Specific tumours part 2

Question 1

Mammary tumours are reduced by neutering - true or false?

Answer 1

True - only if before 2nd season!!

Question 2

Mammary tumours are 50% benign in dogs (middle-aged), 50% malignant (older dogs). What breeds are predisposed?

Answer 2

Dachshund
Chihuahua
Poodle
Maltese
Yorkie
Cocker

Question 3

What cat breed is predisposed to mammary tumours?

Answer 3

Siamese

Question 4

When considering surgery for a mammary tumour, how much mammary tissue should be removed?

Answer 4

Low risk tumour - single mammary gland
Higher risk - mammary strip
Consider bilateral - likely to get another

Question 5

What tumour is often mistaken for mastitis in dogs? What is the prognosis?

Answer 5

Canine inflammatory carcinoma

Poor - very painful, cannot excise –> palliative

Question 6

Are feline mammary tumours malignant or benign? What is the treatment for feline mammary tumours?

Answer 6

Majority malignant
Treatment: mammary strip +/- LN removal
Chemo: doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide

Question 7

What chemotherapy is given to cats and dogs with mammary gland tumours?

Answer 7

Doxorubicin
Cyclophosphamide
(5-FU - dogs only)

Question 8

What 2 breeds are predisposed to a MCT?

Answer 8

Boxer

Boston terrier

Question 9

Which two oral drugs are licensed for MCT in dogs?

Answer 9

Toceranib

Masitinib

Question 10

Apart from toceranib and masitinib, what other drugs can be given for MCT chemo?

Answer 10

Lomustine
Vinblastine
Prednisolone

Question 11

How do MCTs spread? (route)

Answer 11

Lymphatic

Question 12

What are the 3 Patnaik grades for canine MCTs?

Answer 12

Grade I - well differentiated, benign behaviour
Grade II - variable metastasis, cause of death in 50% patients
Grade III - highly metastatic, likely cause of death

Question 13

What is the Kiupel grading system for canine MCTs?

Answer 13

Low grade - MST >2 yrs

High grade - MST <4 months

Question 14

Do cats get MCTs?

Answer 14

Yes - cutaneous form (alopecic)

Or in spleen/intestine

Question 15

Which tumour has a vaccine available?

Answer 15

Melanoma - canine immunotherapy vaccine

Question 16

What breeds are predisposed to oral malignant melanomas?

Answer 16

Golden Retriever
Cocker
Mini Poodle
Chow Chow

Question 17

What is the treatment for oral malignant melanomas?

Answer 17

Surgery
Radiotherapy
Immunotherapy vaccine (for stages II and III)

Question 18

Multiple myeloma is cancer of which cells? What does this lead to an overproduction of?

Answer 18

Plasma cells

Overproduction of IgA or IgG

Question 19

In multiple myeloma, the hyperproteinaemia may lead to hyperviscosity syndrome. What are the symptoms of this?

Answer 19

Neuro signs
Retinal detachment
CHF

Question 20

What drugs can be used for multiple myeloma treatment?

Answer 20

Steroids
Melphalan
(also surgery)

Question 21

In dogs, multiple myelomas can be diagnosed if how many of the following criteria is met? Monoclonal gammopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, etc

Answer 21

2

Question 22

What on biochemistry may be a negative prognostic factor for osteosarcomas?

Answer 22

High ALP 
(suggests lots of bone remodelling)

Question 23

Treatment options for appendicular OSA includes surgery (amputation), radiotherapy, bone fixation and chemo. What biphosphonate drug can be used?

Answer 23

Pamidronate

Question 24

With oral OSAs, is prognosis better with mandibular or maxillary?

Answer 24

Mandibular

Die from mets rather than recurrence

Question 25

What route do soft tissue sarcomas usually spread?

Answer 25

Haematogenous

Question 26

SCCs are highly malignant and are often stage N by diagnosis. How do the lesions present?

Answer 26

Ulcerated

Question 27

Feline SCC are most common in which location and what age cats?

Answer 27

Oral (tongue base) | Middle-older cats

Question 28

What is the treatment and prognosis for feline SCCs?

Answer 28

Surgery or palliative | Poor Px

Question 29

Oral SCCs in dogs have a low metastatic rate and are treated with surgery or radiotherapy. What drugs can be used if other therapies aren't possible?

Answer 29

Piroxicam | Carboplatin

Question 30

Tonsillar SCCs have a high metastatic rate and are treated with surgery or chemo. What drugs are used if other therapies aren't possible?

Answer 30

Mitoxantrone | Carboplatin

Question 31

TCCs are common in the trigone of the bladder. Name another predilection site

Answer 31

Urethra | Prostate in males

Question 32

Why may an animal with TCC present lame?

Answer 32

Bony metastases

Question 33

How can TCCs be treated?

Answer 33

Radiotherapy Medication - mitoxantrone (Surgery rarely possible)

Question 34

How are TCCs diagnosed?

Answer 34

Tissue biopsy via cystoscopy | NOT FNA

Question 35

Transmissible venereal tumours are not in the UK, but are very responsive to which chemo drug?

Answer 35

Vincristine