Social 8 Chapter 4 Test Flashcards
(40 cards)
Before the Renaissance, what was knowledge of Astronomy, Physics, and Biology was based off of?
It was based off the research of Classical and Islamic Scholars
True or false: People were encouraged to ask questions, conduct research of their own, and experiment before the Renaissance
False
Who was in charge of education in the Middle Ages?
The Church
What is the scientific method?
Identify problem Gather info on problem Form a hypothesis Experiment Record data State conclusion Repeat
Did the scientific method become more or less used during the Renaissance?
More used. Especially by humanists
Who was Ptolemy?
A Greek Astronomer
What did Ptolemy say about the universe?
He suggested that the earth was the center of the universe and the sun revolved around it
What was Ptolemy’s idea of the universe called?
The geocentric model of the universe
Why did people believe earth was the center of the universe?
Because they believed that God placed it there
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?
A Polish Astronomer
What was Copernicus’ discovery and how did he make it?
He discovered that the sun is in the center of the universe. (heliocentric) He got ideas from not accepted ancient Greek astronomers
Who was Johannes Kepler?
A German mathematician and astronomer
What was Kepler’s discovery and how did he make it?
Kepler tried to combine Ptolemy and Copernicus’ systems. He discovered that planets travelled in an elliptical orbit around the sun
True or false: new theories of the universe that astronomers presented threatens their worldview
Yes
What did humanists think of astronomy?
Humanists believed that people had the power to better understand the world they live in (by knowing astronomy)
What did the church think of astronomy?
The church was unwilling to accept new ideas (of astronomy and wanted to keep on believing what it did)
What is heresy?
Opposing teachings of the church
What were the consequences of heresy?
Torture and being burnt alive
Why was Galileo charged with heresy?
His book claimed the sun was in the center of the universe and the earth revolved around it.
Before the Renaissance, what was medicine based on?
Medicine was based on astrology and superstition. Leeches were used for bloodletting
What was medicine like during the early Renaissance?
Herbal remedies/cures
How did knowledge in mainly anatomy and surgery grow?
Scientists used the scientific method to make discoveries about the human body and how it works
Who was Andreas Vesalius and what did he do?
An Italian anatomist, professor of University of Padua who dissected bodies in front of his students. He recorded his results in books with detailed drawings.
Why was dissection discouraged by the Church?
Christians believed in body resurrection. (harming the body wouldn’t be good)