Separation

Question 1

Non RVSM separation

Answer 1

1000ft below FL290

2000ft above FL290

Question 2

RVSM separation

Answer 2

1000ft below FL410

2000ft above FL410

Question 3

When can climb or descent separation be maintained visually

Answer 3

Requested by pilot = agreed by second pilot

Classes D / E only

Vmc
Day
Below 10,000ft

Question 4

What is lateral separation based on

Answer 4

Depends on nav air ac has passed

VOR = divergence 15° at 15nm
NDB = 30° at 15nm 
DR = 45° at 15nm

Question 5

What is same track

Answer 5

Converge by angular difference less than 45°

Question 6

What is reciprocal track

Answer 6

Tracks converge / diverge more than 135° but less than 225°

Question 7

What is crossing track

Answer 7

Intersect at angles of 45° to 135°

Or

225° to 315°

Question 8

Longitudinal time based separation same track

Answer 8

15 mins = standard / min

10 mins = if lots of nav aids

5 mins = first aircraft has 20 knots faster (if passed over same fix)

3mins = same as above except 40kts

Question 9

Longitudinal separation = time based = crossing track

Answer 9

15 mins = normal / standard

10mins = lord of nav aids

Question 10

Longitudinal separation time based climbing or descending same track

Answer 10

15 mins standard / min

10 mins = if lots of nav aids

5 mins = if within 10 mins of 2nd ac being over a reporting point

Question 11

Longitudinal separation time based reciprocal tracks climbing / descending

Answer 11

Can’t climb or descend of within 10 mins of passing point

= 20 mins of each other

Question 12

Longitudinal separation distance based DME same track / crossing tracks

Answer 12

20nm = standard / min

10 nm = reduced if 1st ac >20kts faster

Question 13

Distances based separation climbing or descending

Answer 13

10 nm = standard / min

Question 14

Distances based separation DME reciprocal track

Answer 14

Passed by 10nm

Question 15

Longitudinal separation Mach number

Answer 15

0 Mach difference = 10 mins

All the rest add up to 11

0.01 difference = 10 min separation

Question 16

RNAV separation

Answer 16

150kms (80nm)

Except

RNP 10 = 50 nm

RNP 20 = 80nm

Question 17

Radar based separation

Answer 17

5nm = standard / min

3 nm = when radar permits

2.5nm when both on same localiser + within 10nm I’d threshold

2nm = mode 2 parallel runway ops and ac on adjacent localisers after final app fix

Question 18

What is a heavy aircraft

Answer 18

> 136,000kg

Question 19

What is a medium aircraft

Answer 19

7000-136,000kg

Question 20

What is a light aircraft

Answer 20

<7000kg

Question 21

Separation for medium behind a heavy arriving

Answer 21

2 mins

Question 22

Separation for a light behind a medium or heavy arriving

Answer 22

3 mins

Question 23

Separation for a light / medium behind a heavy

Or light behind a medium

Departing

Answer 23

2 mins

For:
Using same runway
Parallel runway separated by <760m
Vertical separation <1000ft

Question 24

When is separation increases to 3mins for a light / medium behind a heavy (or L behind M) departing

Answer 24

From a intermediate part on same runway or an intermediate point on parallel runway

Question 25

What is the separation for displaced threshold

Answer 25

2 mins when L/M behind H L behind M

Question 26

Wake turbulence Separation for opposite direction

Answer 26

2 mins when: L/ M behind H L behind M Low missed approaches

Question 27

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind heavy

Answer 27

4nm

Question 28

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind medium

Answer 28

5 nm

Question 29

What is radar wake turbulence separation for heavy behind light

Answer 29

6nm

Question 30

What is radar wake turbulence separation for medium behind light

Answer 30

5 nm

Question 31

What is essential local traffic

Answer 31

Any a/c or vehicle or person which may constitute a collision or hazard to departing / arriving aircraft

Question 32

What is essential traffic

Answer 32

Controlled traffic to which ATC separation is applicable

Question 33

An aircraft will be cleared to take off when the preceding aircraft has

Answer 33

Passed upwind end of runway Or Made a turn away from runway

Question 34

What is separation between IFR traffic departing

Answer 34

5 mins = standard 2 mins = predefined aircraft has a flight plan speed of 40kts greater than succeeding aircraft 1 mins = tracks diverge by more than 45°

Question 35

When can a departing aircraft no longer depart in the opposite direction to arriving aircraft doing a straight in approach

Answer 35

When arriving aircraft within 5 mins of threshold

Question 36

When can departing aircraft no longer take off in opposite direction to arriving traffic

Answer 36

Arriving aircraft has started procedure turn

Question 37

When is a expected approach time usually given

Answer 37

Applicable to aircraft with 10 mins delay or more Must be given to aircraft with 30 mins delay or more No delay expected = delay up to 20mins Will be revised by 5 min intervals