Spine anatomy

Question 1

How many vertebrae does the cervical have?

Answer 1

Cervical has 7 vertebrates

Question 2

How many vertebrae does the thoracic have?

Answer 2

Thoracic has 12 vertebrates

Question 3

How many vertebrae does the lumbar have?

Answer 3

Lumbar has 5 vertebrates

Question 4

How many vertebrae does the sacrum have?

Answer 4

Sacrum has 5 vertebrates(Fused)

Question 5

How many vertebrates does the coccyx have?

Answer 5

Coccyx has 4 vertebrates(Fused)

Question 6

How many vertebrates are there in total and how many of which are moveable?

Answer 6

33 vertebrates in total of which 24 are moveable

Question 7

Where do the primary curves(thorax and sacral) develop?

Answer 7

-Thorax and sacral curves develop in utero

Question 8

Secondary curves of the spine

Answer 8

• Cervical(Lordosis)
• Thoracic(Kyphosis)
• Lumbar(Lordosis)
• Sacral(Kyphosis)
• Coccyx(Tailbone)

Question 9

What is the size and shape of the C-spine?

Answer 9

Small, oval shaped vertebral bodies

Question 10

Properties of the vertebral arch and vertebral foramen of C-spine

Answer 10

Relatively wide vertebral arch with large vertebral foramen

Question 11

C-spine properties

Answer 11

Relatively long, bifid (except for C7) inferiorly pointing spinous processes

Question 12

What does the transverse foramina protect?

Answer 12

Transverse foramina protecting the vertebral arteries and veins

Question 13

What is the size and shape of T spine?

Answer 13

Medium sized, heart shaped vertebral bodies

Question 14

What is the size of the vertebral canals of the T spine?

Answer 14

Medium sized vertebral canals

Question 15

Properties of the T spine

Answer 15

• Prominent transverse process with costal facets
• Long spinous processes angulating downwards
• Articulation with ribs

Question 16

What joints does the T spine form?

Answer 16

Form costotransverse and costovertebral joints

Question 17

What structures pass through the anterior sacral foramina?

Answer 17

-Anterior primary branches (rami) of the sacral nerves and lateral sacral arteries and veins

Question 18

What joint is formed when the sacrum articulates with the ilium bones?

Answer 18

-Articulate with ilium bones forming sacroiliac joints

Question 19

Size of cervical

Answer 19

Small

Question 20

Foramina of cervical

Answer 20

One vertebral and two transverse

Question 21

Spinous processes of cervical

Answer 21

Slender, often bifid(C2-C6)

Question 22

Transverse processes of cervical

Answer 22

Small

Question 23

Articular facets for ribs of cervical

Answer 23

Absent

Question 24

Direction of articular facets of cervical(Superior)

Answer 24

Posterosuperior

Question 25

Direction of articular facets of cervical(Inferior)

Answer 25

Anteroinferior

Question 26

Size of the intervertebral discs of the cervical

Answer 26

Thick relative to the size of vertebral bodies

Question 27

Size of thoracic

Answer 27

Medium

Question 28

Foramina of thoracic

Answer 28

One vertebral

Question 29

Spinous process of the thoracic

Answer 29

Long, fairly thick

Question 30

Transverse process of thoracic

Answer 30

Fairly large

Question 31

Articular facets for ribs of thoracic

Answer 31

Present

Question 32

Direction of articular facets of thoracic(Superior)

Answer 32

Posterolateral

Question 33

Direction of articular facets of thoracic(Inferior)

Answer 33

Anteromedial

Question 34

Size of intervertebral discs of thoracic

Answer 34

Thin relative to the size of vertebral bodies

Question 35

Size of lumbar

Answer 35

Large

Question 36

Foramina of lumbar

Answer 36

One vertebral

Question 37

Spinous processes of lumbar

Answer 37

Short, blunt

Question 38

Transverse processes of lumbar

Answer 38

Large and blunt

Question 39

Articular facets for ribs of lumbar

Answer 39

Absent

Question 40

Direction of articular facets of lumbar(Superior)

Answer 40

Medial

Question 41

Direction of articular facets of lumbar(Inferior)

Answer 41

Lateral

Question 42

Size of intervertebral discs of lumbar

Answer 42

thickest

Question 43

What is the zygapophyseal joint?

Answer 43

Zygapophyseal joint is a synovial facet joint between the superior articular process of one vertebra and the inferior process of the vertebrae above it.

Question 44

What is the intervertebral joint?

Answer 44

Intervertebral joints is a cartilaginous joint that allows slight movement of the vertebrae and acts similar to a vertebrae in holding the vertebrae together

Question 45

What is the costovertebral joint?

Answer 45

Costovertebral joint is a synovial plane joint that connects the head of the ribs with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae.

Question 46

What is the pad of fibrocartilage of intervertebral discs attached permanently to?

Answer 46

Pad of fibrocartilage attached permanently to the vertebral bodies

Question 47

What is the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc?

Answer 47

- Tough outer cartilage | - Concentric rings

Question 48

What do the intervertebral discs allow?

Answer 48

Allow movement between vertebrate and shock absorption

Question 49

What are the 3 erector spinae muscles?

Answer 49

- Iliocostalis muscle - Longissimus muscle - Spinalis muscle

Question 50

Layers of the meninges of the spinal cord?

Answer 50

1. Dura mater 2. Arachnoid space 3. Pia mater

Question 51

Path of nerves through vertebrate

Answer 51

- Afferent sensory information arrives via dorsal root ganglion - Transmitted through the dorsal and lateral horn, through the somatic sensory nuclei, visceral sensory nuclei, autonomic efferent nuclei and somatic motor nuclei respectively. - Efferent signals leave through the ventral root to muscles and glands

Question 52

How many nerves does the C spine have?

Answer 52

8 nerves

Question 53

How do the nerves C2-C7 emerge?

Answer 53

Nerves C2-C7 emerge superior to pedicles

Question 54

How do C8 nerves emerge?

Answer 54

Nerve C8 emerges inferior to pedicle to C7 vertebra

Question 55

How do the nerves T1 to coccyx emerge?

Answer 55

Nerves T1 to coccyx emerge inferior to pedicles of their respective vertebrae