Systems/SAR Workbook Questions Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
What is the standard crew of the Oznog?
A
- 2 Pilots
- 1 TACCO
- 1 SENSO
2
Q
What is the max speed and loitering speed of the Oznog?
A
- Max Speed: 405 KIAS
- Loitering Speed: 240 KIAS
3
Q
What is the service ceiling and range of the Oznog?
A
- Ceiling: 34,000 ft
- Range: 4,400 Nm
4
Q
What are the components of the Integrated Mission System (IMS)? (8)
A
- Data Management System (DMS)
- Navigation
- Communications
- Armament/Ordnance
- Imaging Radar System (IRS)
- EO/IR
- Automatic Identification System (AIS)
- Electronic Support Measures (ESM)
5
Q
What is the Data Management System (DMS) composed of?
A
- 1 Mission Computer
- 4x Work station Computers
- Work Station Tactical Displays (TACCO/SENSO)
- Work Station input control panels:
- Programmable Entry Panel (PEP)
* Trackball
* Keyboard
* Hand Controller (EO/IR)
- Programmable Entry Panel (PEP)
6
Q
What layers can be displayed on the DMS when selected? (8)
A
- TAC Plot
- Map
- Radar
- AIS
- LINK
- ESM
- EO
- MVASP
7
Q
How do you know whether you can edit information in the Continuous Information Area (CIA)?
A
If the box has a black background, it’s info is editable
8
Q
What does it mean if a word or unit in the Continuous Information Area (CIA) is blue? Provide some examples of this function.
A
It means the setting can be toggled.
Examples include:
* Display orientation Mag/True/Aircraft
* Rad Alt/Bar alt
* Lat/Long format Seconds/decimal minutes
* Automatic/Manual Variation selection
9
Q
What does this mean?
A
We are flying to a Weapon Release FTP (W1) at PX 424710N 0635355W. It bears 350 at 28 nm from our aircraft and it will take us 8 minutes and 2 seconds to get there. We will arrive at 11:55:34Z
10
Q
What are the priorities of the different FTP types and what do they do?
A
- Weapon (W) - Deployment of Weapon, Auto-delete, 18 Max
- Flight Plan (F) - High priority Geo FTP, Auto-delete, 25 max
- Pattern Release (P) - Sonobuoy Patterns, Auto-delete once stores released, 64 max
- Expendable Release(E) - Smoke /Flares /etc, Auto-delete once stores released, 64 Max
- Intercept (I) - overfly a track in the same direction as the track, Not deleted unless associated track is deleted, 1 Max
- Datum (D) - Overfly a PX then orbit around it, Not Auto-deleted, 1 Max
- Tangent (T) - An Orbit, Not Auto-deleted, 1 Max
- Normal (N) - low priority FTP, Auto-delete, 25 Max
- Monitor (M) - low priority FTP, Not auto-deleted, sequence after capture, 25 Max
11
Q
What are the different alert levels?
A
- Critical Alerts(red) - Highest priority, unsafe mission condition or a critical sub-system failure
- System Alerts(yellow) - Mission sub-system degradation.
- Function Alerts(black) - Information requiring operator attention
12
Q
What is the maximum number of alerts and what happens when the number of alerts exceeds the limit?
A
128 Maximum Alerts
The oldest alerts will automatically be removed from the list and replaced by the newest alerts
13
Q
How do you acknowledge alerts?
A
Clicking an alert will acknowledge it
14
Q
What other way will critical and system alerts be cleared?
A
They will clear themselves once the cause of the alert is remedied
15
Q
What is the difference between a Cue and a Prompt?
A
Cue - Non-Critical pop-up messages that report information to the operator.
* Local cues will be removed after 5 seconds
* Multiple cues indicated by *
Prompt - Operator action required to complete a task.
* Operator must action before performing other functions.
* Press ESC on keyboard or PEP to cancel prompt without completing the task
16
Q
Where is the status bar and what information does it display?
A
Runs along the bottom of the Workstation Tactical Display (WTD) (RH side)
Displays:
1. Cursor position Lat/Long or MGRS
2. Cursor Bearing and Range from OAC
3. Current Range Scale (With buttons for increasing and decreasing scale
17
Q
What is the Programmable Entry Panel (PEP)?
A
- Allows control of the DMS and the sensor systems through the matrices of command buttons
- Primary control of some systems and alternate/secondary control of others
- Provides alternative to using the keyboard for entering textual data and trackball for data entry
18
Q
The cursor on your PEP starts to drift, making it difficult to select the things you want. What do you do?
A
- Hold finger in one corner and slowly drag it around the outside of the screen stopping in the each corner.
- Once you reach the initial corner, drag your finger to the center and hold it for a few seconds.
- The cursor should align with your finger tip.
19
Q
What do these button colours mean?
A
- Active - Button has been selected and remains highlighted indicating the button is active
- Available - Default state of a button which has not been selected or activated.
- Not Available - Buttonis not available for selection but is applicable to the displayed menu.
- Not Apllicable - Button is removed fromthe menu when it is not needed.
20
Q
What do each of the Trackball buttons do?
A
Left Button: Hook(Select)
Middle Button: Amplify
Right Button: Pop-up Menu for frequent functions
21
Q
How do you change the units of your workstation from Imperial (NM and Lat/Long) to metric (km and MGRS)?
A
Right-Click on the WTD and select METRIC, then METRIC WKSTN
22
Q
What is the colour convention for friendly different units?
A
Friendly: Blue
Neutral: Green
Hostile: Red
Unknown: Yellow
Simulated: Purple
23
Q
What do each of the sensor indicators mean R, I, F, X, blank, —a, L, E, O, V, -, C
A
R - Radar
I - IFFI
F - Fused (IFFI & Radar)
X - AIS (Ships)
Blank, L, —A - LINK
E - ESM
O - EO
V - Visual
- - Combined
C - Computer
24
Q
What are the definitions of a Contact, Fix, and Track?
A
Contacts - : A contact has no defined position data associated with it other than origin of detection. They are either a bearing or a range relative to a detection source. (ie. ESM bearing)
Fix - A fix is the position of a tactical object at a particular point in time with no associated course and speed. Fix types include: ESM, EO, Visual and Unknown.
Tracks - Tracks are used to dynamically plot the movement of tactical objects at a specific point in time. Position,heading,speed
25
Something isn't working the way you expect it to. What are the troubleshooting steps you should follow to try to rectify it?
1. Make sure sensor is elected in the DISPLAY array
2. Ensure proper settings are selected as per the TACCO/SENSO checklist.
3. Conduct a soft re-initialization of the affected system. Select STATUS and select affected system in the status card, then select RE-INIT
26
Which FTPs can you create via the PEP - FTP menu or the WTD Pop-up menu?
1. Flight Plan **(F)**
2. Intercept **(I)**
3. Datum **(D)**
4. Tangential **(T)**
5. Normal **(N)**
6. Montior **(M)**
27
Can you manually create a weapon FTP?
No
28
What does it mean if an OFFSET VECTOR is reporting a negative speed?
Negative speed indicates that the two objects attached to the OFFSET VECTOR are opening relative to each other.
29
What is the main difference between a reference mark **(REF MARK)** and a General Reference **(GEN REF)**?
A **REF MARK** will only show on the creators display, a **GEN REF** will show on both TACCO and SENSO displays
30
How many elipses can you create in the DMS?
Up to **4** elipses
31
What is **AIS**? Describe it.
Automatic Identification System **(AIS)** - is an automated tracking system used on ships and by vessel traffic services.
* Provides unique vessel ID, PX, course & speed using VHF & GPS
* Supplements marine radar and assists with collision avoidance
32
Which marine vessels are required to have an AIS equipped?
**International** voyaging ships with gross tonnage of **300+ tons** and **all passenger** vessels regardless of size
33
Do we get our AIS information from satellites, like the marine traffic website?
No, AIS contacts must be within line-of-sight for our receiver to detect them **(VHF)** and obtain AIS information
34
How do you know this is an AIS track?
Track number begins with the AIS identifier "**X**"
35
What is the main difference between the **MMSI** and the **IMO** of a vessel?
**MMSI** - Maritime Mobile Service Identity - is the vessels temporary identity (like a license plate number) issued by the ship's flag state
**IMO** - International Maritime Organization Number - a permanent 7-digit number assigned to all ships during construction by the **LLoyds Register Fairplay** for ships that are **100GT+** (Like a car serial number)
36
How long does it take to recieve the AIS Long Message?
Approximately **6 minutes**
37
# Add Picture
What happens if the data received doesn't match our database?
1. Information will be displayed using white text with a red background and a **Critical Alert** "Suspicious AIS Track" will appear.
38
You want to view the AIS Track List Card. How do you open it?
1. On the AIS track card select **TRK LIST** at the bottom
2. Select **AIS** button on the CONTROL ARRAY row of the PEP, you can select all A Class & B Class tracks
39
What is the purpose of the **IFFI** system?
It is a means to quickly and easily identify what is Friendly/Foe in the complex battlespace to prevent friend-on-friend engagements
40
How does the IFFI work?
While simultaneously interrogating other transponders, our transponder reponds to the interrogations of other IFFIs. To avoid responding to our own interrogation, the transponder and interrogator systems internally supress each other's transmissions.
41
What is the maximum range of the IFFI System?
200 NM
42
Which modes are military-use only?
Modes 1, 2, 4, 5
43
Which modes are encrypted?
Modes 4 and 5
44
The altitude reported by Mode C is based on which altimeter setting?
Mode C reports pressure altitude based on the Standard altimeter setting (QNE, 29.92 in Hg)
45
In order from highest to lowest, what are the Interrogation Mode priorities?
1. Mode 5
2. Mode 4 A/B
3. Mode 3/A
4. Mode 2
5. Mode 1
6. Mode C
46
How can you quickly tell that an IFFI Track is experiencing an emergency?
Standard mode 3A emergency codes(7500,7600,7700) generate an **emergency indicator as a red diamond**, on the symbol track status area and a critical alert.
Tracks with emergency codes are displayed to the operator regardless of filter settings and will be automatically promoted to the TACCO screen regardless of the IFF auto-promote setting.
47
How many headers are available on the CDU, what do they each display and how do you switch between them?
**Two** different headers available, **Navigation** and **Comms**
The Navigation header provides A/C track, G/S, Pressure altitude, WC, time, Navmode, FTP, DTG, etc
The comms header provides time and suite configuration information for V/UHF 1-3, HF 1&2, and SATCOM.
**Use top, left SK(SK1) to switch between headers**
## Footnote
The "header" status line, shows system status alerts
Use top, right SK to clear alerts
48
What do you have to select if you want to type letters instead of numbers into the scratch pad area?
The **LTR** key activates the upper portion of the numeric keys to allow alphabetic key entries.
An “L” appears beside the scratch pad to indicate LTR active
Disabled by pressing LTR again or ENT.
49
How do you engage mission computer steering?
Select **FPN PAGE** on the CDU
**TAC PATTERNS**
**MSN COMPUTER**
**ENGAGE**
Steps completed after making proper ICS call to pilots to change to Mission Computer Steering
* Once pilot confirms “clear to engage computer steering”, select **ENGAGE**
50
On the CSU, what do the following LEDs specify?
Red:
Flashing Red:
Yellow:
Flashing Yellow:
Green:
**Red**: indicates that the specified radio has been **selected for transmission**
**Flashing Red**: indicates that a member is currently **transmitting** on that radio
**Yellow**: indicates that the specified radio has been **selected for monitoring**
**Flashing Yellow**: indicates that the specified radio is **receiving a transmission**
**Green**: indicates that the specified radio is operating in **Secure Mode**. The Green LED does not flash
51
How do you toggle between transmitting on ICS and transmitting externally?
**RADIO / ICS button**:
Selects Radio PTT via a single press. When the yellow LED is illuminated, the PTT will key external radio assets.
Deselect Radio PTT mode and select ICS PTT mode by pressing the RADIO/ICS button again. The yellow LED is extinguished.
The power on (default) mode is ICS PTT. The yellow LED is extinguished and the cordset and footswitch PTT will key the ICS.
52
What are two ways you can access the PRESET List?
1. Through any V/UHF SETTINGS menu
2. Via DAT -> V/UHF PRESET LIST
53
If you have not yet tuned the HF radio, can you assign it to Link?
No
54
Fill in the blanks.
SATCOM is ________ communication using an ________ that communicates with satellites to transmit ________ and ________ across the world.
SATCOM is **beyond line-of-sight (BLOS)** communication using an **ultra-high frequency radio** that communicates with satellites to transmit **voice and data** across the world.
55
In order for any changes made to the SATCOM radio, what two buttons must be selected?
Config (F2)
Update (F2)
56
Why do we use Data Link?
**Speed**: data is exchanged quickly
**Volume**: vast amounts of data exchanged
**Terminals**: almost instantaneous use of the info can be made as it is transmitted from one terminal to another
**Networks**: it enables exchange of tactical data with other friendly platforms
57
Define the following:
Data Link Net
Picket Unit (PU)
Net Control Station (NCS)
Data Link Reference Position (DLRP)
Local Track Number (TN)
Data Link Track Number
Track Number Block
**Data Link Net**: A combination of two or more units (ships, aircraft, subs, ground stations) operating data link on a specific frequency
**Picket Unit (PU)**: Any unit on the data link net other than the Net Control Station (NCS)
PUs are assigned a unique identifying two digit octal number from 01 to 76 (00 and 77 are invalid).
**Net Control Station (NCS)**: A designated unit on the data link net who interrogates other PUs.
Initiates and terminates the net.
There is one NCS per net.
Once a PU is interrogated and transmits its data, all other PUs on the net receive the info simultaneously.
**Data Link Reference Position (DLRP)**: A fixed geographic reference point from which the positions of tracks are reported on Link
A DLRP is required for the data link net to operate.
Up to 4 DLRPs can be created in the DMS, but only one may be active at a time.
Link cannot be enabled without an active DLRP.
A unit must be within approximately 1000nm of the DLRP.
**Local Track Number (TN)**: A unique numeric identifier automatically assigned by the DMS to any Contact, Fix, or Track generated on the tactical plot locally.
The DMS assigns these sequentially from 0200 to 9999.
**Data Link Track Number**: A unique numeric identifier assigned to any tactical object transmitted over Link.
4-digit octal number (0200-7776)
This will be assigned sequentially based on your assigned Track Number Block (see below)
**Track Number Block**: A unique range of TNs assigned to a PU for reporting its tracks on Link
Prevents PUs from attempting to enter same TNs as other Pus
Allows other units to see who reported a given track
58
How many DLRPs can be created and how many can be active at any one time?
A total of 4 DLRP can be created and only 1 can be active.
| Data Link Reference Position
59
What is the difference between ROLL CALL and RADIO SILENT?
**Roll Call**: if OAC is NCS, our Link interrogates each PU sequentially according to the TA SEQ list
if OAC is PU, our Link transmits data
when interrogated by the NCS
**Radio Silent**: inhibits the transmission of data
data will still be received if Link state is
set to ENABLE
60
How do you assign Link to the HF 1 radio on the CDU?
1. Accessed through **COMM page** using the **RADIO TASKING sub-menu**
2. On the desired HF, **use softkey to select LINK**
3.Press **ASSIGN ASSET**
4.Select **Apply**
4. Radio now **assigned in the comms header bar** and **LINK highlighted** in inverse colour
61
Link must be set to OFF in order to change what parameters?
**OAC PU**
Track Block (**Lower TN & Upper TN)**
62
What is the difference between SEND and ASSIGN SEND?
**Send** will automatically assign a TN and then release the object on LINK.
**Assign Send** will request you enter a TN and then release the object on Datalink.
63
Can you release (send) AIS Tracks on Link?
No
64
What do each of these sensor indicators on the track mean? A: Blank: L:
**----A:** means track was assembled to go out but it is not out on LINK network yet
**Blank:** Local track sent by you on Link.
**L:** The track was sent by another Picket Unit (PU)
65
How long does it take to open or close the bomb bay doors?
7 seconds max
66
Which bomb bay configuration is used at 402 Sqn and which racks can be loaded in this configuration?
* **Config B** will be used for all missions, using **2x BRU-15/A racks** and **1x BRU-12/A rack.** (not used with SKADS)
* For safety, the system prevents you from loading bombs when SKADs are in the bomb bay.
* The release priority is 2C then 4C.
67
What does an X mean under the rack config page?
Blocked weapons are noted by an “X” in the column and cannot be commanded for release until lower stores are dropped.
68
On the Wpns card, what do the following colours mean?
Bright Yellow
Yellow
Dark
Amber
White
**Bright Yellow** - This is the next station to release a Wpn
**Yellow** - This station has been allocated to a pattern or single store launch
**Dark Grey** - Station has no Wpns loaded
**Amber** - This station is defected and cannot be selected.
**White** - This station has been selected (hooked)
**Note:** - Defected typically occurs because 1. The AOIU is off (all stations will show defected 2. The aircraft is loaded with something different than your selection 3. the aircraft has lost continuity with the armament (electrical signal)
69
What is the method used to drop weapons at 402 Sqn?
Using a Weapon FTP. (Online, manual release)
70
What are the surveillance modes of the IRS?
1. Weather (WX)
2. Wide Area Search (WAS)
71
What are the imaging modes of the
IRS?
1. Stripmap
2. Landspot
3. Seaspot
72
What are the ranges of the two WAS sub-modes and at what altitudes would you switch between the two modes?
1. WAS 100 = **5-100nm** - recommended **below 10,000 ft** because it has better small target detection
2. WAS 200 = **5-200nm***10,000 ft & above**
73
What is a false return?
It is when a radar contact appears on the radar with no "green blip" beneath it.
74
How long will a contact stay on your screen without being promoted until it is dropped by the IRS? (disappears)
contacts in the blind arc are not being updated, so if something is in your blind arc for **longer than your COAST TIME(10secs) + DROP TIME(10secs) = 20 seconds**, it will be removed unless it has been promoted.
75
# **
You are the SENSO and want to send a radar track to the TACCO and prevent it from being dropped by the IRS when going into the blind arc.
What do you have to do to achieve this? (4)
1. Select the contact of interest on the WTD
Select BUILD TRACK and press enter with the selected position. Observe that a “U” appears on the top left of the created radar track
2. Select the built track and select PROMOT TRK on the PEP
The track will now be shown on the TAC PLOT display
76
It has been a while since you built and promoted a certain track to the TACCO and you notice that the original computer generated radar track is no longer on a radar blip and the IRS has created a new track on top of the radar blip. You know that the two tracks are actually the same, so you want to update it.
1. Hook the track you want to update
2. Select UPDATE TRACK on the PEP
3. Hook the new radar track and select ENTER. The newer radar track will disappear and the original radar track will move to the radar blip, with a new course and speed.
77
What are the various ways to adjust the radar tilt?
1. **MAN TILT** – Tilt controlled with PEP arrow keys
2. **AUTO TILT** – Tilt controlled by cursor or hooked position
3. **INIT TILT** – Initializes tilt to optimum level for altitude (runs for 5 secs and reverts to Manual Tilt) and depending on range scale
**Note:** DON’T FORGET TO ADJUST TILT TO AVOID MISSING CONTACTS!
78
What is the Seaspot radar imaging mode used for?
Seaspot mode is used to image a fixed or moving **maritime target**
Two levels of resolution: **High** or **ultra high**
**Note:** High is the only resolution used in the PCT for Seaspot
79
What is the difference between Low Order and High Order?
Seaspot supports two operator-selectable modes:
1. **Low Order** will give low image quality but quicker update speeds (Good for initial scan of target)
2. **High Order** tracks bright scatters on the ship to achieve finer details (Use High Order for the best picture), however, takes longer to process
80
# PICTURE AVAIL
What is the Seaspot imaging Angle?
* The angle between the **RADAR boresight** and the **target ship heading**
* It's indicated in the WTD Status Area as “LOS” (Line of Sight). LOS Angle of zero means the target is travelling directly at the radar and 180 means directly away from the RADAR.
81
What are the best Seaspot Imaging Angle ranges?
Best Imaging Angles:
**10 to 60 degrees** (towards the RADAR)
**120 to 170 degrees** (away from the RADAR)
If the imaging angle is very close to 0 or 180 degrees (“head on” or “stern on” views), the ship may appear shorter (ex. looking at a cargo ship and the super structure blocks the rest of the ship)
82
What are the recommended initial Seaspot settings?
Resoloution: **High**
Block Time: **5 Seconds**
IMG Pixels: **2000**
Search Window: **5000**
Order: **Low** (faster output)
Low order OVLP: **75%**
IMG Conv Slope: **125**
IMG Conv Offset: **100**
83
What settings would you improve your Seaspot after the initial settings worked?
Block Time: **10 seconds**
Order: **High**
High Order Optimization: **ON**
84
What is the difference between Stripmap and Landspot?
**Stripmap** - develops images as the radar travels along a fixed path.**Used to image straight line areas** for general situational awareness or developing maps
**Landspot** - develops **high resoloution images of a smaller ground patch**. The radar beam is continuously steered as the aircraft moves (either flyby or in circular orbit) to illuminate the same patch over a longer period of time
85
What is Collapse Factor?
Collapse Factor is the ratio of recorded area (or acquired swath) to that displayed in real-time on the display.
Trades off viewable area versus resolution
Even though it is not displayable, it is still collected.
**A higher collapse factor displays more area than a lower one**
86
When doing a Landspot, how can you tell which direction is North?
There is a tiny yellow N and diamond pointing to North
87
What is the formula to determine your radar horizon?
1.23 X √ [Altitude in feet]
For Land Spots, the maximum instrumented range is the lesser of 100 nm or the RADAR horizon
88
What are the speed limits while conducting a Landspot?
1. **Ground speeds between 150 and 350 knots**
* Below 200kts but above 150 kts, a “Degraded Imagery” alert will be displayed (less then ideal image resolution)
* If imaging initiated when a/c is beyond 150-350 kts G/S, function Alert will display "NO IMAGE MIN/MAX SPD EXCEEDED" and system alert will display "RDR MODE CHANGE FAILURE".
* Land Spot will continue to update during changes in course, speed, and altitude provided the minimums or maximums are not reached.
* If G/S is changed beyond 150-350 kts G/S while performing RADAR imaging, "Degraded Image A/C SPD“ will be displayed in as a cue. The Image may or may not stretch and will be deemed less than ideal if captured outside aircraft parameters.
89
What are the angle limits of a Landspot?
* Contact should be from **50-80 degrees** offset from the nose of the aircraft and about **30 nm** out for best image quality
* Avoid imaging near the blind arc or between 0-30 degrees of the nose as this causes degraded images
90
What tool can you use to visualize the angle limits of a Land Spot?
* Under TAC AIDS you can select LNDSPT STRIP and it will display the areas around the aircraft that can be Land Spotted
* “bat wings” pops up and shows where aircraft can provide land spot imagery.
91
You've done a Landspot or Stripmap and want to stop the image from moving so you can look at a point of interest more closely?
On the PEP, select 'FREEZE IMAGE'
## Footnote
It only freezes the image, and continues processing and recording data in the background
92
You are the SENSO and have selected the dual camera side-by-side display format. How do you know which of the two cameras you are controlling (which one is VIC)?
The Video In Control (VIC) will have a blue frame
93
Explain the difference between MANUAL, GEO TRACK, and AVT TRACK?
1. MANUAL - Switched turret tracking from automatic to manual control
2. GEO TRACK - Allows operator to hold current geo position in view. EO/IR then holds the geo position on the calculated location madew when the geo track command is recieved
3. AVT TRACK - Enables the auto video tracking function and launches the AVT PEP
94
What is thermal crossover?
Where the IR signature of two objects are indistinguishable because the IR radiation of the object is the same as the background
95
How does the Electronic Support Measures (ESM) system work?
It passively detects, identifies, analyses, Direction Finds (DF) and locates radiated Radio Frequency (RF) Electro-Magnetic (EM) energy from RF signal emitters (eg: radars) in the EM enviroment
* The system displays these RF emitters as bearings/fixes
96
What is the formula to determine the ESM horizon?
1.6 X √(AGL Altitude)
97
What do the following Threat Level Colour Codes mean?
1. Threat Level – Colour Code
* Threat level is displayed on the WTD by the background colour of the annotation and in the FN column of the Emitter List
* Annotation text is always white
98
Using the ESM Contact below, answer the following questions?
Is this a bearing or fix?
What is the affiliation of this contact?
Has it been promoted to the TACCO's plot?
1. Is this a bearing or fix?
* Fix
2. What is the affiliation of this contact?
* Neutral
3. Has it been promoted to the TACCO's plot?
* No (There is no trailing 'E' after the Emitter Number / E0047)
99
What are the TACCO duties pre-flight?
* Review relevant mission documentation
* Analyze mission intelligence
* Mission planning
* Familiarization of Area of Responsibility (AOR), mission tasking and plotting of AOR and intel on map w/ SENSO
* Determine external stores
* Tasking SENSO
* Calculate BINGO or MSFL (as required)
* Plan tactics to be employed for the mission
* Coordination with other units/agencies
* Prepare Crew brief
* Supervision of crew members and adherence to timings
**RAMPS**
100
What is the TACCO responsible for during the mission?
*executing the plan to achieve a successful outcome
* Situational awareness must be maintained at all times
* The TACCO is responsible for the following:
* Aircraft profile
* Sensor prioritization
* Mission computer steering
* Direct the crew and coordinate with other assets
* Regular situation updates to the crew
* Tactical communication and Routine communications (hourly checks with 402 Sqn while ONSTATION)
* Fuel management (as required) *can be delegated
* Maintain an accurate log
101
What is the SENSO responsible for during the mission?
* Sensor employment as directed by TACCO
* Interpretation of sensor information
* Amplifying Situational Awareness on Blind Broadcast calls
* Recommendation of flight profile to optimize sensors
* EGI hourly check (starting when the EGI is checked during PFIs)
* Maintain an accurate log
* Other tasks as directed by TACCO
102
Where can you find the EGI page to do hourly checks?
On the CDU on the TACCO station
* Select NAV page
* Select NAV Configuration
* Log applicable EGI Delta Brg and Distance
This must be done on the TACCO station, so either the SENSO must lean over to push the buttons, or the TACCO must do this so the SENSO can record the EGI bearing and drift distance
103
What are the tolerance limits for the INS?
0.8nm/hr or maximum 3.0nm
104
Define the following:
* Track Spacing
* Sweep Width
* Coverage Factor
1. Track Spacing (S): the distance between adjacent parallel search tracks.
2. Sweep Width (W): a mathematically expressed measure of detection capability based on search object characteristics, weather and other variables.
3. Coverage Factor (C): a measure of **search quality**, **C= W/S**
* If we aim for a coverage factor of 1.0, then track spacing must equal sweep width
105
Calculate the _Sweep Width_ for the following examples:
1.
* 20 person raft missing in the Atlantic Ocean
* 10 nm visibility
* 40kt winds
* Beginning of crew day
* Plan to fly the standard 180kts G/S
How does the sweep width change if the winds were calm?
How does the sweep width change if the crew is now fatigued?
2.
* 30' Fishing vessel 'Bludder 1' is missing IN THE gulf OF St Lawrence
* 15nm vis
* 15kt winds
* Crew fatigued
* Plan to fly at minimum airspeed 150kts
What if the TACCO wanted to fly at 210kt airspeed?
1. W=Wu*fw*ff*fv
* W = 3.3*0.25*1.0*1.0 --- 0.825nm
* W = 3.3*1.0*1.0*1.0 --- 3.3nm (Sweep Width Increases)
* W = 3.3*1.0*0.8*1.0 --- 2.64nm (Sweep Width Decreases)
2. W=Wu*fw*ff*fv
* W = 6.8*0.5*0.8*1.1 --- 3.0nm
* W = 6.8*0.5*0.8*0.9 --- 2.45nm
106
Draw the dimensions of the 2 areas of probability? What information is needed to use them? Which one is prioritized first?
* Require the Last Known Position (LKP) and Intended Route / Destination
* CSAD 1 is priorized first
107
You are tasked to conduc a search of a box, 80 nm x 80n, for a helicopter. It is a clear day, no clouds, visibility is endless. The area is thick forest. No more information provided. Which search pattern is most appropriate? what search parameters (Alt, Sweep Width) should you choose? How long will it take you to cover the area?
You are en route, 15 mins back from CSP, and you are then giver the aircraft's flight plan. You now have a LKP and the destination. Does your search plan change? if so how?
As you search, the vegetation opens up to grassy fields. How does this affect your search?
You find the helicopter, and evidence that the crw is no longer there. What search would you then conduct?
Search Pattern: **Creeping Line Ahead (CLA)**
Altttude: **1000' AGL**
Sweep Width: **2 nm**
Time = Area / (G/S x SW) = (80x80) / (180x2) = **17.8 hrs**
A. Yes, to Track Crawl, same parameters
B. Change search parameters,
Altitude: 1500' AGL
Sweep Width: 6 nm
108
What are the RECCE aids? (5)
**Size** – distance in gaining contact will aid in determining relative size and eliminating other possible contacts. Sometimes measuring tools provided can assist in this process
**Shape** – assist in determining between man made structures or terrain features.
**Shadows** – shadow’s can often lead to misidentification or mask RECCE features.
Since shadows tend to overemphasize aircraft features, it is sometimes better to study the shadow rather than the unit itself.
**Time of Day** – looking at night with the “Moon” in front of Target of Interest (TOI) and during the day having the “Sun” behind TOI in order to enhance or not to obscure contact. “Look Up Moon, Look Down Sun”
**Heat Signature** – will leave clues behind on target of interest (i.e. camouflage vehicles/troops and hulls of ships)
109
what's the difference between ship type, classification, and identification?
**Ship Type** - is a generic term to encompass the purpose of the ship, whether it is for civilian or military use.
**Ship Classification** - more specific information, such as the difference between a Destroyer and a Cruiser, or an oil tanker and a cargo container ship.The classification is also where specific ships are divided, such as the difference between the Halifax frigate and Udaloy 2 destroyer.
**Ship Identification** -The term for naming a specific ship, such as the difference between the HMCS Winnipeg and the HMCS Ville-de-Quebec Halifax class frigates.
110
What do you concentrate on while identifying AFV's? Why
we concentrate on the **"role"** of the vehicle. If you can recognize the role of a vehicle you will be able to report the most important information about it.
111
What is contained in the Arctic SKAD bundle?
Survival tent
Winter boots
Parkas with pants
Gloves
Sleeping bags
Radio
Stove
Candles
First aid kit
SLB 1000-200
Rope
Shovels
112
What is the standard load for an overland mission?
2 x ASKAD
30 x LUU-2 Para-flare
Total weight: **2432 lbs**
113
Why are stores ideally dropped into wind?
* Forward throw of equipment
* Better accuracy over target
* Better aircraft performance
114
Complete a FATA for a SAR mission using the following information:
Aircraft: OZNOG
SOB: 20
Equipment: Load 3 (multi-environment)
TAKEOFF time 1300Z
VFR, FL 100/090
Fuel: use max fuel
Route: CYQY- Search area- CYQY
Dist to CSP: 572 NM
WC to CSP: -10
Dist FP to land: 823 NM
WC FP to land + 10
115
Complete a FATA for a SAR mission using the following information:
Aircraft: OZNOG
SOB: 11
Equipment : Load 1
TAKEOFF time 2200Z
IFR, FL 180/250
Fuel: use max fuel
Route: CYQY-Approach- Search area- CYQY
ALT: CYHZ, 165 NM
WC Alt: +10kts
Dist to CSP: 190NM
WC to CSP: 10Kts
Dist FP to land: 375NM
WC FP to land: -25Kts
116
What information is included in routine SITREPs?
1. **Position**
2. **Update On Search** Including:
-Legs Completed
-Updates On Search Objects (Found/Not Found)
-Other Pertinent Information
3. **Bingo Time** (if there is a significant change*)
4. **Remarks**
117
# ADD PICTURE UNDER SITREP
A SWAP is a fluid and dynamic exchange of _______, _________, and ______. List some of the information included in these three items.
A SWAP is a fluid and dynamic exchange of 3 basic elements:
**Safety** - Generally speaking the incoming aircraft will establish comms with the aircraft that’s on-scene and determine:
1. Px of both A/C
2. Heading (where to, ETA?)
3. Altitude
4. Altimeter Setting (from where/when?)
**Steering** - Steering is the deconfliction plan (vertical or horizontal) – ensuring aircraft separation is maintained without the presence of an ATC.
* Methods of deconfliction:
* Horizontal and/or vertical deconfliction
* TCAS deconfliction
* IFFI deconfliction
* TACAN deconfliction
* Link deconfliction
* Visual deconfliction
**SITREP** -
* % area covered
* False sightings
* Signs of wreckage
* Comms search completed
* Have you established comms
* Patient's condition
* How long since you've found them
* What has been done/dropped
118
You're conducting a search for a missing sport boat in the North central part of Lake Winnipeg. You see a small boat that appears to fit the description and two people waving at you on George Island at 5249N 09739W. Your newest BINGO time based on this point is 18:49Z. Draft your initial NOCL.
A. Negative
B. 5249 9739
C. 2undetermined
D. 3
E. 4
F. Two people waving with boat that matches search object description; located on small island not far from Poplar River. BINGO time 18:49z
119
On a multi asset search, who is responsible for carrying out the plan for the conduc of the operation as directed by SMC?
On Scene Commander
120
Given the SAR Briefing report, please answer the following questions:
a. What is the nature of distress?
b. What are you searching for?
c. Where is the LKP? is there a flight plan info available?
d. How many people?
1. Overdue Aircraft
2. Cessna 172 Skyhawk
3. N of CYBR, clear of the zone at PX: 48 32.4N 058 33.0W Flight Plan: CYJT to CYDF, VFR
4. 4 SOB
121
A. Name 3 areas of consideration regarding environmental planning considerations?
B. Under each of those areas, what would be your primary concern in the previous example if it is a SKC day in all of the East Coast and you received the SAR Briefing report at 2000Z?
C. Would these consideration differ if the date was 21 June? How?
* Weather at Aerodromes
* Sea state
* Winds
* Temperature
* Terrain/Obstacles
* Time of Day / Illumination
B. 21 Dec - Wx -Winter: cold, survivors exposed, Snow - white aircraft could be hard to find
Terrain: Rising terrain over park
Time of Day: daylight remaining would be 3 hrs
C. 21 June - WX - summer, warm, survivors not as affected by exposure
Time of day: amount of daylight remaining would be 6+ hours
122
List three things that should and three things that should not be included in the Mission Reconstruction.
**Include**
* A/B time
* On and Off Scene // On and Off Station times and positions
* Commence Search Point (CSP) and/or Last Known Position (LKP)
* Types of SAR searches executed (if required)
* When Targets of Interest (TOIs) were positively identified and what sensor(s) was/were used
* Change of tasking
* Stores/weapons drops (including CDE, BDA, as required)
* Significant comms (ex: NOCL, SWAP, weapons sighted/dropped)
* Area coverage
* Any other significant events
**Not Include**
* PFI start
* Clearances
* Other comms, including Join, SITREPs, traffic etc
* Eyes on/eyes off contacts during RMP
* Positive ID of neutral or friendly contacts
* Hostile emitters
* When Landspot, SeaSpot and Stripmaps were completed
123
For a mission debrief, who is responsible? What questions should you ask yourself?
The TACCO
What worked well?
What would we do the same next time?
What would we do differently next time we fly this type of mission?
124
What parts of the mission debrief does the senso contribute to?
Crew Feedback
Individual Feedback
* Strengths
* Areas to Improve
* Ways to Improve
125
A. What things should you note and log upon hearing an ELT?
B. Who should you report this information to?
* Position, altitude and time when signal first heard
* ELT signal strength - when first received and when contact lost
* Position, altitude and time when signal lost
* Whether ELT signal ceased suddenly or faded
* Bearing (if able)
Report info to nearest ATC Unit Service Station
126
# ADD picture
Draw out how you would conduct an electronic search for an ELT when you have no direction finding equipment.
127
What is the Max fuel, VFR Reserve Fuel and MIN DIV Fuel?
Max Fuel: **60,000 lbs**
VFR Reserve Fuel: **3615 lbs**
MINDIV: Fly to Alternate + **4375**
128
What is the format for the SAR Crew Brief
* Situation
* Mission
* Execution
* Service & Support
* Command & Signal
129
What do you say to the pilot prior to engaging mission computer steering?
"PILOTS de TACCO, FTPs AVAILABLE, READY TO ENGAGE MISSION COMPUTER STEERING"
"ROGER, CLEARED TO ENGAGE MISSION COMPUTER STEERING"
"MISSION COMPUTER STEERING ENGAGED"
Then pass the following ETAs:
* CSP/LKP
* Bingo Time (based on FATA)
* Destination (based on FATA)
130
What is included in the Pre-search Brief?
SEARH OBJECT
* Type/Size/color/Number
* Location/Route/Dest and time of occurence
* POB, medical, experience, habits
* Other Info
SEARCH AREA
* Search pattern and Search spacing
* Aircraft configuration (altitude, speed, sensors)
* Surface elevaion, MSA, hazards and obstacles
* Weather ON SCENE
* Recovery/Alternate aerodrome
* BINGO FUEL & time
* Other SAR Assests (types, callsigns, areas, altitudes, ETAs)
* Any other pertinent inforamtion
SIGHTING PROCEDURES
* Mark procedures
131
What are the responsibilities of the On Scene Commander (OSC)?
* Monitor progress/task other SAR units
* Provide airspace deconfliction
* Recommend modifications to the search plan to the tasking authority or carry out modifications if they are unavailable
* Liase with the tasking authority and other SAR units on scene
* Maintain a detailed record of the operation
* Send SITREPs
* Advise tasking authorty to release units when no longer required
132
What are the recommended altitudes and Sweep widths for Night, Light-Mod Wooded, and Densely wooded areas?
Night: **3000 ft & 10 Nm**
Light-Moderately: **1500 ft & 6 Nm**
Densely Wooded: **1000 ft & 2 Nm**
133
What is the formula to calculate the time required to search an area?
Time (in hrs) = Search Area / (G/S x Track Spacing)
134
What are the standard mark procedures?
In the event of a sighting:
1. the pilot/spotter will call "MARK, MARK, MARK, (clock position, distance, and objected sighted)
2. TACCO selects REF MARK on the PEP and creates an OFFSET VECTOR from the REF MARK to the estimated position.
3. TACCO will then create TANGENT FTP with a radius equal to the distance reported by the spotter. (not less than 1 nm radius) The turn direction will be based on the clock direction (12-5 oclock = right turn)
4. Crew then investigates sighting PX on EOIR and visually
5. Once sighting has been localized, the TANGENT FTP position shall be refined
135
What are the standard Drop Procedures?
* Aircraft will be established in a Tangent (1 nm for flares)
* If **overland**, TACCO will provide a safety altitude within **10 nm** of the drop zone
* If **overwater**, SENSO will confirm area within **1000 yds** of drop zone is clear
* All stores will be cropped between **150-200 KIAS (170 KIAS Ideal)**
* Attitude: **straight and level**
* For drops into wind: dropped no earlier than **1000 yds prior** to the TGT, shall not be dropped past TGT
* Atltitudes:
Flares - no lower than **3750 ft AGL** (GP Chute & Tangent - 1 nm)
Smoke - **100-10,000 ft AGL** (GP Chute & Intercept)
Askad - **500-3500 ft AGL** (Bomb bay & hostile computer track)
Mskad - **200-500 ft AGL**
136
What are the Comms requirements?
1. SAR OUT MESSAGE - TACCO transmits SAR OUT msg once openwatch is complete.
2. SITREPs:
* ON SCENE msg shall be sent ASAP after On Scene is called
* TACCO shall transmit SITREP vis HF with Halifax Military to JRCC on hourly basis starting with ON SCENE msg
* OFF SCENE msg shall be transmitted ASAP after Off Scene is called
137
If retasked, what should be done to reorient the crew? (ANC)
1. Inform Crew and provide initial direction
2. Conduct quick analysis (can we do tasking?)
3. Provide general navigation to new tasking area and scan for obstacles/hazards enroute
4. Calculate BINGO fuel and time (SAR)
5. Conduct OFF and ONSTATION checks (SAR retasked)
* If SAR, OFFSCENE checks can be done as soon as tasked. If in hostile environment, OFFSTATION will be done once departing AOR.
138
What are the SENSO pre-flight duties?
1. Review relevant mission documentation
2. Analyze mission intelligence
3.Mission planning
* Familiarization of Area of Responsibility (AOR), mission tasking and plotting of AOR and intel on map w/ TACCO
* Extract latitude and longitude of AOR and pass them to TACCO
* Analyze predicted sensor performance of the day and pass to TACCO
* Review RECCE pack and threat matrix table (if required)
* Other tasks as directed by TACCO
4. Prepare Crew brief
