Superficial Back/Shoulder/Scapular Region

Question 1

Superficial Posterior Axioappendicular Muscles

i.e. Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles

Answer 1

1. Latissumus Dorsi

2. Trapezius

Question 2

Latissimis Dorsi Nerve Supply

Answer 2

Thoracodorsal Nerve

Question 3

Latissimus Dorsi Function

Answer 3

Extend; adduct; medially rotate the humerus @ the shoulder joint

Question 4

Latissimus Dorsi Attachments

Answer 4

Proximal: 
- spinous processes of thoracic vertebra below T6
- thoracolumbar fascia
- iliac crest
- Lower 3 or 4 ribs
Distal:
- humerus intertubercular groove
	- fibers twist as they converge toward the humoral insertion

Question 5

Trapezius Nerve Supply

Answer 5

Accesory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI)

C3 & C4 (spinal nerves)

Question 6

Trapezius Function

Answer 6

a. Upper fibers –> elevate scapula
- in rotating the scapula helps the serratus anterior in making abduction of the humerus >90 degrees possible
b. Middle Fibers –> retract scapula
c. Lower Fibers –> depress scapula

Question 7

“Droopy” shoulder injury

Answer 7

A paralysis of the trapezius muscle resulting from an injury to the accessory (aka cranial XI) nerve

Question 8

Deep Axioappendicular Muscles

Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles

Answer 8

1. Levator Scapulae
2. Rhomboidei (major & minor)
3. Serratus Anterior

Question 9

Levator Scapulae nerve supply

Answer 9

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Question 10

Levator Scapulae function

Answer 10

elevate and fix the scapula

Question 11

Rhomboid (major and minor) nerve supply

Answer 11

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Question 12

Rhomboid function

Answer 12

Retract and elevate the scapula

Question 13

Serratus Anterior Nerve Supply

Answer 13

Long Thoracic Nerve

Question 14

Serratus Anterior function

Answer 14

Protracts the scapula holds it against the thoracic wall

Question 15

Paralysis of the Serratus Anterior

Answer 15

Due to problem with long thoracic nerve. Results in Winged Scapula

Question 16

Scapulohumeral Muscles

Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles

Answer 16

1. Deltoid
2. Teres Major
3. Superspinatus
4. Infraspinatus
5. Teres Minor
6. Subscapularis

Question 17

Deltoid nerve supply

Answer 17

Axillary nerve

Question 18

Deltoid functions

Answer 18

a. Anterior Fibers: flex & medially rotate
b. Middle Fibers: chief abductor of the humerus
c. Posterior Fibers: extend & laterally rotate the humerus

Question 19

Teres Major nerve supply

Answer 19

Lower Subscapular Nerve

Question 20

Teres Major functions

Answer 20

Adducts and medially rotate the humerus

Question 21

Supraspinatus nerve supply

Answer 21

Suprascapular Nerve

Question 22

Supraspinatus functions

Answer 22

Abducts the humerus

Question 23

Infraspinatus nerve supply

Answer 23

suprascapular nerve

Question 24

Infraspinatus functions

Answer 24

laterally rotates the humerus

Question 25

Teres Minor nerve supply

Answer 25

Axillary Nerve

Question 26

Teres Minor functions

Answer 26

Laterally rotates the humerus

Question 27

Subscapularis nerve supply

Answer 27

Subscapular Nerve (upper and lower)

Question 28

Subscapularis functions

Answer 28

medially rotates the humerus

Question 29

Other muscles of the shoulder region

Answer 29

Omohyoid muscle

Question 30

Omohyoid nerve supply

Answer 30

Cervical nerves 1, 2, 3

Question 31

Omohyoid functions

Answer 31

depresses, retracts, and steadies the hyoid bone

Question 32

Arteries

Answer 32

Blood supply arises from branches of the subclavian artery and the 3rd part of the axillary artery

Question 33

Branches of the subclavian artery

Answer 33

1st branch into the thyrocervical trunk and further into: a. Transverse cervical artery (deep branch) b. Dorsal scapular artery c. Suprascapular artery

Question 34

Branches of the axillary artery

Answer 34

1. subscapular artery arises from the 3rd branch of axillary artery - Circumflex Scapular Artery is a branch of the Subscapular artery

Question 35

Accessory Nerve/ CN XI

Answer 35

Enervates Trapezius

Question 36

Suprascapular Nerve

Answer 36

Enervates Supraspinatus & Infraspinatus

Question 37

Axillary Nerve

Answer 37

Enervates Deltoid and Teres Minor

Question 38

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

Answer 38

Enervates Rhomboid (major & minor) & Levator Scapulae

Question 39

Thoracodorsal Nerve

Answer 39

Enervates Latissimus Dorsi

Question 40

Lower Subscapular Nerve

Answer 40

Enervates Teres Major

Question 41

Long Thoracic Nerve

Answer 41

Enervates Serratus Anterior