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Cell Vocab > Structure and Function > Flashcards

Structure and Function Flashcards

1
Q

the theory that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms and that cells come only from existing cells

A

Cell Theory

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2
Q

one of several formed bodies with a specialized function that is suspended in the cytoplasm and found in eukaryotic cells

A

Organelles

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3
Q

the lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell

A

Cell Membrane

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4
Q

the organelle that contains most of the DNA and directs most of the cell’s activities

A

Nucleus

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5
Q

a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

A

Eukaryotes

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6
Q

a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryotes

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7
Q

a membrane that keeps out some molecules but allows others to pass through

A

Selectively Permeable

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8
Q

a protein imbedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane

A

Peripheral Protiens

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9
Q

a protein imbedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane

A

Integral Proteins

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10
Q

a model of cell membrane structure representing the dynamic nature of lipids and protiens

A

Fluid Mosaic Model

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11
Q

the region of a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q

the gelatin-like aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane

A

Cytosol

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13
Q

an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that function in energy production

A

Mitochondria

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14
Q

a fold of the inner membrane of mitocindria

A

Cristae

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15
Q

an organelle that functions n the synthesis of proteins

A

Ribosomes

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16
Q

a system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that functions as a path along which molecules more from one part of a cell to the other

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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17
Q

the portion of the ER that contains attached ribosomes

A

Rough ER

18
Q

the portion of the ER that lacks attached ribosomes

A

Smooth ER

19
Q

system of membranes in eukaryotic cells that modifies proteins for export by the cell

A

Golgi Apparatis

20
Q

an organelle containing digestive enzymes, existing primarily in animal cells

A

Lysosome

21
Q

a network of long protein strands in the cytosol that helps maintain the shape and size of a eukaryotic cell

A

Cytoskeleton

22
Q

a polymer chain of the protein actin; the smallest strand in the cytoskeleton

A

Microfilaments

23
Q

a hollow tube of protein that constitutes the largest strand in the cytoskeleton

A

Microtubules

24
Q

one of the 2 protein filaments in a muscle cell that function in contraction

A

Actin

25
Q

one of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes

A

Spindle fiber

26
Q

minute hairlike organelles, identical in structure to flagella, that line surfaces of certain cells and bear in rhythmic waves, providing locomotion to ciliate protozoans and moving liquids along internal epithelial tissue in animals

A

Cilia

27
Q

a long lashlike appendage serving as an organ of locomotion in protozoa, sperm cells, etc

A

Flagella

28
Q

the nuclear skeleton, a shape-maintaining protein

A

Nuclear Matrix

29
Q

a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell

A

Nuclear Envelope

30
Q

the DNA and proteins in the nucleus of a non-dividing cells

A

Chromatin

31
Q

DNA and protein in a coiled, rod-shaped form that occurs during cell division

A

Chromosomes

32
Q

a small hole in the nuclear-envelope through which substances pass between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

A

Nuclear Pores

33
Q

the structure in which ribosomes are synthesized and partially assembled; found in most nuclei

A

Nucleoleus

34
Q

rigid structure that surrounds the cells of plants, fungi, many protists, and most bacteria

A

Cell Wall

35
Q

a fluid-filled organelle that stores enzymes or metabolic wastes in a plant cell

A

Vacuoles

36
Q

an organelle of plant cells that contains starch, fats, or pigments

A

Plastids

37
Q

a plastid containing chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

38
Q

a flattened, membranous sac inside a chloroplast; contains most of the components involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis

A

Thylakoids

39
Q

in most multicellular organisms, a group of similar cells that carry out a common function

A

Tissues

40
Q

several types of body tissues that together perform a function

A

Organ

41
Q

a group of organs that interact to perform a set of related tasks

A

Organ System

42
Q

a collection of genetically identical calls that live together in a closely connected group

A

Colonial organism

Cell Vocab (1 decks)

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