °C. Is 12.6 grams an extensive or intensive property? Extensive Intensive

Extensive

A sample of Carbon tetrahydride (CH4), is observed by a chemist, and possesses the following properties: Sample contains 12.6 grams, occupies 2.30 Liters of gas, is colorless, odorless, flammable at 60.0 °C, melting point is -15.0 °C, freezing point is -55.0 °C. Is a melting point of -15.0 °C an extensive or intensive property? Extensive Intensive

Intensive

A sample of Carbon tetrahydride (CH4), is observed by a chemist, and possesses the following properties: Sample contains 12.6 grams, occupies 2.30 Liters of gas, is colorless, odorless, flammable at 60.0 °C, melting point is -15.0 °C, freezing point is -55.0 °C. Is 2.30 Liters of gas an extensive or intensive property? Extensive Intensive

Extensive

A sample of Carbon tetrahydride (CH4), is observed by a chemist, and possesses the following properties: Sample contains 12.6 grams, occupies 2.30 Liters of gas, is colorless, odorless, flammable at 60.0 °C, melting point is -15.0 °C, freezing point is -55.0 °C. The substance is colorless, is this an extensive or intensive property? Extensive Intensive

Intensive

A sample of Carbon tetrahydride (CH4), is observed by a chemist, and possesses the following properties: Sample contains 12.6 grams, occupies 2.30 Liters of gas, is colorless, odorless, flammable at 60.0 °C, melting point is -15.0 °C, freezing point is -55.0 °C. The freezing point is -55 °C. Is this an extensive or intensive property? Extensive Intensive

Intensive

``` Mass is what type of property? Extensive Intensive Nuclear Static ```

Extensive

``` Boiling Point is what type of property? Extensive Intensive Nuclear Static ```

Intensive

``` Volume is what type of property? Extensive Intensive Nuclear Static ```

Extensive

``` Density is what type of property? Extensive Intensive Nuclear Static ```

Intensive

``` Freezing point is what type of property? Extensive Intensive Nuclear Static ```

Intensive

``` A sample of matter is both incompressible, and has a definite shape. This sample could be which of the following states of matter. Solid Liquid Gas Solid and Liquid ```

Solid

The compressibility of liquids are; - Greater than solids, but less than gases - Greater than solids, and greater than gases - The same as solids, and less than gases - The same as solids, and greater than gases

The same as solids, and less than gases

``` If a property of matter must go through a physical change in order to test it, we would call that a _____________ property. Physical Chemical Nuclear Static ```

Physical

``` The following observations were all made of an unknown substance in a laboratory. Which of these is a physical property? Non-reactive with water Ability to burn Reactivty with acid Density of the substance is 1.75 g/mL ```

Density of the substance is 1.75 g/mL

``` ____________ changes involve changing the molecules of a sample to test chemical properties. Static Nuclear Chemical Physical ```

Chemical

``` The brass inside of musical instruments is made up of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) atoms that do not share or transfer electrons. Brass can be labelled as a(n); Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture ```

Homogeneous Mixture

``` Muddy water can be labelled as a(n); Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture ```

Heterogeneous Mixture

``` A pack of wolves can be labelled as a(n); Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture ```

Heterogeneous Mixture

``` Pure H2O can be labelled as a(n); Element Compound Homogeneous MIxture Heterogeneous Mixture ```

Compound

``` A strand of copper wire can be labelled as a(n); Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture ```

Element

Read the following and then answer the questions that follow. “Substance A” is a dark red powder that appears constant throughout. It has a melting point of 112 °C, and it starts to burn at 250 °C. When added to water, the water turns orange and a black powder collects at the bottom of the beaker. When filtered, the black powder can be separated out. When the water is evaporated, an orange powder is left behind. The orange powder can’t be chemically or physically separated any further, but applying large amounts of heat to the black powder causes it to separate into a toxic gas and a silver metal. The fact that the dark red powder can burn is a: Physical Property Chemical Property Nuclear Property Static Property

Chemical Property

Read the following and then answer the questions that follow. “Substance A” is a dark red powder that appears constant throughout. It has a melting point of 112 °C, and it starts to burn at 250 °C. When added to water, the water turns orange and a black powder collects at the bottom of the beaker. When filtered, the black powder can be separated out. When the water is evaporated, an orange powder is left behind. The orange powder can’t be chemically or physically separated any further, but applying large amounts of heat to the black powder causes it to separate into a toxic gas and a silver metal. The orange powder is a: ``` Element Compound Mixture There is not enough information to define the orange powder ```

Element

Read the following and then answer the questions that follow. “Substance A” is a dark red powder that appears constant throughout. It has a melting point of 112 °C, and it starts to burn at 250 °C. When added to water, the water turns orange and a black powder collects at the bottom of the beaker. When filtered, the black powder can be separated out. When the water is evaporated, an orange powder is left behind. The orange powder can’t be chemically or physically separated any further, but applying large amounts of heat to the black powder causes it to separate into a toxic gas and a silver metal. The black powder is a: ``` Element Compound Mixture There is not enough information to define the black powder ```

Compound

Read the following and then answer the questions that follow. “Substance A” is a dark red powder that appears constant throughout. It has a melting point of 112 °C, and it starts to burn at 250 °C. When added to water, the water turns orange and a black powder collects at the bottom of the beaker. When filtered, the black powder can be separated out. When the water is evaporated, an orange powder is left behind. The orange powder can’t be chemically or physically separated any further, but applying large amounts of heat to the black powder causes it to separate into a toxic gas and a silver metal. The melting point of the dark red powder is a: Static Property Nuclear Property Physical Property Chemical Property

Physical Property

Read the following and then answer the questions that follow. “Substance A” is a dark red powder that appears constant throughout. It has a melting point of 112 °C, and it starts to burn at 250 °C. When added to water, the water turns orange and a black powder collects at the bottom of the beaker. When filtered, the black powder can be separated out. When the water is evaporated, an orange powder is left behind. The orange powder can’t be chemically or physically separated any further, but applying large amounts of heat to the black powder causes it to separate into a toxic gas and a silver metal. The dark red powder is a: ``` Element Compound Mixture There is not enough information to define the dark red powder ```

Mixture

An ink spot does not travel up filter paper when exposed to ANY liquid. The ink does not dissolve in any liquid, and separate into different colors. Upon exposure to heat, the ink separates into the color red, blue, and yellow. Based on this information, we know that this specific ink sample must be a _______, because it went separated when going through a __________ change. - mixture, physical - mixture, chemical - compound, physical - compound, chemical

compound, chemical

``` For a specific unknown sample of matter, the molecules are; moving fast, compressible, and can change their shape. Which of the following examples of matter is the identity of the unknown sample of matter? Frozen ice cube Gaseous Air Solid baking soda Warm liquid water ```

Gaseous Air

``` Ability to burn is a ___________ property that can be tested using a __________ change. chemical, chemical chemical, physical physical, physical physical, chemical ```

chemical, chemical

Ripping paper in half is a chemical change. True False

False

Combining Vinegar and Baking soda causing bubbling and fizzing is a chemical change. True False

True

``` A property of matter must change the identity of the molecules in the substance in order to observe the property. We would classify this as a ________ property of matter? Physical Chemical Nuclear Static ```

Chemical

Which of the following states of matter, are correctly paired with its characteristics? -Solid: Compressible, definite volume, definite shape -Liquid: Compressible, definite volume, indefinite shape -Gas: Compressible, indefinite volume, indefinite shape -Liquid: Incompressible, indefinite volume, indefinite shape

Gas: Compressible, indefinite volume, indefinite shape

``` Mass of a substance is a (n) __________ property. Extensive Intensive Nuclear Chemical ```

Extensive

``` A chemist observes that 65.0 mL of water appears to be completely colorless and transparent. That chemist then completely mixes 8.00 grams of Calcium carbonate (chalk) into the distilled water. The chemist observes that the chalk does not dissolve into the water and instead slowly settles to the bottom. We would classify this combination of substances as a(n) – Element Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture Compound ```

Heterogeneous Mixture

Which of the following is an example of a physical change? -A flower producing oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water. -Burning a piece of firewood -A rotting apple lying on the ground -Cutting a piece of paper in half using scissors

Cutting a piece of paper in half using scissors

Density of a substance is an ________ property, because _________. - Extensive property; density changes when more substance is added - Intensive property; density changes when more substance is added - Extensive property; density does not change when more substance is added - Intensive property; density does not change when more substance is added

Intensive property; density does not change when more substance is added

The compressibility of solids is; - Lower than the compressibility of gases - Lower than the compressibility of liquids - Higher than the compressibility of liquids - Higher than the compressibility of gases

Lower than the compressibility of gases

Sodium Bicarbonate is often referred to as baking soda. It has a chemical formula of NaHCO3. Which of the following statements correctly describes why baking soda is considered to be a compound? - Baking soda molecules are different from each other - Baking soda can be broken down into other substances by chemical means - Baking soda molecules cannot be separated by any means, chemical or physical - Baking soda can be broken down into its separate molecules using physical changes

Baking soda can be broken down into other substances by chemical means

``` A sample of hydrogen gas has a volume of 18.3 mL. This volume decreases to 15.3 mL when the temperature of that gas decreases. This type of change can be labelled as _______. Static Chemical Nuclear Physical ```

Physical

The following observations were taken regarding a sample of matter. What is the state of matter for this sample? Sample’s volume changes from 10.4 L, to 0.59 L Shape of sample of matter depends on the container it is in. Liquid Solid Gas There is not enough information to answer the question

Gas

Sem 1- 6 week (1) Flashcards

(131 cards)