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Academic Decathlon (WWII) > Social Science > Flashcards

Social Science Flashcards

1
Q

Which president ultimately decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan?

A

Harry Truman

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2
Q

Within 24 hours of the Pearl Harbor attack, Japan attacked this country with American military bases

A

Philippines

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3
Q

Who did Hitler appoint to command all Axis troops in their occupation of North Africa and the Mediterranean?

A

Albert Kesselring

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4
Q

After securing the island of Iwo Jima, American forces were now prepared to invade this island

A

Okinawa

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5
Q

The Works Progress Administration started under President

A

Roosevelt

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6
Q

Approximately how many years after the sinking of the USS Panay in China did Japan launch an attack on a naval base at Pearl Harbor?

A

Four

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7
Q

Which president signed an executive order establishing the Office of War Information?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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8
Q

Approximately how long after the start of the Allied forces’ invasion of Sicily was Benito Mussolini ousted as prime minister of Italy?

A

Two weeks

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9
Q

What is the name of the range of mountains that is situated between the borders of France and Spain?

A

Pyrenees

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10
Q

In 1945, scientists in America successfully test detonated the first atomic bomb in a place in New Mexico called

A

Alamogordo

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11
Q

The capital of Romania

A

Bucharest

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12
Q

The North African campaign was comprised of

A

Three phases

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13
Q

Civilian fear of being captured by American forces and policy for military servicemen led many Japanese to

A

Suicide

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14
Q

An investigation by this organization led Stalin to sever the relations between the Polish government-in-exile and the Soviet Union

A

International Red Cross

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15
Q

During the Tokyo War Crimes Trial, how many days did the defense of those accused of war crimes run?

A

255

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16
Q

Comprised mostly of women from this country, “comfort women” were women forced into prostitution for the use of imperial troops stationed throughout Asia

A

Korea

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17
Q

This was an American and British struggle against German forces to keep important shipping lanes open

A

Battle of the Atlantic

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18
Q

As a result of the Holocaust, the United Nations adopted the

A

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

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19
Q

The city of Hiroshima is part of which island chain?

A

Honshu

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20
Q

special SS paramilitary units, performed cleaning up operations in the rearguard following invasion of Poland (1939) and Soviet Union (1941); largely responsible for mass killing of Jews and other ethnic minorities

A

Einsatzgruppen

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21
Q

in Belgium, central battleground between German and American forces during the Battle of the Bulge

A

Bastogne

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22
Q

public non-aggression pact between Germany/Soviet Union, Aug 23, 1939

A

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

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23
Q

originally built in 1940 to hold Polish prisoners, because the largest extermination camp, 1.1 million people died

A

Auschwitz-Birkenau

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24
Q

1933 amendment to Weimar Constitution, granted Hitler as chancellor the power to enact laws without the German Parliament or Reichstag

A

Enabling Act

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25
Q

agreement between American and British military/gov. March 29, 1941, that defeating Nazi Germany has to have the highest priority in the war

A

Europe First Strategy

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26
Q

radical right-wing movement first in Italy and later in Germany during interwar period, response to perceived threat of Communism

A

Fascism

27
Q

name given to Polish government-in-exile, recognized by Allies as legitimate gov. of Poland after fall to Nazis

A

London Poles

28
Q

pro-Soviet government installed by Stalin in Poland that he said was legitimate gov. of Poland

A

Lublin Poles

29
Q

confrontation between Japanese troops/Chinese forces near Marco Polo Bridge outside Peking, July 7, 1937; provides Japan with excuse to invade China

A

Marco Polo Bridge incident

30
Q

use of air power to destroy an enemy nation’s morale and material capability to carry out war-related activities

A

strategic bombing

31
Q

codename given to deciphering of high-level German military communications first by Polish Cipher Bureau and then British military intelligence at Bletchley Park

A

Ultra program

32
Q

abbr. for American-British-Dutch-Australian Command, est. early 1942 for defense of the Dutch East Indies against Japan

A

ABDACOM

33
Q

political agreement between Germany and Japan, Nov. 24, 1936, and later Italy, opposed the activities of the Communist International (Comintern)

A

Anti-Comintern Pact

34
Q

British/French strategy designed to avert war by granting concessions to aggressor states (Germany, Italy, Japan)

A

Appeasement

35
Q

heavily forested, hilly terrain along borders of France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and Germany

A

Ardennes Forest

36
Q

statement of postwar aims of the Allies, issued Aug 14, 1941, included right of self-determination for peoples

A

Atlantic Charter

37
Q

colloquial name for Fascist action squads (Squadre d’Azione) formed in Italy 1919

A

Blackshirts

38
Q

popular name for Nazi Party Sturmabteilung (SA) in 1920s and early 1930s; later replaced by SS

A

Brownshirts

39
Q

policies/action carried out by Nazi Germany to exterminate the Jewish population of Europe

A

Final Solution

40
Q

systematic targeting and extermination of a particular group of people based on racial/ethnic ideals

A

genocide

41
Q

military strategy used by Allied forces in Pacific Theater, focused on bypassing strongly fortified islands held by Japanese in order to focus on most important strategic islands

A

island hopping

42
Q

Japanese term meaning “divine wind,” applied to Japanese suicide pilots, first used Oct 1944 during Battle of Leyte Gulf

A

Kamikaze

43
Q

Nov 9-10, 1938, Jewish homes/ businesses/synagogues were attacked by SA and German civilians

A

Kristallnacht

44
Q

American government act, Mar 11, 1941, US provides war materials to Great Britain/any country whose defense was “deemed vital” to US

A

Lend-Lease

45
Q

codename for American program that deciphered Japanese diplomatic/military codes prior to/during WWII

A

Magic

46
Q

codename given to join American, British, Canadian program to research/develop atomic weapons

A

Manhattan Project

47
Q

mass public demonstration of Italian Fascist Party, Oct. 22-29, 1922. Mussolini named as Prime Minister of Italy

A

March on Rome

48
Q

staged attack on Japanese railway in Manchuria, Sept 18, 1931, to give Japan excuse to invade Manchuria

A

Mukden Incident

49
Q

speech by FDR, Oct 5, 1937, in response to Japanese invasion of China, called for international quarantine of aggressor nations

A

Quarantine Speech

50
Q

misapplication of Charles Darwin’s ideas of natural selection in the biological world to human society

A

Social Darwinism

51
Q

complete control of all aspects of society, both public and private, by the gov. in power

A

Totalitarianism

52
Q

a surrendering power is offered no guarantees, announced by FDR in 1943 during Casablanca Conference

A

unconditional surrender

53
Q

authoritarian government that became ruling power in unoccupied France following French surrender to Germany, June 1940; collaborated with Nazi Germany

A

Vichy France

54
Q

forced march of American and Filipino prisoners taken by the Japanese after conquest on the Philippines, April 1942; Allied prisoners subjected to intense physical abuse, nearly 3,000 Allied prisoners died

A

Bataan Death March

55
Q

failed coup attempt by Hitler against state government of Munich, Nov 8-9, 1923

A

Beer Hall Putsch

56
Q

union of Austria and Germany, forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles (1919)

A

Anschluss

57
Q

hatred/prejudice against Jews as an ethnic/racial group

A

anti-Semitism

58
Q

German term for “lightning war”; emphasized coordination between armor units and close-air support

A

Blitzkrieg

59
Q

German cipher machine used by German military

A

Enigma

60
Q

Adolf Hitler’s autobiography, political manifesto of Nazi Party

A

Mein Kampf

61
Q

territory in western Poland that provided Poland with Baltic Sea access, cut Germany off from its territory in East Prussia

A

Polish Corridor

62
Q

German term for “living space”; used by Hitler in Mein Kampf, territorial expansion = national greatness

A

Lebensraum

63
Q

political philosophy - importance of military power to state’s well-being

A

militarism

Academic Decathlon (WWII) (12 decks)

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