study questions wk 5

Question 1

artial

Answer 1

pertaining to atrium

Question 2

bilateral

Answer 2

pertaining to both left and right sides; two sides

Question 3

bradycardia

Answer 3

a slow heart rate

Question 4

cardiac

Answer 4

pertaining to heart

Question 5

crepitations

Answer 5

crackling sound from an inflamed lung

Question 6

cryptorchid

Answer 6

hidden testicles; absence of testicles

Question 7

epiglottis

Answer 7

door for laryngeal opening; flap of cartilage at root of tongue

Question 8

gingival mucosa

Answer 8

gums; portion of oral mucous membrane that covers necks of teeth and areolar process of jaws

Question 9

hard palate

Answer 9

rostral portion of palate

Question 10

larynx

Answer 10

entryway to trachea and lower airways

Question 11

monorchid

Answer 11

only having one testicle

Question 12

neoplasia

Answer 12

new formation of cancer

Question 13

perineal area

Answer 13

area around anus

Question 14

pharyngeal area

Answer 14

throat

Question 15

pharynx

Answer 15

tube starting behind nose down to the top of trachea and esophagus

Question 16

prepuce

Answer 16

protective skin over non erect penis

Question 17

pyometra

Answer 17

uterine infection; uterus full of puss

Question 18

rhonchi

Answer 18

large airway sounds; gurgling or bubbling sounds during inhalation and exhalation

Question 19

sheath

Answer 19

covering structure; membrane covering

Question 20

soft palate

Answer 20

muscular part at the back of the roof of the mouth; behind hard palate

Question 21

symmetry

Answer 21

the same size, shape, and position of the parts on opposite sides of dividing line

Question 22

tachycardia

Answer 22

fast heart beat

Question 23

unilateral

Answer 23

referring to one side

Question 24

venous

Answer 24

full or characterized by veins; pertaining to veins

Question 25

ventricular

Answer 25

pertaining to ventricle

Question 26

Describe the postures that dogs and cats commonly assume when they are experiencing respiratory distress

Answer 26

Dogs may be hunched over, or have their neck extended gasping for air; cats may have open mouth breathing and/or panting

Question 27

A cat is in the hospital overnight for castration tomorrow. You observe it sneezing repeatedly. Why should you notify the veterinarian immediately?

Answer 27

Upper respiratory diseases are very contagious!

Question 28

common reasons for increased and decreased respiratory rates

Answer 28

Increased: Excitement, fear, pain, stress Decreased: shock

Question 29

You are auscultating a dog's respiratory system? To auscultate all areas, how many locations should you listen at?

Answer 29

Minimum of 5 quadrants (right and left sides) as well as over the trachea

Question 30

When auscultating the lungs of dogs and cats, what differences should you expect to hear or not hear when listening to each?

Answer 30

Dogs-respirations can be heard on both inspiration and expiration, cats easier on inspiration

Question 31

What is cardiac arrhythmia? How would it be detected during the PE?

Answer 31

An abnormal heart rhythm during auscultation

Question 32

If a cardiac arrhythmia is detected during a PE, what test is the veterinarian likely to order to confirm the finding?

Answer 32

ecg electrocardiogram

Question 33

bounding pulse

Answer 33

Character of pulse is much harder than a normal pulse against the fingers

Question 34

You are observing an animal while it is sitting in its cage. You can see its jugular vein pulsating. Is this normal? If not what does this observation. indicate?

Answer 34

No the jugular pulse should not be visible; possibly right sided heart failure

Question 35

You are examining a dog. The normal color of its mucous membranes should be? Observing the oral MM color gives what information?

Answer 35

Pink, normal perfusion status

Question 36

You observe the MM of several animals. One is of normal color, another is pale, and the 3rd has cyanotic mucous membranes. Describe the color of each and what the color means physiologically.

Answer 36

Normal=pink normal perfusion, pale=palor/white decreased perfusion, cyanotic=blueish tint decreased oxygen

Question 37

How is the CRT determined? What information does this test give?

Answer 37

Press finger to mucous membrane and release count amount of time the membrane takes to return to normal color. Perfusion status

Question 38

What is the normal CRT for dogs and cats?

Answer 38

1-2 seconds

Question 39

You are assessing a cat that was hit by a car. You determine that its MM color is “pale” and it has a CRT greater than 2 seconds. What do these findings suggest is happening physiologically?

Answer 39

Possible shock/decreased perfsusion

Question 40

A complete examination of the GI system also includes an examination of

Answer 40

a. oral cavity b. pharynx c. rectum d. anus

Question 41

How would you describe the location of the anal sacs?

Answer 41

Approximate 5 and 7 o’clock

Question 42

During normal abdominal palpation of dogs which organ(s) should be palpable? Cats?

Answer 42

Spleen, bladder, intestines; same as dogs but also may be able to palpate the kidneys

Question 43

You are examining an intact 6-year old female dog. There is a very foul smelling greenish-black discharge coming from the dog’s vagina. Would this be considered normal? What condition might this discharge indicate?

Answer 43

No, possible sign of pyometra (uterine infection)

Question 44

Your friend Mrs. Johannes is bringing her new dog Polly into the clinic for a “new pet” checkup. Polly was adopted from the local animal shelter. Therefore, very little is known about her. Mrs. Johannes does not want Polly to have puppies. She wants to know if her dog has already been spayed. Dr. Paul directs you to obtain the preliminary history and PE. During the PE, you might be able to determine if an OVH has been performed. What would you look for?

Answer 44

Look for possible scar, also dogs and cats may be tattooed with a blue mark

Question 45

How would you determine if Polly had any cystic growths or nodules affecting her mammary gland?

Answer 45

Palpate each mammary gland for abnormal lumps

Question 46

What structure are the testicles located in? How does the location of this structure differ in the male dog and male cat?

Answer 46

testicles are located in the scrotum; male dog they are located more ventrally; male cat they are just below the perineal area

Question 47

You are examining a 7-year old male poodle. He has a very small amount of yellowish discharge at the tip of his prepuce. Is this normal?

Answer 47

Yes especially if he is intact