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Dermatology > Spot diagnosis > Flashcards

Spot diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

Punched out ulcer - due to PVD - Check ABPI & treat underlying cause

A

Arterial leg ulcer

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2
Q

Wet ulcer with sloping edges over the medial malleolus - due to venous insufficiency –> compress

A

Venous leg ulcer

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3
Q

Red weals due to mast cell degranulation –> chronic/acute, spontaneous or induced –> may lead to anaphylaxis

A

Urticaria

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4
Q

Autosomal dominant mutation of the TSc-1/TSc2 gene - variable penetrance
- Mental retardation, ash leaf spots & growths - treat growths

A

Tuberous sclerosis

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5
Q

TSST-1 superantigen - s.pyogenes & s.aureus - activates 1:5 T-cells - treat for sepsis

A

Toxic shock syndrome

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6
Q

Drug reaction causing skin blistering - Can lead to skin failure - supportive treatment

A

Toxic Epidermal necrolysis/sjs

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7
Q

Fungal infection - seen under woods lamp - ketrazole

A

Tinea (Ringworm)

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8
Q

Skin cancer - red patch that grows superficially - remove

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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9
Q

Pedunculated skin growth - remove or leave

A

Skin tag

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10
Q

Cradle cap - eczema in sebaceous areas - keratolytics

A

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

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11
Q

Insect infestation - itchy and easily spread permethrin cream

A

Scabies

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12
Q

Erythematous rash with pustules & rhinopyema –> skin protection & hydroquine

A

Rosacea

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13
Q

HLA-B27 - descrete red patch with silver scales

Emolients, steroids, coaltar, uvb, keratolytics

A

Psoriasis

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14
Q

Hypotension, fever, fatigue, rash

A

Presentations of systemic bacterial infection

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15
Q

Fungal infection - looks like vitiligo -

A

Pityriasis vesicolor

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16
Q

Fitzpatrick scale - UVA & B most damaging

A

Photosensitivity

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17
Q

Bullous blistering condition - seen on skin and mucous membranes - anti-desmoglinin 1 & 3 - steroids

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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18
Q

Deeper AI disease of the elderly - anti-desmoglinin 3 - steroids

A

Pemphigoid

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19
Q

Lots of little warts due to poxvirus - will clear up alone

A

Molluscum contagiosum, Orf and Milker’s nodule

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20
Q

dark lesion –> cancer –> ABCDE

A

Melanoma

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21
Q

Benign collection of melanocytes in the skin

A

Melanocytic naevi (moles)

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22
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi - targer shaped lesion

A

Lyme disease

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23
Q

Red rash with lacy top - corticosteroids

A

Lichen Planus and other lichenoid eruptions

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24
Q

Lots of brown spots - seen in paul-jheutz

A

Lentigines

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25
Q

Dermatitis in places of use - consider occupation - emollients & steroids

A

Irritant dermatitis

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26
Q

Golden crusty rash around childrens mouths - s.aureus - fusic acid

A

Impetigo

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27
Q

AI disease of hypopigmentation –> kobner effect seen

A

Vitilligo

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28
Q

Cold sore - topical aciclovir

Can infect eczema and cause an emergency

A

Herpes simplex virus

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29
Q

Eczema infected with HSV - emergency - treat with aciclovir

A

Eczema herpeticum

30
Q

Fungal infection

A

Dermatophyte infection

31
Q

Erythmatous, itchy rash over childs body - seen in cluster outbreaks - paracetamol & calmine lotion

A

Chicken pox

32
Q

Reactivation of VZV - dermatomal pattern - burning rash –> blisters

A

Shingles

33
Q

Pre-ssc lesion usually seen on the leg - cryotherapy or topical FU-5

A

Bowens disease

34
Q

Blue birthmark seen on far eastern children - resolves age 5

A

Blue naevi

35
Q

Most common form of skin cancer - rodent cell ulcer - pearly nodule with central ulceration & rolled edges - constant sun exposure

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

36
Q

Eczema linked with hayfever & asthma

A

Atopic Dermatitis

37
Q

Pre-ssc seen on head - cryotherapy of topical 5-fu

A

Actinic keratosis

38
Q

Pustules & comodones - p.acnes causes inflammation of sebaceous glands - treat with topical retinoids, BPO, oral contraceptives & isotretanoin

A

Acne

39
Q 
Asymmetry
Boarders
Colour
Diameter
Evolution
A

Evaluation of malignant melanoma

40
Q

the most common sub-type resulting in the typical well-demarcated red, scaly patches affecting the extensor surfaces, sacrum and scalp

A

Plaque psoriasis

41
Q

transient psoriatic rash frequently triggered by a streptococcal infection. Multiple red, teardrop lesions appear on the body

A

Guttate psoriasis

42
Q

Prognostic consideration - from prickle layer –> deepest layer

A

Breslows thickness

43
Q

Actinic keratoses are discrete, dry, rough, adherent scaly lesions that can be single or multiple and occur in sun exposed areas.

A

Actinic keratosis

44
Q

Treatment options fo actinic keratosis

A

Observation, cryotherapy, Topical 5-FU, Currettage & cautery, Imiquimod, Diclofenac gel, Photodynamic therapy

45
Q

Scattered discrete patches of eczema - any age or gender - topical steroids

A

Discoid eczema

46
Q

Treatment for discoid eczema

A

Emollients, antibiotics, oral antihistamines, phototherapy, systemic steroids

47
Q

Dermatophyte infection - flat red patch on skin - skin scrapings & anti-fungal needed

A

Tinea corporis

48
Q

AR - nucleotide excision repair - Children must avoid the sun

A

Xeroderma pigmentosa

49
Q

Full thickness ulcer - inflammatory (steroid treatment) - associations - IDB, Arthritis, some haemological disorders

A

Pyoderma gangrenosum

50
Q

Mutation in porphobiligen deaminase - acute abdo pain, port wine coloured urine, Psych issues & polyneuropathy

A

Acute intermittent porphoria - build up of porphobilinogen and aminolevulinic acid

51
Q

Alcohol, CYP450 inducing drugs, starvation

A

Acute intermittent porphoria triggers

52
Q

Give hemin

A

Acute intermittent porphoria treatment

53
Q

Chocolate button wart with stuck on appearance - no treatment needed - seen in older people

A

Basal Cell Papilloma (Seborrhoeic Wart)

54
Q

S.aureus & s.pyogenes infection of deep dermis & hypodermis - diffuse erythmatous area - seen in diabetics

A

Cellulitis

55
Q

Superficial skin infection - S.pyogenes - well demarcated erythmatous lesion

A

Eryspielas

56
Q

Lesions on lower limbs - red brown nodules

A

Dermatofibroma

57
Q

6+ cafe au late spots
Leich spots
Neurofibromas
Scoliosis

A

Neurofibromatosis type 1

58
Q

acoustic neuromas (usually bilateral) in 90%
meningiomas
gliomas (including optic nerve glioma)
cutaneous neurofibromas (30%).

A

Neurofibromatosis type 2

59
Q

Stuck on apperance

A

Basal cell papilloma

60
Q

Pearly border, rodent ulcer

A

BCC - Most common

61
Q

IgA rash seen on the flexure surfaces in coeliac disease

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

62
Q

Causes of erythema nodosum

A

Sarcoidosis, IBD, TB, OCP

63
Q

Silver scales on extensor surfaces - Auspitz sign positive

A

Common plaque psoriasis - hyperkeratosis

64
Q

Cauliflower apperance

A

Plantar warts caused by HPV - self clearing

65
Q

Intense erythema on cheeks

A

Slapped cheek syndrome - parovirus b19

66
Q

Small, umbilicated, translucent papules that look fluid-filled but are solid

A

Poxvirus - no treatment needed

67
Q

Flaccid blisters than can be burst easily to form erythematous erosions

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris - anti-desmoglen 1&3 - oral involvement

68
Q

Large tense bullae that are itchy and cannot be burst

A

Bullous Pemphigoid

69
Q

Heliotrope rash and scaly knuckles (Gottorn’s papule)

A

Dermatomyositis - inflammation of the outer cover of muscle - perimysial layer

70
Q

Fish scale skin

A

Ichythyosis

71
Q

Velvety thickened lesions in axillae

A

acanthosis nigricans, Insulin resistance

Dermatology (1 decks)

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