What is the imaginary line that planets spin and rotate on?
Axis
What is the point in earth’s orbit around the sun where daylight is the longest or shortest?
Solstice
What is the point in earth’s orbit around the sun where the amount of light and dark are equal?
Equinox
Comets
Small Fragile Irregularly shaped bodies Composed of a mixture of water ice, dust, carbon, and silicone based compounds Coma, tail, nucleus Halley's Comet
Asteroids
Small rocky objects in the solar system Orbit sun in asteroid belt No atmosphere Known as planetoids or minor planets From tiny pebbles to 578 miles in diameter
Meteor
Smallest bodies in the solar system that can be observed by the eye
“Shooting stars”
Brightest objects in the night sky
Fireball- a brilliant meteor
How is the moon lit?
By sunlight bouncing off it
What is an eclipse?
When one object in space casts a shadow on another
DRAW A SOLAR ECLIPSE
DRAW A LUNAR ECLIPSE
LABEL THE EIGHT PHASES OF THE MOON
Moon
Natural satellite for earth Surface- thick, dusty, dotted with various sizes of rocks Dotted with craters and lunar mountains NO water NO atmosphere
How do tides occur?
Change in ocean water levels
Controlled by the pull of gravity between the earth and the moon
Force of gravity from moon pulls ocean water away from earths surface
Which way do all planets orbit around the sun?
Counter clockwise
Stars
Objects in space made of gases
Gases produce their own light and heat
Amount of energy produced by a star determines its color and surface temp
Nuclear fusion- occurs when hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms, causes light and heat energy to be given off
Constellations
Astronomers recognize 88 constellations
Astronomers use constellations as a map in the sky; describing the locations of Jupiter astronomers would name the constellations where Jupiter would appear
How do astronomers measure the distance to stars?
Astronomers map the stars one month, then six months later map again. An imaginary line is drawn from both points where they cross which gives the location of the star
Why do seasons exist
From earths axis leaning toward or away from the sun
What is the source of all stars energy
Nuclear fusion
Why does the moon seem to appear, change shape, and disappear?
Because of the moons location in space