Supplements, Natural & Complementary Medicine Flashcards
Chapter 79 (75 cards)
1
Q
What act states all the reguations for Dietary Supplements?
A
- Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994
2
Q
What is the way that supplements differ from prescription medication?
A
- Supplements just have to show they are safe before markets where as drugs have to show safety and efficacy
3
Q
What are some of the interactions that St. Johns Wart has with prescription medications>?
A
- Induces 3A4, 2C19, 2C9, 1A2, P-gp
- Serotonergic
- Photosensitivity
4
Q
What are some supplements that can increase bleeding risk?
5 G’s + others
A
- 5 G’s: Garlic, Ginger, Ginkgo, Ginseng, Glucosamine
- Fish Oils (High doses)
- Vitamin E
- Dong Quai
- Willow Bark (aspirin like)
5
Q
What are some supplements that can cuase increase risk of liver toxocity?
A
- Black Cohosh (used in menopause)
- Kava (used for stress/anxiety)
6
Q
What are some supplements that could increase risk of cardiac toxicity?
A
- Ephedra (Bitter orange)
- DMAA (Dimetbylamylamine)
- Licorice
- Yohimbe (used in ED)
- Caffeien (because it Increases HR/BP)
7
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for anxiety?
A
- Valerian
- Passionflower
- Kava
- St. Johns Wart
8
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for core sores?
A
- L-lysine
9
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Colds and FLu?
A
- Echinacea
- Zinc
- Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
10
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Dementia/Memory?
A
- Ginkgo
- Vitamin E
11
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Depression?
A
- St. John Wart
- SAMe (S-adenosyl-L-methionine)
- 5-HTP
12
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for diabetes?
A
- Alpha Lipoic Acid (used for neuropathies)
- Chromium
- Cassia Cinnamon
- Mag
13
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for dyslipidemia?
A
- Red Yeast Rice (natural form of Lovastatin)
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid
14
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Dyspepsia?
A
- Calcium
- Magnesium
- Pepperment
15
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for energy/weight loss?
A
- Bitter orange (synephrine component)
- Caffeine
- Guarana, Green Tea Powder
16
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Erectile Dysfunction?
A
- Ginsing
- L-arginine
- Yohimbe
17
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Heart Failure?
A
- Coenzyme Q10 (used as ajunctive)
- Hawthorn
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid
18
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Hypertension?
A
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid
- Garlic
19
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for gastrointerstinal health?
A
- FIber
- Chamomile
- Probiotics
- Ginger
20
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for inflammation?
A
- Omega-3 Fatty Acid
- Flax Seeds/Oil
- Turmeric
21
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for insomnia/sleep?
A
- Melatonin (taken at bedtime or for jet lag [0.5 - 2 mg before flight & 5 mg after flight])
- Valerian
- Chamomile
22
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Liver Disease?
A
- Milk Thistle
23
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for Menopause?
A
- Black Cohosh
- Dong Quai
- Eveing Primrose Oil
- Soy, Red Clover
24
Q
What are the commonly used supplements used for migraines?
A
- Feverfew
- Butterbur
- Magnesium
- Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
25
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **motion sickeness**?
- Ginger
- Peppermint
26
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **Osteoarthritis**?
- Glucosamine
- Chondroitin
- SAMe
- Turmeric
27
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **Osteoporosis**?
- Calcium
- Vitamin D
- Soy
28
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **prostate health**?
- Saw Palmetto
- Lycopene
29
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **skin condition**?
- Tea Tree Oil
30
What are the **commonly used supplements** used for **UTI**?
- Cranberry
31
What are some **safety concerns** with **5-HTP** for **Supplementation**?
- Serotonergic
32
What are some **safety concerns** with **Beta-carotene** for **Supplementation**?
- Increased risk of lung cancer
- **increased risk of cardiovascular mortality**
33
What are some **safety concerns** with **Bitter Orange (synephrine component)** for **Supplementation**?
- Stimulant (increase BP, HR, Arrhythmia risk)
34
What are some **safety concerns** with **Caffeine** for **Supplementation**?
- Increased BP, HR
35
What are some **safety concerns** with **chamomile** for **Supplementation**?
- Allergic Reactions (uncommon tho)
36
What are some **safety concerns** with **chondroitin** for **Supplementation**?
- Bleeding risk at HIGH doses
- Increased INR with warfarin
37
What are some **safety concerns** with **Dong Quai** for **Supplementation**?
- Increased Bleeding risk
38
What are some **safety concerns** with **Enchinacea** for **Supplementation**?
- Questionable safety with autoimmune disorders (allergenic reactivity)
39
What are some **safety concerns** with **Feverfew** for **Supplementation**?
- Mouth ulcerations
- Increased bleeding risk
40
What are some **safety concerns** with **Fiber** for **Supplementation**?
- GI issues (bloating, cramping, farting)
41
What are some **safety concerns** with **Garlic, Ginger, Ginkgo, Ginseng, Glucosamine** for **Supplementation**?
- "5 G's": **increased bleeding risk**
- **D/C** in advance to surgery
42
What are some **safety concerns** with **Hawthorn** for **Supplementation**?
- Positive Inotrope[increase HR & BP] (avoid using with Digoxin)
43
What are some **safety concerns** with **kava** for **Supplementation**?
- AVOID due to **hepatoxicity**
44
What are some **safety concerns** with **L-arginine** for **Supplementation**?
- Coverts into **Nitric Oxide** = decreased BP and increased dizziness
45
What are some **safety concerns** with **melatonin** for **Supplementation**?
- When used chronically = dependence for sleep
46
What are some **safety concerns** with **Omega-3 Fatty Acids (fish oils)** for **Supplementation**?
- Increased bleeding risk
47
What are some **safety concerns** with **Potassium** for **Supplementation**?
- Levels should be measured in a lab for proper dosing
47
What are some **safety concerns** with **Passionflower** for **Supplementation**?
- QTc Prolongation
48
What are some **safety concerns** with **Probiotics** for **Supplementation**?
- since using **live bacteria** be careful in **immunocompromised states**
49
What are some **safety concerns** with **red yeast rice** for **Supplementation**?
- **DO NOT** use with Statins (decreses Coenzyme Q10 & increases myopathy risk)
50
What are some **safety concerns** with **SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine)** for **Supplementation**?
- Serotonergic
51
What are some **safety concerns** with **sou, red clver** for **Supplementation**?
- Increase breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women (not maing estradiol)
52
What are some **safety concerns** with **St. Johns Wart** for **Supplementation**?
- MANY drug interactions
- **Serotonergic, Photosensitivity**
53
What are some **safety concerns** with **Valerian** for **Supplementation**?
- Sedation
54
What are some **safety concerns** with **Vitamin C** for **Supplementation**?
- Nephrolithiasis
55
What are some **safety concerns** with **Vitamin E** for **Supplementation**?
- Bleeding Risk (not recommended for cardiovascular disease and cancer prevention)
56
What are some **safety concerns** with **yohimbe** for **Supplementation**?
- Increase BP, HR, Seizure Risk
57
What are some **safety concerns** with **Zinc** for **Supplementation**?
- loss of smell (if nasal product)
58
What are the **names** of **vitamin A, B, C, D, E**
- A: Retinol
- B1: Thiamine
- B2: Riboflavin
- B3: Nican
- B6: Pyridoxine
- B9: Folic Acid
- B12: Cobalamin
- C: Asorbic Acid
- D2: Ergocalciferol
- D3: Cholecalciferol
- E: Alpha-Topcoherol
59
When is **thiamine (Vitamin B1)** most commonly used?
- Alcohol Use Disorder
- Decreased B1 can lead to **wernicke encephalopathy** (causing confusionm ataxia, tremor, vision changes) and can worse to **Korsakoff Syndrome** (permanent mental damage)
60
What **nutrient depeltion** does **amphotericin B** cause?
- Magnesium
- Potassium
61
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Antiseizure Medications** cause?
- Calcium
62
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Isoniazid ** cause?
- Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
63
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Loop Diuretice** cause?
- Potassium
64
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Metformin** cause?
- Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
65
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Methotrexate** cause?
- Folate
66
What **nutrient depeltion** does **Orlistat** cause?
- Beta-Carotene
- Fat Soluble Vitamins (ADEK)
67
What **nutrient depeltion** does **PPIs** cause?
- Magnesium
- Vitamin B12 (if longer than 2 years of use)
68
What are some **recommended supplements** for **alcohol use disorder**?
- Vitamin B1
- Folate
69
What are some **recommended supplements** for **CKD**?
- Vitamin D
70
What are some **recommended supplements** for **Goiter**?
- Iodine
71
What are some **recommended supplements** for **Marcolytic Anemia**?
- Vitamine B12
- Folate
72
What are some **recommended supplements** for **Mircocytic Anemia**?
- Ferrous Sulfate
73
What are some **recommended supplements** for **Pregnancy**?
- Iron
- Calcium
- Vitamin D
- Pyridoxine
74
What are some **recommended supplements** for **Osteopenia/Osteoporosis**?
- Calcium
- Vitamin D
