six day war Flashcards
(29 cards)
Reason for creation of Fatah
Israel occupies the Gaza strip till March 1957, with no efforts by Arabs to stop it, and 1% of Gaza’s population killed, wounded, or imprisoned: need for independent movement
Created in 1957
Al-Asifa
Fatah’s military wing, established in 1965
Militant Ba’athists
Rise to power after coup in Syria in Feb 1966. There is more anti-Israel rhetoric from them, and they give more authority to fedayeen and have anti-Israel rhethoric
Sea of Galilee clash
August 1966: Syria and Egypt clash for 3 hours in Sea of Galilee
Mutual defense pacts leading up the 6 day war
November 1966: Egypt-Syria mutual defense pact
30 May 1967: Jordan-Egypt mutual defense pact
Attack on Samu
November 13 1966: IDF raids West Bank villages controlled by Jordan “to counter fedayeen operations”, killing 15 Arab legion soldiers and 3 Jordanians
Israel-Syria air battle
April 1967: Israel and Syria have an air battle where Syria loses 6 MiG airplanes.
Soviet intelligence report
13 May 1967: Soviet president Nikolai Podgorny tells Nasser’s aide Anwar Sadat that Israeli troops had mobilised to invade Syria, though this had not really happened
Egyptian troops enter Sinai
14 May 1967: Due to mutual defense pact, Nasser reacts to Soviet intelligence report by deploying troops in Sinai
UNEF withdrawal
May 1967: Nasser requests UNEF to withdraw from Sharm al Sheikh, where Egypt could close Straits of Tiran
Straits of Tiran closed
22 May 1967: Nasser closes Straits…
Perhaps this was to gain a political victory over Arabs who disliked that the Straits were opened?
Importance of Straits for Israel
It gives access to the Port of Eilat, which allowed Israel to get oil from Iran and trade with Asia… It is Israel’s only connection to the Red Sea
Attempts at negotiation
3 June 1967: Israel attempts to negotiate with Egypt’s VP to open the Straits, but hostile rhethoric leads to these talks breaking down
Reasons USSR may have given false report
- To take pressure off of Syria, believing Israel and Arabs would stop short of war?
- To create a war where Egypt could show off Soviet weapons
- To create conflict for the USA to weaken their position in Vietnam
Egyptian vs Israeli forces
80k Egyptian troops, 250k Israeli troops
5th June 1967
- Israel launches pre-emptive strike destroying 304 Egyptian and 53 Syrian aircraft
- IDF crosses into Sinai and West Bank
- Counterattacks by Syria, Jordan, Egypt
6th June 1967
Egypt army retreats from Sinai
7th June 1967
Israel wins battle on West Bank, capturing East Jerusalem, troops moving to Jordan river, Hussein agreeing to ceasefire
8th June 1967
Israel reaches Suez canal and Egypt agrees to a ceasefire
Loss of Egyptian soldiers
12,000
9th June 1967
Syria-Israel fighting starts after Israel defeats Jordan and Egypt
10th June 1967
All countries agree to ceasefire
Loss of Israeli soldiers
766
Israel territory gains, 6 day war
- Jordan’s West Bank
- Egypt’s Sinai and Gaza strip
- Syria’s Golan heights
