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Dermatology > Spot diagnosis > Flashcards

Spot diagnosis Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Punched out ulcer - due to PVD - Check ABPI & treat underlying cause

A

Arterial leg ulcer

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2
Q

Wet ulcer with sloping edges over the medial malleolus - due to venous insufficiency –> compress

A

Venous leg ulcer

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3
Q

Red weals due to mast cell degranulation –> chronic/acute, spontaneous or induced –> may lead to anaphylaxis

A

Urticaria

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4
Q

Autosomal dominant mutation of the TSc-1/TSc2 gene - variable penetrance
- Mental retardation, ash leaf spots & growths - treat growths

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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5
Q

TSST-1 superantigen - s.pyogenes & s.aureus - activates 1:5 T-cells - treat for sepsis

A

Toxic shock syndrome

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6
Q

Drug reaction causing skin blistering - Can lead to skin failure - supportive treatment

A

Toxic Epidermal necrolysis/sjs

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7
Q

Fungal infection - seen under woods lamp - ketrazole

A

Tinea (Ringworm)

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8
Q

Skin cancer - red patch that grows superficially - remove

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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9
Q

Pedunculated skin growth - remove or leave

A

Skin tag

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10
Q

Cradle cap - eczema in sebaceous areas - keratolytics

A

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

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11
Q

Insect infestation - itchy and easily spread permethrin cream

A

Scabies

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12
Q

Erythematous rash with pustules & rhinopyema –> skin protection & hydroquine

A

Rosacea

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13
Q

HLA-B27 - descrete red patch with silver scales

Emolients, steroids, coaltar, uvb, keratolytics

A

Psoriasis

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14
Q

Hypotension, fever, fatigue, rash

A

Presentations of systemic bacterial infection

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15
Q

Fungal infection - looks like vitiligo -

A

Pityriasis vesicolor

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16
Q

Fitzpatrick scale - UVA & B most damaging

A

Photosensitivity

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17
Q

Bullous blistering condition - seen on skin and mucous membranes - anti-desmoglinin 1 & 3 - steroids

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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18
Q

Deeper AI disease of the elderly - anti-desmoglinin 3 - steroids

A

Pemphigoid

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19
Q

Lots of little warts due to poxvirus - will clear up alone

A

Molluscum contagiosum, Orf and Milker’s nodule

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20
Q

dark lesion –> cancer –> ABCDE

A

Melanoma

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21
Q

Benign collection of melanocytes in the skin

A

Melanocytic naevi (moles)

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22
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi - targer shaped lesion

A

Lyme disease

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23
Q

Red rash with lacy top - corticosteroids

A

Lichen Planus and other lichenoid eruptions

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24
Q

Lots of brown spots - seen in paul-jheutz

A

Lentigines

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25
Dermatitis in places of use - consider occupation - emollients & steroids
Irritant dermatitis
26
Golden crusty rash around childrens mouths - s.aureus - fusic acid
Impetigo
27
AI disease of hypopigmentation --> kobner effect seen
Vitilligo
28
Cold sore - topical aciclovir | Can infect eczema and cause an emergency
Herpes simplex virus
29
Eczema infected with HSV - emergency - treat with aciclovir
Eczema herpeticum
30
Fungal infection
Dermatophyte infection
31
Erythmatous, itchy rash over childs body - seen in cluster outbreaks - paracetamol & calmine lotion
Chicken pox
32
Reactivation of VZV - dermatomal pattern - burning rash --> blisters
Shingles
33
Pre-ssc lesion usually seen on the leg - cryotherapy or topical FU-5
Bowens disease
34
Blue birthmark seen on far eastern children - resolves age 5
Blue naevi
35
Most common form of skin cancer - rodent cell ulcer - pearly nodule with central ulceration & rolled edges - constant sun exposure
Basal Cell Carcinoma
36
Eczema linked with hayfever & asthma
Atopic Dermatitis
37
Pre-ssc seen on head - cryotherapy of topical 5-fu
Actinic keratosis
38
Pustules & comodones - p.acnes causes inflammation of sebaceous glands - treat with topical retinoids, BPO, oral contraceptives & isotretanoin
Acne
39
``` Asymmetry Boarders Colour Diameter Evolution ```
Evaluation of malignant melanoma
40
the most common sub-type resulting in the typical well-demarcated red, scaly patches affecting the extensor surfaces, sacrum and scalp
Plaque psoriasis
41
transient psoriatic rash frequently triggered by a streptococcal infection. Multiple red, teardrop lesions appear on the body
Guttate psoriasis
42
Prognostic consideration - from prickle layer --> deepest layer
Breslows thickness
43
Actinic keratoses are discrete, dry, rough, adherent scaly lesions that can be single or multiple and occur in sun exposed areas.
Actinic keratosis
44
Treatment options fo actinic keratosis
Observation, cryotherapy, Topical 5-FU, Currettage & cautery, Imiquimod, Diclofenac gel, Photodynamic therapy
45
Scattered discrete patches of eczema - any age or gender - topical steroids
Discoid eczema
46
Treatment for discoid eczema
Emollients, antibiotics, oral antihistamines, phototherapy, systemic steroids
47
Dermatophyte infection - flat red patch on skin - skin scrapings & anti-fungal needed
Tinea corporis
48
AR - nucleotide excision repair - Children must avoid the sun
Xeroderma pigmentosa
49
Full thickness ulcer - inflammatory (steroid treatment) - associations - IDB, Arthritis, some haemological disorders
Pyoderma gangrenosum
50
Mutation in porphobiligen deaminase - acute abdo pain, port wine coloured urine, Psych issues & polyneuropathy
Acute intermittent porphoria - build up of porphobilinogen and aminolevulinic acid
51
Alcohol, CYP450 inducing drugs, starvation
Acute intermittent porphoria triggers
52
Give hemin
Acute intermittent porphoria treatment
53
Chocolate button wart with stuck on appearance - no treatment needed - seen in older people
Basal Cell Papilloma (Seborrhoeic Wart)
54
S.aureus & s.pyogenes infection of deep dermis & hypodermis - diffuse erythmatous area - seen in diabetics
Cellulitis
55
Superficial skin infection - S.pyogenes - well demarcated erythmatous lesion
Eryspielas
56
Lesions on lower limbs - red brown nodules
Dermatofibroma
57
6+ cafe au late spots Leich spots Neurofibromas Scoliosis
Neurofibromatosis type 1
58
acoustic neuromas (usually bilateral) in 90% meningiomas gliomas (including optic nerve glioma) cutaneous neurofibromas (30%).
Neurofibromatosis type 2
59
Stuck on apperance
Basal cell papilloma
60
Pearly border, rodent ulcer
BCC - Most common
61
IgA rash seen on the flexure surfaces in coeliac disease
Dermatitis herpetiformis
62
Causes of erythema nodosum
Sarcoidosis, IBD, TB, OCP
63
Silver scales on extensor surfaces - Auspitz sign positive
Common plaque psoriasis - hyperkeratosis
64
Cauliflower apperance
Plantar warts caused by HPV - self clearing
65
Intense erythema on cheeks
Slapped cheek syndrome - parovirus b19
66
Small, umbilicated, translucent papules that look fluid-filled but are solid
Poxvirus - no treatment needed
67
Flaccid blisters than can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions
Pemphigus Vulgaris - anti-desmoglen 1&3 - oral involvement
68
Large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst
Bullous Pemphigoid
69
Heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles (Gottorn’s papule)
Dermatomyositis - inflammation of the outer cover of muscle - perimysial layer
70
Fish scale skin
Ichythyosis
71
Velvety thickened lesions in axillae
acanthosis nigricans, Insulin resistance

Dermatology (1 decks)

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