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0
Q

What is the lowest run on the Spanish wine quality ladder?

A

Vino de Mesa

1
Q

What are the Spanish wine levels?

A

Vino de Mesa

Vine de la Tierra (VT or VdLT)

Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geographica (VCIG)

Denominacion de Origen (DO)

Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOC)

DO Pago (VP or Vino de Pago)

2
Q

What is Vino de la Tierra (VdLT) the equivalent to in France?

A

Vin de Pays

3
Q

What purpose does VCIG (Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geographica) serve in Spain?

A

Gateway between VdLT (Vino de la Tierra) and DO status

4
Q

How long after being a VCIG (Vinos de Calidad con Indicacion Geographica) can one apply to be DO (Denominacion de Origen)?

A

5 yrs

5
Q

When was VCIG (Vino de Calidad con Indicacion Geographica) created?

A

2003

6
Q

How many DO’s are there in Spain?

A

69

7
Q

When was the DOC (Denominacion de Calificada) Created in Spain?

A

1988

8
Q

What was the first DOC wine region?

A

Rioja

9
Q

How many DOC regions are there today?

A

2

10
Q

What are the 2 DOC regions in Spain?

A
Rioja DOC (1988)
Priorato DOC (2003)
11
Q

Name one criteria that has to do with pricing for DOC wines?

A

The average price of wines must be double the national average for DO wines

12
Q

What are the general aging requirements in Spain (w/exceptions) for Crianza wines? Red and White.

A

Red - 2 yrs (6 months cask)

White - 18 months (6 months in cask)

13
Q

What are the general aging requirements in Spain (w/exceptions) for Reserva wines? Red and White.

A

Red - 3 yrs (1 yr cask)

White - 2 yrs (6 month cask)

14
Q

What are the general aging requirements in Spain (w/exceptions) for Gran Reserva wines? Red and White.

A

Red - 5 yrs (18 month cask)

White - 4 yrs (6 month cask)

15
Q

In Spain if it says “Noble” on bottle, how long must it be aged for?

A

18 months in cask of 600 L or less or Bottle

16
Q

In Spain if it says “Anejo” on the bottle, how long must it be aged for?

A

24 months in cask of 600 L or less or bottle

17
Q

In Spain if it says “Viejo” on the bottle how long must it be aged for?

A

36 months and must demonstrate marked oxidative character

18
Q

What is “Cosecha”?

A

Harvest (Vintage)

19
Q

What is “Criadera”?

A

Collection of vintage wines in barrels making up the younger part of a Solera

20
Q

What is “Joven”?

A

Young wine

21
Q

What is “Orujo”?

A

Similar to Grappa or Marc (distillate made from grape pomace)

22
Q

What does “Roble” mean?

A

“oak” usually meaning the wine has spent a little time in barrel (usually under 6 months)

23
Q

What is “Vendimia”?

A

Harvest (Vintage)

24
Q

What is “Rama”?

A

Unfiltered wine

25
Q

What are the DO’s in Galicia?

A
Rias Biaxas DO
Ribeiro DO
Valdeorras DO
Ribeira Sacra DO
Monterrei DO
26
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Rias Biaxas DO?

A
Riberia do Ulla
Val do Salnes
Soutomaoir
Condado do Tea
O Rosal
27
Q

What is the primary grape in Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Albarino (90% vineyard area)

28
Q

What is the most important Rias Biaxas subzone?

A

Val do Salnes

29
Q

What is the typical training system in Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Pergola

30
Q

What river separates Spain from Portugal?

A

Mihno

31
Q

What types of soil are typical for Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Granite

32
Q

What are the allowed styles in Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Albarino (100%)
Blanco and Blanco Barrico
Blanco with Subzone
Tinto

33
Q

What % of Albarino is required in the blanco of subzones: Riberia do Ulla, Val do Salnes?

A

70%

34
Q

What 2 grapes must constitute 70% of the blend in Condado do Tea subzone of Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Albarino

Treixadura

35
Q

What 2 grapes must constitute 70% of the blend in the O Rosal subzone of Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Albarino

Loureira

36
Q

What 4 grapes are recommended in the Blanco wines of Rias Biaxas DO?

A

Albarino
Treixadura
Loureira
Caina Blanca

37
Q

What is the favored white grape of Ribeiro DO?

A

Treixadura

38
Q

What is the favored red grape of Ribeiro DO?

A

Caino Tinto

39
Q

What non-dry wine will you find in Ribeiro DO?

A

Vino Tostado (dried grape wine)

6 months oak or cherry cask

3 month drying min

40
Q

What is the reasoning behind the name “Sacred Bank”?

A

Along the Mihno River where there is a high concentration of churches

41
Q

What is another name for Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Sacred Bank

42
Q

What is the most important red grape in Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Mencia

43
Q

What white grapes make the top wines in Ribeira Sacra DO

A

Treixadura

Godello

44
Q

What are the 5 subregions of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A
Chantada
Ribeiras do Mino
Amandi
Quiroga-Bibei
Ribeiras do Sil
45
Q

What is the terrain of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Steep Steep Terraces

46
Q

What is the Eastern-most DO in Galicia?

A

Valdeorras DO

47
Q

What is the most prominent grape in Valdeorras DO?

A

Godello

48
Q

What is the Crianza aging requirements in Valdeorras DO?

A

Red - 2 yrs (12 month cask)

White - 2 yrs (6 month cask)

49
Q

What is the primary red grape in Valdeorras DO?

A

Mencia

50
Q

What varietal wines are allowed to be made in Valdeorras DO?

A

Mencia

Godello

51
Q

Where in Galicia is Monterrei DO?

A

Southern Galicia east of Rias Biaxas DO

52
Q

What are the 2 Subzones of Monterrei DO?

A

Valle de Monterrei

Ladera de Monterrei

53
Q

What are the 3 DO’s of Basque Country (Pais Vasco)?

A
Arabako Txakolina (Chacoli de Alava) DO
Bizkaiko Txakolina (Chacoli de Bizcaia) DO
Getaraiko Txakolina (Chacoli de Guetaria) DO
54
Q

What grape constitutes 95% of vineyard acreage in Getaraiko Txokolina (Chacoli de Guetaria) DO?

A

Ondarrabi Zuri/Hondarribi Zuri (white)

55
Q

What is the red grape of Basque Country (Pais Vasco)?

A

Ondarrabi Beltza/Hondarribi Beltza

56
Q

What is the traditional name for Rose wines in Basque Country (Pais Vasco)?

A

Ojo de Gallo (often blends of the 2 grapes)

57
Q

What does Castilla y Leon mean?

A

Land of Castles

58
Q

What is the climate of Castilla y Leon?

A

Continental tempered by proximity to Atlantic and Mediterreanean

59
Q

Where is the majority of Castilla y Leon situated?

A

Meseta Central, an Arid plateau surrounded by mountains with the Duero River running through it

60
Q

What are the 3 VCIG’s (Vino de Calidad con Indicacion Geographica) in Castilla y Leon?

A

Sierra de Salmanca VCIG
Valles de Benavente VCIG
Valtiendas VCIG

61
Q

What are the 9 DO’s of Castilla y Leon?

A
Bierzo DO
Tierra de Leon DO
Arribes DO
Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO
Toro DO
Rueda DO
Cigales DO
Arianza DO
Ribera del Duero DO
62
Q

What is the primary grape of Bierzo DO?

A

Mencia (74.5% of plantings)

63
Q

Where are the best vineyards located in Bierzo DO?

A

On the terraced schist slopes

64
Q

What white grapes are primarily used in Bierzo DO?

A

Dona Blanca

Godello

65
Q

Who are the top Pioneers in Bierzo DO?

A

Decendientes de Palacios (Alvaro Palacios)

Ultreia (Raul Perez)

66
Q

What % Mencia is required for rose and red wines in Bierzo?

A

50% for Rose

70% for Red

67
Q

Where is Arribes DO located?

A

Along the border of Portugal straddling the Duero River

68
Q

What is the primary white grape of Arribes DO?

A

Malvasia (min 60%)

69
Q

What are the primary red grapes of Arribes DO?

A

Juan Garcia
Rufete
Tempranillo

70
Q

What is Clarete in Tierra del Vino de Zamora DO?

A

A Darker style rose with 30% min Tempranillo fermented on the skins

71
Q

What is the climate in Toro DO?

A
Low rain (under 16")
Hot days, Cool nights
72
Q

What are the geological features of Toro DO?

A

Duress River

High altitude - 1970-2460ft (600-700m)

73
Q

What is the main red grape in Toro DO? How much is required in the Tinto blend?

A

Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo) (min 75%)

74
Q

Who are the top producers in Toro DO?

A

Farina

Numanthia

75
Q

Who was a pioneer in reviving Rueda DO?

A

Marquis de Riscal

76
Q

What type of wines are you likely to find in Rueda DO?

A

Whites from Verdejo (min 50%)

92% of the plantings

77
Q

What is Rueda Dorado?

A

Vin de Licor
4 yrs aging (2 in wood)
Dry oxidized and fortified

78
Q

What is the Crianza requirements for Rueda DO?

A

Blanco/rosado - 18 month (6 oak)

Tinto - 2 yrs (6 oak)

79
Q

What are the Reserva requirements for Rueda DO?

A

Blanco Rosado - 2 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 3 yrs (1 oak)

80
Q

What are the Gran Reserva requirements for Rueda DO?

A

Blanco/Rosado - 4 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 5 yrs (24 oak/36 bottle)

81
Q

what are the geological features of Rueda DO?

A

High Flat Plateau and Duero River

82
Q

What is the climate of Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Hot days cool nights

83
Q

What styles of wine are allowed in Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Reds/Rose

84
Q

What is the primary grape of Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Tinto del Pais/Tinto Fino (Tempranillo)

85
Q

What is the most famous estate in Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Vega Sicilia

86
Q

What is the flagship wine of Vega Sicilia?

A

Unico

87
Q

What are the Crianza requirements for Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Rosado - 2 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 2 yrs (12 oak)

88
Q

What are the Reserva requirements for Ribera del Duero DO?

A

Tinto - 3 yrs (12 oak)

89
Q

What are the Gran Reserva requirements for Ribera del Duero DO?

A

24 oak-36 bottle

90
Q

What Mountains protect Rioja DOC?

A
Sierra Cantabria (N)
Sierra Iberico (S)
Pyrenees (NE)
91
Q

What are the 3 Subregions of Rioja DO and what wine making Autonomia are they located in?

A
Rioja Alta (La Rioja)
Rioja Alavese (Pais Vasco/Basque Country)
Rioja Baja (Navarra)
92
Q

What were the first 2 Rioja producers?

A

Marquis de Riscal

Marquis de Murrietta

93
Q

What 3 famous Rioja houses started up in the 1890’s in Haro?

A

Lopez de Heredia
CVNE
La Rioja Alta

94
Q

What area did Rioja supply wines to when Phylloxera broke out?

A

Bordeaux

95
Q

What is the primary white grape of Rioja DOC?

A

Viura (Macabeo)

96
Q

What are the Crianza aging requirements in Rioja DOC?

A

Blanco/Rosado - 2 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 2 yrs (1 oak)

97
Q

What are the Reserva aging requirements for Rioja DOC?

A

Blanco/Rosado - 2 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 3 yrs (1 oak)

98
Q

What are the Gran Reserva aging requirements for Rioja DOC?

A

Blanco/Rosado - 4 yrs (6 oak)

Tinto - 2yr oak - 3 yr bottle

99
Q

What is Navarra most famous for?

A

Rosado wine

100
Q

What are the main red varietals in Navarra?

A

Garnacha

Tempranillo

101
Q

What are the 5 subzones of Navarra DO?

A
Tierra Estella
Valdizarbe
Baja Montana
Ribera Alta
Ribera Baja
102
Q

What 3 DO Pagos are located in Navarra?

A
Senorio de Arinzano (Tierra Estella)
Prado Irache (Tierra Estella)
Bodegas Otazu (Valdizarbe)
103
Q

What are the 4 DO’s of Aragon?

A

Calatayud DO
Campo de Borja DO
Carinena DO
Somontano DO

104
Q

What is the primary grape of Campo de Borja DO?

A

Garnacha

105
Q

What is the primary grape in Carinena?

A

Garnacha

106
Q

What is the primary grape in Calatayud?

A

Garnacha

107
Q

Where is the ancestral home of Carignan(Mazuelo)?

A

Carinena DON

108
Q

What types of grapes might you find in Somontano DO?

A

Alcanon (white)

Parraleta (red)

109
Q

What does Somontano DO translate to?

A

Beneath the mountain or At the foot of the mountain

110
Q

What mountian ranges is Aragon sandwiched between?

A

Pyrenees (North)

Iberic (South)

111
Q

What are the 12 DO’s of Catalunya?

A
Empordá DO
Catalunya DO
Alella DO
Plá de Bages DO
Cava DO
Penédes DO
Conca de Barberá 
Costers del Segre DO
Tarragona DO
Montsant DO
Terra Alta DO
Vino Dulce de Heilo
112
Q

What is the DOC of Catalunya?

A

Priorat DOC (2000)

113
Q

What is the primary soil of Priorat DOC?

A

Llicorella (Brown Slate and Quartz)

114
Q

What are the 12 subregions of Priorat?

A
Solanes del Terme de el Molar
Bellmunt del Priorat
Masos del Terme de Falset
Porrera 
Grattollops
El Lloar
La Vilella Baixa
La Vilella Alta
Torrera del Priorat
Poboleda
Escaladei
La morera de Montsant
115
Q

What is Carignena (Mazuelo) called in Priorat DOC?

A

Samso

116
Q

If the subzone is included on the wine label in Priorat DOC, what is generally written on the label?

A

Vi de la Vila

117
Q

What year were the first “Clos” wines made in Priorat?

A

1989

118
Q

What were the 5 “Clos” wines jointly made?

A
Clos Mogador (Rene Barbier)
Clos Dofi (Alvaro Palacios)
Clos Erasmus 
Clos de l'Obac
Clos Martinet
119
Q

What surrounds Priorat DOC?

A

Montsant DO

120
Q

What are the Dominant varieites in Montsant DO?

A

Garnacha

Carinena

121
Q

What types of wines is Emporda DO most known for?

A

Carinena Rosados

122
Q

What is Xarel-lo known as in Alella DO?

A

Pansa Blanca

123
Q

What differentiates the 3 subzones of Penedes?

A

Altitude

124
Q

What are the subzones of Penedes DO?

A

Baix-Penedes
Medio-Penedes
Alt-Penedes

125
Q

What is a principal grape in Alt-Penedes?

A

Parellada

126
Q

What red grape thrives in Medio-Penedes?

A

Ulle de Llebre (Tempranillo)

127
Q

What red grapes thrive in Baix-Penedes?

A

Garnacha (Garnatxa)

Monastrell

128
Q

What ancient sweet wine has been rescued in Baix-Penedes?

A

Malvasia de Sitges

129
Q

What 2 producers rescued Malvasia de Sitges?

A

Vega de Ribes

Hospital de Sant Joan Baptista

130
Q

What % of Cava is produced in Penedes?

A

95%

131
Q

What are the primary grapes of Cava DO?

A

Parellada
Macabeo
Xarel-lo

132
Q

What red grapes may be used in Cava DO?

A

Pinot Noir
Monastrell
Garnacha
Trepat (only Rose)

133
Q

What are the aging levels of Cava DO?

A

Cava (9 months lees)
Reserva (15 months lees)
Gran Reserva (30 months lees)

134
Q

Who introduced Metodo Classico wines to Cava?

A

Jose Raventos of Codorniu

135
Q

What are the 2 largest sparkling producers in the world?

A

Freixenet

Codorniu

136
Q

What invention did the Spanish give to sparkling winemaking?

A

Gyropalette

137
Q

What style of wines were tradional in Tarragona DO?

A

Rancio or Mistella

138
Q

What are the two DO’s of The Balearic Islands?

A

Pla i Levant DO

Binassalem Mallorca

139
Q

What indigenous grapes might you find in the Balearic Island DO’s?

A

Manto Negro

Moll (Prensal Blanc)

140
Q

What are the 3 DO’s of Valencia?

A

Valencia DO
Utiel-Requena DO
Valencia DO

141
Q

What famous dish is from Valencia?

A

Paella

142
Q

What indigenous white grape are you likely to find in Valencia?

A

Merseguera

143
Q

What red grape are you likely to find in Valencia?

A

Bobal

144
Q

What is Fondillón?

A

A solera style dessert wine from overripe monastrell aged for 10 yrs min

145
Q

Where would you find Fondillón?

A

Alicante DO

146
Q

What is Doble Pasta?

A

red wines macerated with 2x the amount of skins and pulp

147
Q

What are the 3 DO’s of Murcia?

A

Yecla
Jumilla
Bullas

148
Q

What red grape dominates the Murcia DO’s?

A

Monastrell