Systemic Overview

Question 1

What are the divisions of the ilium?

Answer 1

Divided into a body and a ala by the arcuate line internally and the upper border of the acetabulum externally

Question 2

What are the divisions of the ischium?

Answer 2

body and ramus

Question 3

What are the divisions of the pubis?

Answer 3

Body, superior ramus, inferior ramus

Question 4

What is the patella and what does it articulate with?

Answer 4

sesamoid bone located in the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle and articulates with the distal extremity of the femur

Question 5

What bones of the foot make up the medial column (flexible)

Answer 5

calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cuneiforms, first 3 metatarsals and their phalanges, constant sesamoids

Question 6

What bones of the foot make up the lateral column (rigid)

Answer 6

calcaneus, cuboid, 4th and 5th metatarsals and their phalanges.

Question 7

What are the major ligaments of the hip joint?

Capsular and Intracapsular

Answer 7

-Capsular:
Articular capsule
Iliofemoral
Ischiofemoral
Pubofemoral
-Intracapsular
Ligamentum capitis femoris
Transverse acetabular

Question 8

What are the major ligaments of the knee joint?

Answer 8

-Capsular:
Articular capsule
Ligamentum patellae
Oblique popliteal
Arcuate popliteal
Tibial collateral (MCL)
-Extracapsular:
Fibular collateral (LCL)
-Intracapsular
ACL
PCL

Question 9

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 9

Tibialis anterior
EHL
EDL
Fibularis Tertius

Question 10

What is the primary function of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Answer 10

Dorsiflexion of the foot for toe clearance during swing phase in gait

Question 11

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of leg muscles and their function?

Answer 11

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
f(x): pronation and plantarflexion of the foot

Question 12

What are the superficial group of muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and their function?

Answer 12

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
f(x): plantarflexion

Question 13

What are the deep group of muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and their function?

Answer 13

Popliteus
FHL
FDL
Tibialis posterior
f(x): plantarflexion and supination

Question 14

What are the first layer of plantar muscles?

Answer 14

ABductor hallucis
FDB
ABductor digiti minimi

Question 15

What are the second layer of plantar muscles?

What also courses in this layer?

Answer 15

Quadratus plantae
Lumbricales (4)

• these are associated with the tendons of FDL
• tendon of FHL courses this layer and is connected to the tendon of FDL by knot of henry

Question 16

What are the third layer of plantar muscles?

What also courses in this layer?

Answer 16

FHB
ADductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
-tendons of fib longus and tibialis posterior course this layer

Question 17

What are the fourth layer of plantar muscles?

Answer 17

3 plantar interossei

4 dorsal interossei

Question 18

What are the major branches of the femoral artery?

Answer 18

• Profunda (deep) femoral artery
• Medial/Lateral femoral circumflex artery
• Perforating arteries

Question 19

What does the femoral artery vascularize?

Answer 19

anterior compartment of the thigh

Question 20

What does the deep femoral artery vascularize?

Answer 20

anterior, medial, posterior compartments of the thigh

Question 21

What are the branches of the popliteal artery?

Answer 21

Sural, genicular, anterior/posterior tibial

Question 22

What are the branches of the Anterior tibial artery?

Answer 22

Posterior/Anterior tibial recurrent arteries

Anterior medial/lateral malleolar arteries

Question 23

What are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?

Answer 23

Circumflex fibular, fibular artery, posterior medial malleolar, medial calcaneal, medial and lateral plantar

Question 24

Branches of the fibular artery?

Answer 24

perforating artery, posterior lateral malleolar artery, lateral calcaneal

Question 25

Branches of the dorsalis pedis?

Answer 25

Lateral/medial tarsal artery, arcuate artery, first dorsal metatarsal artery, deep plantar

Question 26

What muscles does the Deep fibular nerve innervate in the leg?

Answer 26

Tibialis anterior EHL EDL Fibularis tertius Anterior compartment

Question 27

What muscles does the superficial fibular nerve innervate in the leg?

Answer 27

Fibularis longus and brevis Lateral compartment

Question 28

What muscles does the tibial nerve innervate in the leg?

Answer 28

``` Gastrocnemius soleus plantaris popliteus FHL Tibialis posterior FDL ``` Posterior compartment

Question 29

What muscles does the deep fibular nerve innervate in the foot?

Answer 29

EHB | EDB

Question 30

What muscles does the medial plantar nerve innervate in the foot?

Answer 30

ABductor hallucis, FDB, FHB, first lumbricale

Question 31

What muscles does the lateral plantar innervate?

Answer 31

ABductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, 2-4 lumbricales, ADductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi, 1-4 dorsal and 1-3 plantar interossei