Spina Bifida

Question 1

Definition of spina bifida

Answer 1

Neural tube defect
3 different types:

spina bifida oculta (anatómica abnormality of the spinal cord)

meningocele (lesion in which the spinal cord is normal but meninges have herniated through the spinal opening)

meningomyelocele (open lesion in the spinal cord through which the meninges protrude into a fluid-filled sac)

Question 2

Neuropathology of spina bifida

Answer 2

65% have midbrain abnormalities such as tectal beaking due to large posterior fossa

Partial dysgenesis of the corpus callosum is common

Significant loss of gray and white matter mostly in the posterior brain region

Obstruction of flow is at the fourth and third ventricle due to Chiari II malformation seen in 90%

Question 3

Risk Factors

Answer 3

Add*

Question 4

Incidence rates of Spina Bifida

Answer 4

2 in 1000 births

More frequent in Caucasian and Latino than African American

Question 5

Determinants of severity with SBM

Answer 5

Shunt treatment
Extent of hydrocephalus
Extent of brain malformation