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PP1 - UK Politics and Core > Socialism > Flashcards

Socialism Flashcards

1
Q

What is collectivism?

A

Humans get things done better when they work together. Society can be made better by collective effort.

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2
Q

What doe fraternity mean?

A

Brotherhood

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3
Q

What do socialists believe the states role should be?

A

The state should be intervening to promote the common good. It should be planning to meet our goals in the long and short term

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4
Q

What is the difference between communists and more moderate socialists?

A
  • Communists - state ownership and organisation of almost all production and distribution
  • More moderate - key infrastructure and industries should be state run but private capitalism is allowed in many areas
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5
Q

Name some collective elements of the UK

A
  • Education is provided
  • Trade Unions
  • Social Housing
  • NHS
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6
Q

What criticism does collectivism face?

A

It suppresses individuality and erodes individual freedoms.

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7
Q

What is moral motivation?

A

To do what is right for society and help everyone, especially those who are worse off

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8
Q

What is the goal of socialists in terms of equality?

A

Equality of outcome

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9
Q

Compare the higher rate of tax in the UK and Sweden

A

UK - 40% from £150,000
Sweden - 52% from £58,164

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10
Q

How does maternity leave compare between the UK and Sweden

A

UK - 2 weeks for Men and 1 year for Women
Sweden - 480 days to share

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11
Q

What was Marx’s view on the role of the state?

A
  • Creates the economic base and maintains the economic system.
  • The state is complicit in exploitation and will wither away post-revolution.
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12
Q

What was Marx’s view on the equality?

A
  • Workers are exploited by the bourgeoise, the inequality between classes will drive change dialect.
  • Equality of outcome will occur in a socialist state.
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13
Q

What was Marx’s view on Capitalism?

A
  • Workers are exploited by the state to create surplus value.
  • It creates competition within the working class, deceives workers as to what their goals should be. - This will eventually be unsustainable
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14
Q

What was Marx’s view on the route to socialism?

A
  • Society has always had contrary forces
  • The tension grows until it is unsustainable and breaks
  • Capitalism will drive this with the workers becoming aware and active
  • Revolution is inevitable
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15
Q

What was Marx’s view on the economy?

A
  • It is the base on which societies superstructure is based
  • In capitalism this is based on the exploitation if the proletariat and bourgeoise
  • After the revolution everything will be in collective ownership , generating means of production
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16
Q

What is Webb’s view on the role of the state?

A
  • Power has gradually grown to meet workers needs
  • It has moved from keeping order to looking after everyone
  • The state will morph into skilled specialists who organise a centrally planned economy
17
Q

What is Webb’s view on the equality?

A
  • A skilled government can deal with the inequalities created by capitalism
  • This will inevitably lead to a centrally planned economy
  • Distribution of wealth will make society more equal
18
Q

What is Webb’s view on capitalism?

A
  • Capitalism has generated a growing state to deal with its inequalities
  • As this continues the gradual move towards more planning and welfare is inevitable
  • Eventually we will reach a socialist state
19
Q

What is Webb’s view on the route to socialism?

A
  • No need for revolution
  • The gradual move to a socialism as the state takes care of people is inevitable
  • The lower classes will be provided for by a specialist, skilled government
20
Q

What is Webb’s view on the economy?

A
  • The capitalist economy is generating its own moderation
  • The ‘economic side of democracy’ means that as more workers get better representation they will elect a government that manages the economy in their favour
21
Q

What is Webb’s view on human nature?

A
  • Workers are limited, selfish and uniformed
  • Representative democracy is necessary so that skilled experts can be put in charge
22
Q

What is Luxemburg’s view on capitalism?

A
  • Capitalism cannot be managed
  • It is still exploitative
  • Attempts to work within it don’t solve anything
  • You can generate revolution if you can overcome the barriers to class consciousness
23
Q

What is Luxemburg’s view on the route to socialism?

A
  • The only way is revolution
  • A socialist party in a democracy can precipitate this through agitation
  • Mass strikes, both successful and unsuccessful will lead to a spontaneous socialist revolution
24
Q

What is Luxemburg’s view on the economy?

A
  • Any attempt to work within capitalism leaves exploitation intact
  • You can try to minimise the effects but the fundamental problem is still there
25
Q

What is Luxemburg’s view on human nature?

A
  • Class consciousness will develop within workers
  • Discontent would eventually erupt into strikes and then revolution
26
Q

What is Crosland’s view on the role of the state?

A
  • State must manage capitalism
  • Demand side economics - high employment and low inflation
  • Provide more equal distribution of rewards, status and wealth
27
Q

What is Crosland’s view on equality?

A
  • The equality Marx wrote about is no longer present
  • Managed capitalism can deliver social equality
  • High levels of welfare spending can help those at the bottom, without disrupting the lives of those at the top
28
Q

What is Crosland’s view on capitalism?

A
  • The version of capitalism we have now takes care to deal with inequalities
  • Therefore tension (dialectic) is no longer enough to drive change
  • Capitalism can be managed by the state
29
Q

What is Crosland’s view on the route to socialism?

A
  • The worst inequalities of capitalism are now ameliorated by modern liberalism
  • There is no need for a revolution
  • A mixed economy will provide equality within society
30
Q

What is Crosland’s view on the economy?

A
  • The state can use demand side (Keynesian) economics
  • This manages employment, inflation and continuous growth
  • Rather than collapsing capitalism has improved living standards and funded welfare

PP1 - UK Politics and Core (7 decks)

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