Stress

Question 1

What are the three main explanations of stress?

Answer 1

1. biological
2. psychological
3. social

Question 2

What are the two biological theories of illness?

Answer 2

1. Somatic weakness theory

2. Specific reaction theory

Question 3

how do the two biological theories of illness differ?

Answer 3

the somatic weakness theory maintains that stress results from a particular organ weakness and it’s illness, whereas the specific reaction theory explains illness as a result of stress.

Question 4

How might we assess biological stress?

Answer 4

through measuring heart rate, blood pressure, skin conductance, cortisol levels

Question 5

Which hormones play a role in biological stress?

Answer 5

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol (HPA axis - hypothalamus Pituitary adrenal)

Question 6

How might we assess psychological stress?

Answer 6

4 scales/surveys: Seriously, lesbians hadhus

1. Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
2. Life Experience Scale (LES)
3. Assessment of Daily Experiences (ADE)
4. Daily Hassles and Uplifts Scale

Question 7

What are the theories of illness within the psychological approach ?

Answer 7

1. Psychoanalytic theory (psychophysiological disorders being the result of unconscious emotional states)
2. Cognitive Factor (parasympathetic/sympathetic activation of stressors is caused by appraisal of situation)

Question 8

What are 2 examples of coping mechanisms proposed by socialists? Which hypothesis helps to utilize the correct mechanism for the right problem?

Answer 8

1. Problem-focused coping
2. emotion-focused coping

*the Goodness of fit hypothesis matches response and problem

Question 9

What may be used to assess sociological stress?

Answer 9

brief COPE questionnaire, asking respondents to indicate TO WHAT EXTENT they utilize each coping strategy

Question 10

What are the 4 different types of social supports?

Answer 10

SEFI supplies all support

1. Social support
2. emotional support
3. functional support
4. instrumental support

Question 11

What are the 4 types of positive social support

Answer 11

• if you’ve got this social support you’re living in BISS*
  1. Belonging
  2. Inner locus of control
  3. Security
  4. Self-esteem

Question 12

How might stress affect the immune system?

Answer 12

Stress decreases the amount of antibodies which could increase likelihood of infection

Question 13

What are the 3 stages of stress adaptation

Answer 13

General Adaptation Syndrome ARE

1. Alarm
2. Resistance
3. Exhaustion

Question 14

What is the diasthesis for Coronary heart disease

Answer 14

A combination of biological and psychological factors.
Bio: high blood pressure, age, sex, smoking, alcoholism, diabetes, HPA axis reactivity…
Psychological: type A behavior: intense, competitive
Type D: worst prognosis after heart attack, distressed, pessimistic

Question 15

What are the two variables in Karasek’s Job Strain model

Answer 15

Regards the effect of psychological demands as decision latitude changes on learning vs stress

Question 16

what are some consequences of Job strain

Answer 16

job spillover, job burnout, vital exahustion

Question 17

What are a few key effects of sleep, and it’s deprivation

Answer 17

need for: decreasing allostatic load and cortisol

deprivation: memory issues, high blood pressure, decision problems, mood changes, weakened immunity weight gain