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Health > Sexual Health > Flashcards

Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

Hormones

A

a product of living cells that circulates in body fluids (as blood) that stimulates other body cells to do something.

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2
Q

Thyroid gland

A

a large endocrine gland at the base of the neck of most vertebrates that produces iodine-containing hormones (as thyroxine) that affect growth, development, and metabolism – called also thyroid gland

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3
Q

Parathyroid gland

A

produces a hormone that controls the amount of calcium and phosphorus in blood.

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4
Q

Hypothalamus

A

produces hormones which pass to the front part of the pituitary gland, and is important in regulating the activities of the autonomic nervous system

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5
Q

Pineal gland

A

produces melatonin especially in response to darkness – called also pineal body

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6
Q

Melatonin

A

hormone that is secreted by the pineal gland especially in response to darkness and has been linked to the regulation of bodily functions or activities (as sleep) that occur in approximately 24 hour cycles

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7
Q

Pituitary gland

A

a small oval endocrine organ located at the base of the brain that produces various hormones that regulate especially growth and reproduction

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8
Q

Adrenal gland

A

either of a pair of endocrine glands that are located near the kidney and produce the hormone epinephrine

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9
Q

Epinephrine

A

a hormone of the adrenal gland acting especially on smooth muscle, causing narrowing of blood vessels, and raising blood pressure – called also adrenaline

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10
Q

Pancreas

A

a large gland of vertebrates that lies near the stomach and produces digestive enzymes and insulin

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11
Q

Insulin

A

a hormone that is produced by the pancreas and is necessary for the normal use of glucose by the body

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12
Q

Seminal vesicle

A

pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct

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13
Q

Prostate gland

A

an organ found in men and male animals that produces the liquid in which sperm is carried. This gland increases in size and can sometime develop cancer. Normal screening reduces cancer risks.

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14
Q

Cowper’s gland-

A

either of two small glands lying on either side of the male urethra below the prostate gland and discharging a secretion into the semen that neutralizes conditions inside urethra.

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15
Q

Vas deferens

A

a sperm-carrying duct in the male beginning at the epididymis and eventually joins the duct of the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct

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16
Q

Testis

A

male reproductive glands that produces sperm and secretes testosterone and is contained in the scrotum.

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17
Q

Epididymis

A

a system of ducts leading from the testis that holds sperm during maturation before uniting into the vas deferens

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18
Q

Testicular cancer

A

Cancer of the testicles usually occurring between ages 15-35

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19
Q

Ovaries

A

usually two organs in women and female animals that produce eggs and female hormones

20
Q

Ovum

A

a female egg cell

21
Q

Uterus

A

the organ in women in which babies develop before birth

22
Q

Monogamy

A

one mutually faithful sexual partner

23
Q

Vertical transmission (HIV)

A

spreading disease from mother to baby

24
Q

Ovulation-

A

one egg leaving a woman’s ovary once a month

25
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

either of the pair of tubes that carry the egg from the ovary to the uterus

26
Q

Endometrium

A

the mucous membrane lining the uterus

27
Q

Menstruation

A

a discharging of blood, secretions, and tissue debris from the uterus that occurs when a women’s egg is not fertilized. This occurs typically every 25-28 days.

28
Q

Cervix

A

the narrow end at the opening of a woman’s uterus

29
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

a serious illness that is caused by bacteria and occurs especially in women who use tampons

30
Q

Fertilization

A

union of egg and sperm

31
Q

Embryo

A

the developing human individual from the time of implantation to the end of the eighth week after conception

32
Q

Amniotic sac

A

a membrane forming a fluid-filled cavity (the amniotic sac) that encloses the embryo.

33
Q

Umbilical cord

A

a long, narrow tube that connects an unborn baby to the placenta of its mother

34
Q

Prenatal care

A

relating to pregnant women and their unborn babies

35
Q

Amniocentesis

A

a test of amniotic fluid to check the health of the baby before he/she is born

36
Q

Mammogram

A

a photograph of a woman’s breasts made by X-rays used to check for abnormally growing lumps

37
Q

Pandemic vs Epidemic

A

Pandemic is a world wide spread of a disease and epidemic is a regional outbreak of disease (upper Midwest influenza outbreak)

38
Q

Sterility

A

inability to conceive (males and females both)

39
Q

Progestin

A

synthetic progesterone that stops ovulation and increases cervical mucus

40
Q

Progesterone

A

female sex hormone that prepares the endometrium for implantation of the newly fertilized egg

41
Q

Estrogen

A

hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics and promote the growth and maintenance of the female reproductive system

42
Q

Oxytocin

A

Stimulates especially the contraction of uterine muscle and the secretion of milk

43
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

A

a hormone that stimulates the growth of the ovum-containing follicles in the ovary and that activates sperm-forming cell

44
Q

Human Chorionic Gonadotropic hormone

A

is a hormone produced by the cells that surround the growing human embryo; these cells will eventually go on to form the placenta.

45
Q

Endocrine glands

A

any of various glands that have no duct and pour their secretions directly into the lymph or blood circulating through them – called also ductless gland

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