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AQA Core Chemistry > Summary > Flashcards

Flashcards in Summary Deck (12)
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1
Q

What is polymerisation?

A

Double bonds break into lots of monomers

These join together to make long chain polymers

2
Q

Which reaction releases energy from fuel?

A

Combustion

3
Q

What is hydrogenation (hardening) ?

A

Hydrogen is added at 60 degrees

Using a nickel catalyst

Double bonds are broken

4
Q

Why do we want to harden liquids?

A

Increase the melting point to make a liquid a solid

5
Q

What are two methods of extracting plant oils?

A

Crushing

Steam distillation

6
Q

How do you test the saturation?

A

Bromine water

7
Q

What does unsaturated fat do?

A

Reduce cholesterol

8
Q

What does saturated fat do?

A

Raises cholesterol

9
Q

What are the layers of the earth?

A

Inner core (solid + iron)
Outer core
Mantle (thickest layer -radioactive decay)
Crust (thinnest layer)

10
Q

What are transition elements?

A

Metals with incomplete penultimate shells

Less reactive than groups 1 and 2

Act as catalysts

11
Q

What is hydration?

A

Reaction with water (steam) to produce ethanol

12
Q

What is catalytic cracking?

A

A long alkane is vaporised and passed over a heated catalyst.

Temperature around 500 degrees

Low pressure