Spinal cord anatomy

Question 0

Meninges and spaces

Answer 0

Epidural space - Dura mater-subdural space - arachonoid mater -subarachoid space - pia mater - dentriculate ligaments

Question 1

Protective structures of spinal cord

Answer 1

meninges - membranes
Vertebrae - bone
Fluid - CSF (cerebrospinal fluid)

Question 2

Superficial layer of meninges

Answer 2

Dura mater: dense irregular connective tissue, thick and strong

Question 3

Middle layer meninges

Answer 3

arachoid mater: avascular, delicate collagen fibers and some elastic fibers. Spider web

Question 4

Innermost layer of meninges

Answer 4

Pia mater, thin and transparent, adheres to surface of spinal cord and brain (saran wraps)

Question 5

Space between vertebral canal and dura mater

Answer 5

Epidural space (filled with extracellular fluid)

Question 6

Space between dura mater and arachnoid mater

Answer 6

Subdural space (Extracellular space)

Question 7

space between arachnoid mater and pia mater

Answer 7

subarachnoid space

Question 8

extensions of pia mater that suspend the spinal cord in the middle

Answer 8

Denticulate ligaments: protect against sudden displacement

Question 9

Spinal cord external anatomy shape, length

Answer 9

Oval (flattened anteriorly and posteriorly) from medulla oblongata to L2 (in new borns it goes to L3-L4)

Question 10

Cervical enlargement

Answer 10

From C4 to T1

Nerves to end and from the arms

Question 11

Lumber enlargement

Answer 11

from T9 to T12

nerves to and from legs

Question 12

Tapering end of spinal cord

Answer 12

conus medullaris, ends between L1 and L2

Question 13

Extension of pia mater

Answer 13

filum terminale, runs from conus medullaris to coccyx, anchors spinal cord to coccyx

Question 14

Spinal nerves at the end of spinal cord

Answer 14

cauda equina

Question 15

Paths of communication between spinal cord and specific areas of the body

Answer 15

Spinal nerves. Peripheral nerves system

Question 16

smaller bundles of axon

Answer 16

rootlet

Question 17

two bundle of axons called

Answer 17

root

Question 18

Posterior (dorsal) root and rootlets

Answer 18

contain only SENSORY axons, which conduct nerve impulses from sensory receptors in the skin, muscles and internal organs into the central nervous system. Afferent

Question 19

Anterior (ventral) root and rootlet

Answer 19

contain axons of MOTOR neurons, which conduct nerve impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands)

Question 20

White matter of spinal cord consists

Answer 20

bundles of myelinated axons of neurons

Question 21

Grey matter

Answer 21

Unmyelinated axons
Dendrites and cell bodies
Neuroglia

Question 22

Central Canal

Answer 22

entire length of the spinal cord and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

Gray commisure

Answer 23

forms the crossbar of H

Question 24

A narrow furrow on the posterior side

Answer 24

Post median sulcus

Question 25

wide groove on the anterior side

Answer 25

Anterior median fissure/sulcus

Question 26

Posterior Grey Horns

Answer 26

incoming sensory axons and all bodies and axons of interneurons

Question 27

Anterior Grey Horns

Answer 27

Outgoing motor axons and all bodies of interneurons

Question 28

Lateral Grey Horns

Answer 28

Only found in T-spine and upper lumber | Autonomic motor cell bodies

Question 29

Bundles of Axons in the CNS

Answer 29

Tracts

Question 30

Bundles of axons in the PNS

Answer 30

Nerves

Question 31

Clusters of cell bodies in the CNS

Answer 31

Nuclei

Question 32

Clusters of cell bodies in the PNS

Answer 32

Ganglion

Question 33

Spinal nerves covering

Answer 33

Endoneurium, Perineurium, Epineurium

Question 34

Rami

Answer 34

1. Posterior Ramus (mm+skin of posterior trunk) 2. Anterior Ramus (mm+skin of limbs, skin of lat and ant trunk) 3. Meningeal branch ( re-enter vertebral canal to supply vertebra, vertebral ligament, Blood vessels of spinal cords, meninges) 4. Rami communicantes (rami communications, ANS)