study questions wk 6 Flashcards by sophie selander

What symptoms might be observed with diseases of the oral cavity?

Loss of appetite, difficulty chewing, halitosis, salivation, vomiting, stains

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normal occlusion for a dog or cat

scissor bite

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Which teeth in the dog’s mouth usually have the heaviest deposits of
tartar/calculus

Premolars and molars

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mild gingivitis

Thin red line

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common foreign object found at the base of a cat’s tongue

string

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What should we check the hard palate for in very young (1-3days old) puppies and kittens?

Cleft palate

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eyelids

inferior to eyebrow

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conjunctiva

mucous membrane; lining of eyelids; normal is pink

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sclera

outermost fibrous coat; white in color and provides a strong protective cover for the internal eye structures

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cornea

transparent covering of eye

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nictitating membrane

medial canthus of the eye (3rd eye)

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iris

contractile membrane between lens and cornea; colored part of eye

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pupil

opening in the center of eye

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lens

focuses light onto the retina

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While performing a PE on a 12-week old kitten, you observe that the animal’s 3rd eyelids are elevated. What might be the cause of this irregularity?

Fever, not feeling well

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One abnormality of sclera that might be observed is

inflammation, icterus

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You are reading the doctors notes for hospitalized dog named Zeke. The doctor indicates that Zeke has keratitis involving the right eye. What is wrong with Zeke?

Inflammation of the cornea

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several abnormalities that you might encounter when examining the
corneas

Dull, cloudiness, irritation

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Physiologically, what controls the size of the pupils?

Constriction or dilation of the iris

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What is the normal shape of the pupils for the cat and dog?

cat: oval; dog: round

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You shine a small flashlight into the animals’ right eye, how should the pupil react? How should the left pupil react? What is the name of this test?

The pupil should constrict; Should also
constrict; pupillary left reflex test (direct and indirect)

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What structure of the eye would be affected if a cataract were detected?

lens

lenticular sclerosis

In older dogs and cats the lens starts to harden causing a silver color to the lens the dogs and cats can still see this does NOT cause blindness; changes in lens due to hardening

ectropian

effects lower eyelids; outward drooping of eyelids

entropian

effects both eyelids; rolling inward of eyes

"cherry eye"

nictitating membrane (third eyelid); prolapsed gland

epiphora

tear tracts overflowing; dark brown

serous

yellow orange

mucoid

thicker, stringy, cloudy

purulent

dark yellow puss

At what age do puppies and kittens eyes open for the first time?

12-14 days

What is the color of the iris when the eyes first open?

blue

The medical term for the earflap is?

pinna

cerumen

normal ear wax

Dr. Jim believes that Jasper, a 4 year-old cocker spaniel has otitis externa. Medically, what is wrong with Jasper?

inflammation/infection of the external ear canal

What clinical symptoms might be evident in a dog with otitis externa?

Inflammation erythema warm to the touch exudate lesions

While examining a cat’s ears you find an exudate present. What have you observed?

abnormal discharge

A pet owner had brought a dog in which may have an ear infection. Before performing your physical exam what symptoms might you observe that would indicate that it had otitis externa?

Shaking head, scratching at ears, tilting head to one side

When examining the integument, you are observing what part(s) of the body?

Skin, foot pads, and nails

hair coat

texture, alopecia, lumps, ectoparasites, flakiness

paws

inter-digital spaces, foot pads, nails

When examining the paws, you find a brown discoloration between the toes. What might this indicate?

pododermatitis

Foot pads

hyperkeratosis

You observe 3 “lumps” on the dog’s skin. How should you describe the lumps in your physical examination findings?

size and location

alopecia

hair loss

The skin in the areas of alopecia is very red and irritated. What is the term for skin that is red and inflamed?

erythema

difference between pustules and papules

pustule is a raised area containing pus, papule is raised but no pus

pruritis

itching

common ectoparasites that you might find on a dog

fleas

how you would check the "skin turgor" on a dog

grab skin gently lift and twist

What does skin turgor help evaluate?

State of hydration

Suzie, a 12-year-old poodle is brought into the clinic. She has been vomiting for the last 2 days. Dr. Goodfellow has asked you to obtain a history and perform a complete PE. When performing the PE, what observations should you make to assess Susie for dehydration?

-MM-moist or dry/tacky -CRT -Skin twist/turgor -corneas glossy or dull -eyes normal or sunken in

You observe that Susie's skin turgor is greater than 3 seconds and the "skin twist" disappears slowly. Her corneas appear dull and eyes sunken. The MM are dry and tacky, and the CRT is 4 seconds. What % dehydration would these findings indicate?

10%