[stroke] Flashcards
1
Q
A
Endocarditis
AF
MI
Prosthetic valves
2
Q
[stroke]: Where in the brain does a ‘watershed/boundary zone’ stroke occur (not a brain area )
A
Infarct in the area between the supply of two arteries (i.e. decreased blood supply).
3
Q
[stroke]: When does a ‘watershed/boundary zone’ stroke occur
A
Sharp drop in BP (sepsis)
4
Q
A
CADASIL
5
Q
A
Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts & leucoencephalopthy
6
Q
A
NOTCH3
7
Q
A
Carotid artery
8
Q
A
Carotid bruit
high homocysteine
Syphilis
increased clotting
9
Q
A
Lacunar
Brainstem
10
Q
A
Basal ganglia
internal capsule
Thalamus
Pons
11
Q
A
Consciousness/cognition is unaffected
12
Q
A
Brainstem
13
Q
A
Brainstem
14
Q
A
ABBC TNA
Airway BP, pulse, ECG Blood glucose (4-11) CT/MRI (urgent) Thrombolysis NBM Antiplatelet
15
Q
A
Aortic dissection
encephalopathy
16
Q
A
4.5 hrs
17
Q
A
Alteplase (tissue plasminogen activator)
18
Q
A
Major infarct/haemorrhage on CT Neuro-deficit recent birth/surgery/trauma/uncompressible puncture AVM/aneurysm Previous CNS bleeds Anticoagulants/ seizures
19
Q
A
1.7
20
Q
A
> 220/130
21
Q
A
<100
22
Q
A
post. cerebral
23
Q
A
anterior cerebral
middle cerebral
24
Q
A
Medial
frontal
25
[stroke]: The medial and frontal cerebral cortices are concerned with contralateral ... and ... (if slightly milder)
leg
| arm
26
[stroke]: If the legs of a patient are affected but the face is spared which artery is likely to be affected.
Anterior cerebral
27
[stroke]: Akinetic mutism describes a lack of movement and speaking. It can be caused by damage to the cingulate gyrus. .... is the location of the infarct.
Bilateral ant. cerebral artery
28
[stroke]: Contralateral hemiparesis/hemisensory loss, especially of face and arms indicates the ... is infarcted.
Middle cerebral
29
[stroke]: the middle cerebral artery supplies the optic radiation. What might and infarct cause.
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia.
30
[stroke]: Middle cerebral artery infarct on the dominant side of the brain is associated with ...
Dysphasia (disorder of language)
31
[stroke]: Middle cerebral artery infarct on the non-dominant side of the brain is associated with ...
visuo-spatial disorders (gets lost/ cannot dress)
32
[stroke]: Why with a posterior cerebral artery infarct do you get homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing
Macula receives collateral blood supply from the middle cerebral artery.
33
[stroke]: the brainstem is supplied by which arterial system
Vertebro-basilar (i.e. not carotid)
34
[stroke]: Damage to the ventral pons can be casued by infarct of which artery
Pontine
35
[stroke]: infarct of the pontine artery causes ... syndrome due to ischaemia of ventral pons.
Locked in
36
[stroke]: Ischaemia of the lateral medulla and the inferior cerebellum is caused by reduced flow through which 2 arteries
vertebral
| posterior inferior cerebellar
37
[stroke]: How does lateral medullary syndrome present
```
vertigo
vomiting
dysphagia
ipsilateral ataxia
soft palate paralysis
ipsilateral horners
analgesia ipsilateral on face, contra on body.
```
38
[stroke]: What arteries are implicated in lateral medullary syndrome (2)
one vertebral
| posterior inferior cerebellar
39
[stroke]: If BP differs by >20mmHg in each arm what might you suspect
subclavian artery stenosis
40
[stroke]: If brain ischaemia is related to use of the pts arm which syndrome might be present
Subclavian steal syndrome
41
[stroke]: Retrograde flow of blood down the vertebral artery into arm due to subclavian stenosis is called
Subclavian steal syndrome
