Spoken 1-8 Flashcards
你
Nî
You
叫
jiào
To call; to name
什么
shénme
What
名字
míngzi
Name
你好!
你好!
你叫亻十么名字?
我叫大卫
Ni hâo!
Ni hâo!
Ni jiào shénme míngzi?
Wô jiào Dàwèi!
好
Hâo
Good or ok
我
Wô
I
们
我们
你们
他们
Men
(suffix) used after a personal pronoun or noun referring to a person to form a plural
Wômen (we)
Nîmen (they)
Tāmen (them)
姓
Xìng
Surname; family name
呢
ne
{particle} ① (used at the end of a special, alternative, or rhetorical question) ② (used at the end of a declarative sentence to reinforce the assertion) ③ (used at the end of a declarative。
是
Shì
(to be)
Also note:
shì ◆ ① correct; right ② (formal) praise; justify ③ (used in affirmative answers) yes; right ◆ (formal) this; that ◆ ① (used like “be” before nouns or pronouns to identify, describe or amplify the subject) ② (used after nouns denoting place or position to express existence)
人
rén
Person
留
Liú
reside in a foreign country to study
学
Xué
① study; learn ② imitate; mimic ③ learning; knowledge ④ subject of study; branch of learning ⑤ school; college
生
Shēng
① give birth to; bear ② be born; come into existence ③ grow ④ life; living ⑤ alive; living ⑥ be afflicted with; get; have ⑦ light (a fire) ◆ ① unripe; green ② raw; uncooked ③ unprocessed; unrefined; crude ④ unfamiliar; unacq-uainted; strange ⑤ stiff; mechanical ⑥ {adverb} (used before certain words indicating feeling or perception) very; much ◆ ① pupil; student ② intellectual; scholar
留学生
留学
学生
liúxuéshēng
student studying abroad; returned student
liúxué study abroad xuésheng Student
他\她
Ta
She/he
都
Dōu
all {adverb}
i.e.
大家∼到了吗?
Dàjiā ∼ dào le ma?
Is everybody here?
旳
De
{particle}
大家
dàjiā
everybody; all
汉语
语
汉
Hànyǔ
Chinese (language)
yǔ
① language; tongue; words ② speak; say ③ set phrase; proverb; saying ④ nonlinguistic means of communicating ideas; sign; signal
Hàn
① the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. -A.D. 220) ② the Han nationality ③ Chinese (language) ④ (hàn) man ◆ the Milky Way
在
zài
To be; in; at; on
几
Jî
① how many
i.e.
∼点了?
∼ diǎn le?
What’s the time? or What time is it?
你∼号?
Nǐ ∼ hào?
What’s your number?
说∼句话
shuō ∼ jù huà
say a few words
班
bān
① class; team
i.e.
甲∼
jiǎ∼
class A
作业∼
zuòyè∼
work team
早上
zǎoshang
(early) morning
i.e.
∼好。
∼ hǎo.
Good morning.
早
zǎo
① (early) morning ② {adverb} long ago; as early as; for a long time ③ early; in advance; beforehand ④ good morning
上
Shàng
哪
nǎ
◆
① (used in questions) which; what
i.e.
你学的是∼国语言?
Nǐ xué de shì ∼ guó yǔyán?
What foreign language are you studying?
国
guó
① country; nation; state
i.e
大∼
dà∼
a big country
八
bā
• eight
• 8
也
Yê
◆ {adverb}
① also; too; as well; either
你不去, 我∼不去。
Nǐ bù qù, wǒ ∼ bù qù.
If you’re not going, I’m not going either.
我妹妹∼是售货员。
Wǒ mèimei ∼ shì shòuhuòyuán.
My sister is a shop assistant too.
十
shí
• ten
• 10
吗
má
(dialect) what; interrogative particle
你说∼?
Nǐ shuō ∼?
What did you say?
要∼有∼。
Yào ∼ yǒu ∼.
You can have whatever you want.
∼事?
∼ shì?
What’s the matter? or What’s going on?
说
shuō
① speak; talk; say
i.e
他会∼法语。
Tā huì ∼ Fǎyǔ.
He speaks French.
我一∼他就明白了。
Wǒ yī ∼ tā jiù míngbai le.
I told him how and he caught on at once
九
jiǔ
• nine
• 9
不
bù
{adverb}
① (used before verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs; never before 有) not; won’t; not want to
三
sān
• three
• 3
谁
shuí, (or shéi)
① who ② (used in rhetorical questions) who ③ someone; anyone ④ (used before 都 or 也) everyone; anyone ⑤ (repeated in two phrases) whoever ⑥ (used both before and after a verb, indicating that one person does sth. to another
i.e
他是∼?
Tā shì ∼?
Who is he
对
duì
① answer; reply
② right; correct
对大
Duō dà
How old
一
yī
◆
① one
五
wǔ
• five
• 5
二
èr
① two
百
bǎi
• hundred
千
qiān
• thousand
岁
Suì
Years of age
今年
jīnnián
• this year
亻也们
tāmen
• they
美国
Měiguó
• USA
法国
Fǎguó
• France
四
sì
• four
• 4
西班牙文
Xībānyáwén
• Spanish (language)
七
qī
• seven
• 7
早上\ 早晨
zǎoshang\ zǎochen
(early) morning
Note:
上,中,下
shàng, zhong, xià
upper, middle, lower
脕上
wǎnshang
(in the) evening; (at) night
∼好。
∼ hǎo.
Good evening.
wǎn
① evening; night
下午
xiàwǔ
afternoon
i.e.
∼见!
∼ jiàn!
See you in the afternoon!
Note:
上,中、下
shàng, zhong, xià
upper, middle, lower
现在
xiànzài
now; at present; today
上午
shàngwǔ
morning; forenoon
明天
míngtiān
① tomorrow
② the near future
今天
jīntiān
① this day; today
∼是星期天。
∼ shì Xīngqītiān.
Today is Sunday
星期
xīngqī
① week
三个∼
Sān ge ∼
three weeks
② (used before 日, 一, 二, 三, 四, 五, 六, 几) day of the week
今天∼几?
Jīntiān ∼ jǐ?
What day (of the week) is it today?
六
liù
• six
• 6
点
diǎn
◆
① o’clock
上午九∼钟
Shàngwǔ jiǔ ∼ zhōng
nine o’clock in the morning
现在几∼了?
Xiànzài jǐ ∼ le?
What time is it now?
半
bàn
① half; semi-
∼小时
∼ xiǎoshí
half an hour
一个∼月
yī ge ∼ yuè
a month and a half; one and a half months
在
zài
① be at, in or on (a place)
你的钢笔∼桌子上呢。
Nǐ de gāngbǐ ∼ zhuōzi shàng ne.
Your pen is on the table.
他∼家, 不∼这儿。
Tā ∼ jiā, bù ∼ zhèr.
He’s at home, not here.
你去那儿找他, 他准∼。
Nǐ qù nàr zhǎo tā, tā zhǔn ∼.
Go and see him; he must be there.
② exist; be alive
没
méi
◆ (informal)
① not have; there is not; be without
他还∼女朋友。
Tā hái ∼ nǚpéngyou.
He doesn’t have a girlfriend yet.
这儿∼人。
Zhèr ∼ rén.
There’s nobody here.
她∼钱了。
Tā ∼ qián le.
She has no more money.
② be not so… as
我∼你高。
Wǒ ∼ nǐ gāo.
I’m not so tall as you.
③ less than; not more than
我家里∼多大地方。
Wǒ jiālǐ ∼ duō dà dìfang.
There isn’t much space in my home.
◆ {adverb} (informal) have not or did not
他来∼来?——还∼来呢。
Tā lái ∼ lái? —— hái ∼ lái ne.
Has he come yet?–Not yet.
她三天∼来了。
Tā sān tiān ∼ lái le.
She hasn’t been here for three days
有
yǒu
① have; possess
我∼一个弟弟。
Wǒ ∼ yī ge dìdi.
I have a younger brother.
没有
méi·yǒu
◆
① not have; there is not; be without
课
kè
◆
① class
我们星期六下午没∼。
Wǒmen Xīngqīliù xiàwǔ méi ∼.
We don’t have any classes on Saturday afternoon
③ lesson
第一∼
Dì-yī ∼
Lesson One
上课
shàngkè
① attend class; go to class
你昨天怎么没来∼?
Nǐ zuótiān zěnme méi lái ∼?
Why didn’t you come to class yesterday?
今天下午我们不∼。
Jīntiān xiàwǔ wǒmen bù ∼.
We have no classes this afternoon.
从…到
cóng…dào…
from… to…
从上到下
cóngshàngdàoxià
from top to bottom; from the higher levels to the grass roots
从早到晚
cóngzǎodàowǎn
from dawn to dusk; from morning till night
分
fēn
① minute, equal to one sixtieth of an hour
差
chā
① difference; dissimilarity
差十分九点
chā shí fēn jiû diân
10 minutes to 9:00
两
liǎng
◆
① (used before measure words and before 半, 千, 万, and 亿) two
∼匹马
∼ pǐ mǎ
two horses
∼个半月
∼ ge bàn yuè
two and a half months
∼千元
∼qiān yuán
two thousand yuan
∼亿∼千万
∼yì ∼qiān wàn
two hundred and twenty million
② both (sides); either (side)
∼利
∼lì
benefit both; be good for both sides
∼不吃亏。
∼ bù chīkuī.
Neither side suffers any loss.
该
gāi
It’s time for ….
了
le
{particle}
① (used after a verb to indicate the completion of an action, at a point in the past or before the beginning of another action)
我吃∼三碗饭。
Wǒ chī ∼ sān wǎn fàn.
I ate three bowls of rice.
水位低∼两米。
Shuǐwèi dī ∼ liǎng mǐ.
The water level fell by two metres.
我教∼三十年的书。
Wǒ jiāo ∼ sānshí nián de shū.
I taught for 30 years.
② (used at the end of a sentence, usu. after 了 for completed action, to indicate that something has taken place)
我吃了三碗饭∼。
Wǒ chī le sān wǎn fàn ∼.
I have eaten three bowls of rice.
我教书教了三十年∼。
Wǒ jiāoshū jiāo le sānshí nián ∼.
I’ve been teaching for 30 years.
③ (used at the end of a sentence to indicate a change of situation or state, whether actual or envisaged)
他胖∼。
Tā pàng ∼.
He’s got fat.
东西贵∼。
Dōngxi guì ∼.
Things have gone up. or Things are expensive now.
下雨∼。
Xiàyǔ ∼.
It’s raining.
他不是我的英语老师∼。
Tā bù shì wǒ de Yīngyǔ lǎoshī ∼.
He’s no longer my English teacher.
今天去不成∼。
Jīntiān qù bù chéng ∼.
We can’t go today. (Before the situation had changed, we thought we could go.)
我喝了五杯了, 不能再喝∼。
Wǒ hē le wǔ bēi le, bùnéng zài hē ∼.
I have drunk five glasses and can’t drink any more.
你早来一天就见着他∼。
Nǐ zǎo lái yī tiān jiù jiàn zhe tā ∼.
You would have seen him if you’d come a day sooner.
④ (used after an adjective, with or without 太 “too”, to express an excessive degree, i.e. to indicate that something has gone to the extreme)
这种工作太累∼。
Zhèzhǒng gōngzuò tài lèi ∼.
This job is too fatiguing.
他现在太老∼, 不能工作了。
Tā xiànzài tài lǎo ∼, bù néng gōngzuò le.
He’s too old now, he can’t work any more.
袖子长∼。
Xiùzi cháng ∼.
The sleeves are too long.
汤咸∼。
Tāng xián ∼.
The soup is too salty.
⑤ (used in commands or requests in response to a changed situation)
吃饭∼!
Chīfàn ∼!
Let’s eat now.
别说话∼!
Bié shuōhuà ∼!
Stop talking!
走∼, 走∼, 不能再等∼!
Zǒu ∼, zǒu ∼, bùnéng zài děng ∼!
Let’s go. We can’t wait any longer.
再见
zàijiàn
goodbye; see you again
口语
kǒuyǔ
① spoken language
② (formal) slander; calumny
刻
kè
① quarter (of an hour)
五点一∼
Wǔ diǎn yī ∼
a quarter past five
钱
qián
◆
①
money
这个多少∼?
Zhège duōshao ∼?
How much is this?
④ (Qián) a surname
多少
Duōshao
① how many; how much
这一班有∼学生?
Zhè yī bān yǒu ∼ xuésheng?
How many pupils are there in this class?
手表
shǒubiǎo
• wrist watch
M: kuài [块], zhī [只], gè [个]
中文
Zhōngwén
• Chinese
• Chinese written language
时间
shíjiān
• time
• period
听力
tīnglì
• hearing
• listening ability
汉字
Hànzì
• Chinese character
下课
xiàkè
• to finish class
• to get out of class
Note:opposite to 上课 (Shangke)
吃饭
chīfàn
• to eat a meal
起床
qǐchuáng
• to get out of bed
• to get up
睡觉
shuìjiào
• to go to bed
• to sleep
哪儿
nǎr
• where?
• wherever
• anywhere
请问
qǐngwèn
• Excuse me, may I ask…
这儿
zhèr
• here
学生
xuésheng
• student
谢谢
xièxie
• to thank
• thanks
不用
bùyòng
• need not
那儿
nàr
• there
边
biān
Suffix of a noun of locality
- side
- edge
- margin
- border
- boundary
宿舍
sùshè
hostel; living quarters; dormitory
学生∼
xuésheng ∼
students’ hostel (or dormitory)
职工∼
zhígōng ∼
living quarters for staff and worker
旁边
pángbiān
side
我坐在他∼。
Wǒ zuò zài tā ∼.
I sat by his side.
∼有一棵树。
∼ yǒu yī kē shù.
There is a tree nearby.
厕所
cèsuǒ
lavatory; toilet; W.C
这个
zhège
① this one; this
右边
yòubian the right (or right-hand) side; the right
那几
nàge
• that one
• also pr. [nèi ge]
左边
zuǒbian
• left
• the left side
• to the left of
这
zhè
• this
• these
学校
xuéxiào
school; educational institution
很
hěn
{adverb} very; very much; quite
大
dà
◆
① big; large; great
地方
dìfang
① place; space; room
你是什么∼人?
Nǐ shì shénme ∼ rén?
Where are you from?
这张桌子太占∼。
Zhè zhāng zhuōzi tài zhàn ∼.
That desk takes up too much space (or room).
给钢琴腾出∼
Gěi gāngqín téngchū ∼
make room for the piano
我这个∼有点疼。
Wǒ zhège ∼ yǒu diǎn téng.
I’ve got a pain here
那
nà
◆ that
∼老头儿
∼ lǎotóur
that old man
∼时候
∼ shíhou
at that time
∼两棵树
∼ liǎng kē shù
those two trees
∼是我的错。
∼ shì wǒ de cuò.
That was my fault.
∼是谁?
∼ shì shuí?
Who is that?
小
xiǎo
① small; little; petty; minor
∼屋
∼wū
a small room or house
∼河
∼hé
a small river
∼姑娘
∼gūniang
a little girl
∼国
∼guó
a small country
∼事
∼shì
a small matter
∼问题
∼ wèntí
a minor question
多
duō
◆
① many; much; more
很∼人
hěn ∼ rén
many people
请∼∼帮助。
Qǐng ∼ bāngzhù.
Please give me all the help you can.
∼思。
∼ sī.
Think more.
我在那儿∼住了几天。
Wǒ zài nàr ∼ zhù le jǐ tiān.
I stayed there a few days longer.
这样简单∼了。
Zhèyàng jiǎndān ∼ le.
This is much simpler.
男
nán
◆
① man; male
女
nǚ
① woman; female
∼教师
∼jiàoshī
woman teacher
∼医生
∼yīshēng
woman doctor
∼售货员
∼shòuhuòyuán
saleswoman
笔
bǐ
① pen, pencil or writing brush
一枝∼
yī zhī ∼
a pen or pencil
Measure word: 吱(zhī)
• branch
• classifier for sticks, rods, pencils et
书
shū
① book
下边
xiàbian (xiamian)
① below; under; underneath
一共
yīgòng
{adverb} altogether; in all; all told
∼二十个。
∼ èrshí ge.
There are twenty in all (or all told).
∼多少人?
∼ duōshao rén?
How many are there altogether?
多少
duōshao
① how many; how much
这一班有∼学生?
Zhè yī bān yǒu ∼ xuésheng?
How many pupils are there in this class?
这药我每次吃∼?
Zhè yào wǒ měi cì chī ∼?
How much of the medicine do I take each time?
这里的粮食亩产量是∼?
Zhèlǐ de liángshi mǔchǎnliàng shì ∼?
What is the per mu yield of grain here?
② (expressing an unspecified amount or number)
我跟你说过不知∼次了。
Wǒ gēn nǐ shuō guò bù zhī ∼ cì le.
I’ve told you I don’t know how many times.
我知道∼说∼。
Wǒ zhīdao ∼ shuō ∼.
I’ll tell all I know.
不论有∼困难, 都不能阻止我们前进。
Bùlùn yǒu ∼ kùnnan, dōu bù néng zǔzhǐ wǒmen qiánjìn.
No matter what the difficulties, nothing can stop our advance.
钱
qián
◆ ① copper coin; cash ② money ③ fund; sum ④ (Qián) a surname ◆ qian, currently called 市钱 shìqián, a traditional unit of weight
服务员
fúwùyuán
attendant
要
yao
① want; ask for; wish; desire
他∼一架手风琴。
Tā ∼ yī jià shǒufēngqín.
He wants an accordion.
这双鞋我还∼呢。
Zhè shuāng xié wǒ hái∼ ne.
I want to keep these shoes.
中国∼和平, 不∼战争。
Zhōngguó ∼ hépíng, bù ∼ zhànzhēng.
China wants peace, not war.
谁没有票, 问她∼。
Shuí méi yǒu piào, wèn tā ∼.
Anyone without a ticket can ask her for one.
我∼了两个菜。
Wǒ ∼ le liǎng ge cài.
I ordered two dishes.
② ask (or want) sb. to do sth.
老大爷∼我替他写封信。
Lǎodàye ∼ wǒ tì tā xiě fēng xìn.
The old man asked me to write a letter for him.
班长∼我们五点以前归队。
Bānzhǎng ∼ wǒmen wǔ diǎn yǐqián guīduì.
The squad leader told us to get back before five o’clock.
不是你∼我来的吗?
Bù shì nǐ ∼ wǒ lái de ma?
Wasn’t it you who asked me to come?
③ want to; wish to
这位先生∼见总经理。
Zhè wèi xiānsheng ∼ jiàn zǒngjīnglǐ.
This gentleman wishes to see the general manager.
我还有几句话∼说。
Wǒ háiyǒu jǐ jù huà ∼ shuō.
I’d like to say a few more words.
他∼学游泳。
Tā ∼ xué yóuyǒng.
He wants to learn swimming
哪个
nǎge
① which
你们是∼班的?
Nǐmen shì ∼ bān de?
Which class are you in?
② (dialect) who
∼在打电话?
∼ zài dǎ diànhuà?
Who’s using the telephone?
菜
dish; course
一道∼
yī dào ∼
a course
块
Kuài (yuán)
The basic unit of RMB
③ {measure word} inf. (for gold or silver dollars, Renminbi, and certain paper money)
三∼钱
sān ∼ qián
three yuan
毛
Mao(jiâo)
◆ (informal) mao, a fractional unit of money in China (=1/10 yuan 元 or 10 fen 分)
还
Hai
also; too; as well; in addition
我们不但要提高产量, ∼要保证质量。
Wǒmen bùdàn yào tígāo chǎnliàng, ∼ yào bǎozhèng zhìliàng.
We want not only to increase the quantity of products, but also to ensure the quality.
这本书我∼想看一遍。
Zhè běn shū wǒ ∼ xiǎng kàn yī biàn.
I want to read the book once more.
hái
{adverb}
still; yet
夜深了, 他∼在学习。
Yèshēn le, tā ∼ zài xuéxí.
It was late at night and he was still studying.
∼有一些具体问题要解决。
∼yǒu yīxiē jùtǐ wèntí yào jiějué.
Some specific problems have yet to be solved.
我们∼没有开始。
Wǒmen ∼ méiyǒu kāishǐ.
We haven’t started yet.
那边
nàbian
• over there
四
si
4
1-买
2-卖
1- mǎi
• to buy
• to purchase
2- se l l
种
zhǒng
• classifier: type, kind, sort
自行车
zixingche
Bicycle