Sociology

Question 1

Who developed the concept of the sick role?

Answer 1

Talcott Parsons

Question 2

What are the two rights associated with the sick role according to Talcott Parsons?

Answer 2

Exemption from normal social roles and right not to blamed for illness

Question 3

What are the two obligations associated with the sick role according to Talcott Parsons?

Answer 3

To try to get well and to seek competent help

Question 4

What is the purpose of the sick role in society according to Talcott Parsons?

Answer 4

To maintain social order and stability

Question 5

What does Talcott Parsons argue is the function of the sick role in society?

Answer 5

To regulate the behavior of sick individuals

Question 6

Fill in the blank: The sick role is a ____________ concept developed by Talcott Parsons.

Answer 6

sociological

Question 7

What is the term for the process of being excused from normal social roles when sick?

Answer 7

Exemption

Question 8

What is the term for the concept of individuals being excused from their usual obligations when sick?

Answer 8

Exemption from normal social roles

Question 9

What is the term for the concept of individuals having the right to receive care when sick?

Answer 9

Right to be taken care of

Question 10

What is the term for the process of seeking medical attention when sick?

Answer 10

Seeking competent help

Question 11

What is the term for the process of trying to recover from illness?

Answer 11

Trying to get well

Question 12

What are the consequences for individuals who do not adhere to the sick role obligations according to Talcott Parsons?

Answer 12

Social disapproval and stigma

Question 13

What is the term for the negative consequences individuals face if they do not adhere to the sick role obligations?

Answer 13

Social disapproval and stigma

Question 14

What is the term for the negative reaction from society towards individuals who do not follow the sick role obligations?

Answer 14

Social disapproval and stigma

Question 15

What are the two main critiques of Talcott Parsons’ sick role concept?

Answer 15

Neglect of social determinants of health and lack of consideration for chronic illnesses

Question 16

What are the two areas that critics argue Talcott Parsons’ sick role concept fails to address?

Answer 16

Social determinants of health and chronic illnesses

Question 17

What are the two factors that Talcott Parsons’ sick role concept overlooks according to critics?

Answer 17

Social determinants of health and chronic illnesses

Question 18

What is labelling theory?

Answer 18

Labelling theory suggests that deviance is not inherent to an act but is rather a result of societal reaction to that act.

Question 19

True or False: According to labelling theory, deviant behavior is determined by the individual’s moral character.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Who proposed the labelling theory of deviance?

Answer 20

Howard Becker

Question 21

What term is used to describe the process of individuals being negatively labelled as deviant and then adopting that label as part of their identity?

Answer 21

Secondary deviance

Question 22

According to labelling theory, what can happen to individuals who are labelled as deviant by society?

Answer 22

They may become trapped in a deviant identity and engage in further deviant behavior.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: Labelling theory focuses on the ________ of deviance rather than the ________ of the act itself.

Answer 23

reaction, nature

Question 24

What is the term used to describe the behavior that violates social norms and is disapproved of by society?

Answer 24

Deviance

Question 25

True or False: Labelling theory suggests that deviance is a fixed characteristic of an individual.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

What is the term used to describe the process by which individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them?

Answer 26

Differential association

Question 27

What is the term used to describe the act of applying a negative label to an individual or group?

Answer 27

Labelling

Question 28

What term is used to describe the idea that individuals conform to the expectations of a label that has been given to them?

Answer 28

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 29

True or False: Labelling theory suggests that societal reactions to deviance can actually encourage further deviant behavior.

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is the term used to describe the act of applying a positive label to an individual or group?

Answer 30

Positive labelling

Question 31

What term is used to describe the process by which an individual is labelled as deviant and then excluded from normal social interactions?

Answer 31

Stigmatization

Question 32

According to labelling theory, what can happen to individuals who are labelled as deviant by society and then rejected by social institutions?

Answer 32

They may become further marginalized and engage in more serious forms of deviance.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: Labelling theory emphasizes the ________ of social ________ in the creation of deviant behavior.

Answer 33

importance, reactions

Question 34

What is the term used to describe the process by which individuals are labelled as deviant and then placed under increased surveillance by authorities?

Answer 34

Label amplification

Question 35

True or False: Labelling theory suggests that deviant behavior is always a conscious choice made by individuals.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What term is used to describe the act of treating someone as if they are already deviant, which can lead to the person actually becoming deviant?

Answer 36

Deviant overconformity

Question 37

What is the term used to describe the act of treating someone as if they are not deviant, which can prevent the person from engaging in deviant behavior?

Answer 37

Deviant underconformity

Question 38

According to labelling theory, what role do social institutions play in the process of deviance?

Answer 38

Social institutions can reinforce or challenge deviant labels, affecting an individual's future behavior.

Question 39

True or False: Labelling theory focuses on the individual's internal motivations for deviant behavior.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

What term is used to describe the act of applying a neutral label to an individual or group?

Answer 40

Neutral labelling

Question 41

What is the term used to describe the process by which individuals are labelled as deviant and then excluded from normal social interactions?

Answer 41

Stigmatization