Small Parts Final

Question 1

Most common thyroid abnormality

Answer 1

goiter

Question 2

right and left loves of the thyroid are connected by the

Answer 2

isthmus

Question 3

where do each of the following structures lie in relation to the thyroid gland: strap muscles

Answer 3

anterior and lateral

Question 4

where do each of the following structures lie in relation to the thyroid gland: sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 4

anterior and lateral

Question 5

where do each of the following structures lie in relation to the thyroid gland: longus colli muscle

Answer 5

posterior and lateral

Question 6

What is the most common thyroid malignancy

Answer 6

papillary carcinoma

Question 7

autoimmune disorder of diffuse toxic goiter characterized by bulging eyes

Answer 7

graves disease

Question 8

the normal parathyroid glands should measure less than

Answer 8

4mm

Question 9

The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is

Answer 9

a parathyroid adenoma

Question 10

The common carotid artery and internal jugular vein are located

Answer 10

posterior and lateral in relation to the thyroid

Question 11

collection of fluid between the layers of the tunica vaginalis

Answer 11

hydrocele

Question 12

most common germ cell tumor and has the best prognosis of testicular malignancies

Answer 12

seminoma

Question 13

majority of undescended testicles are found where

Answer 13

inguinal canal

Question 14

refers to testicle that fails to descend in the scrotum from the pelvis

Answer 14

cryptorchidism

Question 15

Are the majority of intratesticular lesions benign or malignant

Answer 15

malignant

Question 16

form a fibrous skeleton within the breast

Answer 16

cooper’s ligaments

Question 17

most common solid, benign tumor of the breast

Answer 17

fibroadenoma

Question 18

which is more characteristic of a suspicious breast mass, posterior enhancement or a mass which is taller than it is wide

Answer 18

taller than wide

Question 19

the most common malignant neoplasm of the breast in a woman is

Answer 19

an invasive ductal carcinoma

Question 20

refers to a normal thyroid producing the correct amount of thyroid hormone

Answer 20

euthyroid

Question 21

thyroid hormone that is important for maintaining a dense, strong bone matrix by inhibiting calcium breakdown and regulating the blood calcium level

Answer 21

calcitonin

Question 22

hormones which are produced by the thyroid are also known as t3 and t4

Answer 22

thyroxine and triiodothyronine

Question 23

the approximate dimensions of the normal adult thyroid gland are

Answer 23

L: 4-6cm
W: 1.5-2cm
D:2-3cm (A/P)

Question 24

congenital anomaly that presents as a palpable mass in the midline of the neck anterior to the trachea

Answer 24

thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 25

cystic formation in the neck typically lateral to the thyroid gland. it is a remnant of embryonic development

Answer 25

branchial cleft cyst

Question 26

the average length of the testis

Answer 26

3-5cm

Question 27

The yolksac/germ cell tumor is associated with which increased lab value

Answer 27

alphafetoprotein

Question 28

most common cause of acute scrotal pain and tenderness

Answer 28

epididymitis

Question 29

most common cause of testicular torision

Answer 29

bell-clapper deformity

Question 30

abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus of veins, most common on the left side

Answer 30

varicocele

Question 31

most common cause of painless scrotal swelling

Answer 31

hydrocele

Question 32

storage sacs for sperm located near the base of the prostate gland

Answer 32

seminal vesicles

Question 33

what is the formula used to figure the volume of a prostate gland

Answer 33

L x W x H x .52 cubic centimeters

Question 34

what amount is considered normal PSA

Answer 34

less than 4.0

Question 35

Which is more suspicious for prostate cancer

Answer 35

increase since last week

Question 36

what is considered upper normal level for a PSA density

Answer 36

0.15

Question 37

what prostate zone does cancer occur in

Answer 37

peripheral zone

Question 38

majority of prostate cancer lesions have what echogenicity

Answer 38

hypoechoic

Question 39

fat within the breast tissue appears

Answer 39

hypoechoic

Question 40

majority of breast cancers begin in the

Answer 40

ducts

Question 41

the appearance and composition of breast tissue is affected by what factors

Answer 41

genetic makeup hormonal status body habitus age

Question 42

what are the sonographic characteristics used in determining a simple cyst lesion of the breast

Answer 42

anechoic posterior enhancement well defined borders good through transmission

Question 43

clinical findings of lumpy, painful, tender breasts that vary with monthly cycles usually represent what pathology

Answer 43

fibrocystic condition

Question 44

should the sonographer utilize single or multiple focal zones in order to better image the pylorus

Answer 44

multiple

Question 45

when imaging the transverse plane of the pylorus, the transducer will be turned in which plane

Answer 45

longitudinal

Question 46

thyroid transducer

Answer 46

linear

Question 47

thyroid frequency

Answer 47

at least 7.5-10MHz no harmonics

Question 48

thyroid patient position

Answer 48

supine

Question 49

aorta type of transducer

Answer 49

curved

Question 50

aorta frequency

Answer 50

2-5MHz

Question 51

aorta patient position

Answer 51

supine

Question 52

what transducer is used for the breast

Answer 52

linear

Question 53

what frequency is used for the breast

Answer 53

at least 7.5MHz (typically 10-15)

Question 54

3 reasons a breast ultrasound would be ordered

Answer 54

further characterization of mammographic masses evaluation of palpable breast lump pt with dense breasts

Question 55

name 2 mammographic standard views

Answer 55

cranio-caudal (CC) | medio-lateral oblique (MLO)

Question 56

scrotal transducer

Answer 56

linear

Question 57

scrotal frequency

Answer 57

at least 7.5 MHz

Question 58

gallbladder transducer

Answer 58

curved

Question 59

gallbladder frequency

Answer 59

2-5 MHz

Question 60

gallbladder patient position

Answer 60

supine LLD LAO

Question 61

what is the most frequent source of metastatic breast cancer to the breast

Answer 61

melenoma