T3: IPC Final New Stuff

Question 1

What are the steps to resolve TPRs?

Answer 1

1. Rx accepted/entered at your pharmacy
2. Insurance company returns a rejection in real time
3. Inform the patient/caregiver
4. Notify prescriber and provide guidance for next steps
5. Communicate outcome to patient/caregiver

Question 2

What needs to be provided by the prescriber to resolve a prior authorization rejection?

Answer 2

Documentation

Question 3

What are the characteristics of a prior authorization rejection?

Answer 3

1. May take several days to resolve
2. No guaranteed approvals
3. May have higher copay
4. Communication with prescriber via fax, phone, e-message
5. Communicate with patient/caregiver via preferred method

Question 4

What is a third party payer?

Answer 4

An organization that reimburses a pharmacy or patient for all or part of the patient’s prescription drug costs

Question 5

What is a private third party payer?

Answer 5

1. Insurance company
2. May be a manufacturer or other discount programs

Question 6

What is public third party payer?

Answer 6

Government entities that pay for prescriptions through a government program (Medicaid)

Question 7

What is medicaid?

Answer 7

Funded jointly by federal and state the governments with each state determining its own prescription drug reimbursement rates

Question 8

What is medicare?

Answer 8

Government program that provides health insurance for the elderly and disabled, implemented a voluntary Medicare Part D program in 2006

Question 9

What are the types of third party payers?

Answer 9

1. Private
2. Public

Question 10

What is a PBM?

Answer 10

Hired by third parties to provide prescription claims processing and other services

Question 11

What is the number for poison control?

Answer 11

800-222-1222

Question 12

What are examples of safe medication practices?

Answer 12

1. Be proactive
2. Minimize distractions
3. Store drugs properly
4. Throughly check all prescriptions
5. Provide patient counseling
6. Repeat and verify phone prescriptions
7. Develop positive ways of managing stress
8. Organize the workplace and develop routines
9. Watch zeros and abbreviations
10. Clarify any uncertainties or doubts

Question 13

How can we be proactive?

Answer 13

1. Create a culture of safety
2. Report great catches and near misses

Question 14

How should we patient counsel?

Answer 14

1. Show and tell method
2. IHS questions

Question 15

How much of errors are discovered during patient counseling?

Answer 15

83%

Question 16

How should we repeat and verify phone prescriptions?

Answer 16

Repeat back each piece of information and place a check mark next to that information

Question 17

How should we organize the workplace and develop routines?

Answer 17

This includes the space, environment, and workflow

Question 18

How should we clarify any uncertainties and doubts?

Answer 18

Don’t guess

Question 19

Where do we reports for voluntary practitioner/med errors?

Answer 19

MERP (medication error)

Question 20

Where do we report vaccines?

Answer 20

VERP

Question 21

Where can consumers report errors?

Answer 21

C-MERP

Question 22

What is ISMP?

Answer 22

Used to report med errors
1. MERP
2. VERP
3. C-MERP

Question 23

What is FDA MedWatch?

Answer 23

Used to report errors and adrs
Online voluntary reporting for health professionals, consumers, and patients

Question 24

What do you report to the FDA MedWatch?

Answer 24

1. Unexpected side effects or adverse events
2. Product quality problems
3. Product use/medication errors that can be prevented
4. Therapeutic failures

Question 25

How should you report Vaccine adrs?

Answer 25

VAERS

Question 26

What is VAERS?

Answer 26

1. Anyone can submit reports 2. Professionals are encouraged to report admin errors and any ADRs that occur after admin whether or not it is clearly vaccine related

Question 27

What are healthcare professional required to report by law?

Answer 27

1. Any adverse event listed in the VAERS table of reportable events following vaccination 2. Any adverse event listed by the manufacturer as a contraindication to further doses

Question 28

What are the common causes of pharmacist errors?

Answer 28

1. Prescribing/ordering errors 2. Dispensing errors 3. Admin errors

Question 29

What is the prime problem of admin errors?

Answer 29

Communication

Question 30

What are examples of dispensing errors?

Answer 30

Wrong drug/wrong dose make up about 75% of liability claims

Question 31

How much does prescribing and ordering errors make up?

Answer 31

50%

Question 32

What is burnout?

Answer 32

Unproductive occupational stress that does not go away and cannot be managed by the individual alone

Question 33

How does burn out affect us?

Answer 33

1. Impact our own mental health 2. It impacts decision making, patient safety, and clinical outcomes 3. Health professional are at higher risk

Question 34

What is resilience?

Answer 34

1. The capacity to respond positively and adapt to daily stressors by developing personal resources that allow one to transcend immediate issues 2. Return to baseline after a period of adversity

Question 35

How can resilience lead to growth?

Answer 35

A person becomes stronger emotionally, builds better social relationships, or develops stronger character strengths as a result of challenging experiences

Question 36

Why does resilience matter?

Answer 36

1. Key to preventing burnout 2. Key to recovering burnout

Question 37

How can resilience prevent burnout?

Answer 37

1. Insulates us from burnout 2. Turns unproductive stress into productive stress 3. Promotes growth by drawing on personal strengths and adaptive strategies

Question 38

How can resilience help recover from burnout?

Answer 38

1. Provides a healthy defense mechanism 2. Helps replenish our cognitive, physiological, and emotional stores

Question 39

What are the tools for building resilience?

Answer 39

1. Vision 2. Self awareness 3. Self care 4. Boundaries 5. Connection 6. Tenacity 7. Hope 8. Gratitude

Question 40

What is vision?

Answer 40

Get a clear picture in your mind of what you want

Question 41

What is the action step for vision?

Answer 41

1. Discover your why 2. Keep your vision in front of you

Question 42

What is self-awareness?

Answer 42

1. Helps build resilience 2. Resilience helps replenish our emotional stores

Question 43

What are the action steps of self-awareness?

Answer 43

1. Be attentive (Why impacts me) 2. Have a plan (What helps me)

Question 44

What is self-care?

Answer 44

1. Not same as self centered 2. Aligning your habits with you vision to create whole person health 3. All the pieces of self-care are interconnected

Question 45

What are the action steps of self-care?

Answer 45

1. Take inventory 2. Start small

Question 46

What are the concepts of boundaries?

Answer 46

1. Stewarding time (TMM) 2. Stewarding energy 3. Stewarding relationships 4. Stewarding finances

Question 47

What is connection?

Answer 47

1. We are wired for connection 2. Connection reduces stress levels in the brain 3. Social support may be the single most important resilience strategies

Question 48

What are the action steps of connection?

Answer 48

1. Develop supportive relationships 2. Ask for help 3. Find a mentor

Question 49

What is tenacity?

Answer 49

1. Persistance in seeking something you desire value 2. Choose the frame through which you see yourself and your circumstances

Question 50

What are the action steps of tenacity?

Answer 50

1. Be creative 2. Don't give up 3. Keep your vision in front of you

Question 51

What is hope?

Answer 51

1. Desire accompanied by expectation of fulfillment 2. Those with high hopes cope better 3. It influences emotions

Question 52

What are the action steps for hope?

Answer 52

1. Discover your hope 2. Fuel hope

Question 53

What is gratitude?

Answer 53

Increase happiness, mood, and resilinece

Question 54

What are the action steps of gratitude?

Answer 54

1. Be a good finder 2. Acknowledge the gifts

Question 55

How does mental attitude impact resilience?

Answer 55

1. Your brain is malleable and adaptable 2. Resilience starts in the mind

Question 56

How do you calculate CrCl?

Answer 56

Question 57

What type of body weight we use for CrCl?

Answer 57

Actual < Ideal use Actual Actual ≈ ideal use ideal Actual > 130% ideal

Question 58

How do you calculate IBW?

Answer 58

Question 59

How do you calculate AjBW?

Answer 59

Question 60

What is the trough goal of vancomycin?

Answer 60

10-20mcg/mL 15-20 mg/L for severe infections 10-15 mg/L for less severe infections

Question 61

What is the peak goal of vancomycin?

Answer 61

30-40 mcg/mL

Question 62

What is the AUC goal for vancomycin?

Answer 62

400-600 mcg/mL

Question 63

When would you use conventional dosing for gentamicin?

Answer 63

1. Renal insufficiency 2. Pregnancy 3. Ascites 4. Burns (>20%) 5. Synergy in gram positive infections

Question 64

When would you use extended dosing for gentamicin?

Answer 64

Preferred method unless contraindicated

Question 65

What is the conventional dose of gentamicin?

Answer 65

3-5mg/kg/day divided every 8 hrs

Question 66

What is the extended dose of gentamicin?

Answer 66

5-7mg/kg/day

Question 67

What is are fishbone diagrams?

Answer 67

Question 68

What is a visual learning styles?

Answer 68

1. Observation 2. Pictures 3. Written directions

Question 69

What is auditory learning styles?

Answer 69

1. Lectures 2. Reading outloud 3. Verbal explanations

Question 70

What is kinesthetic learning styles?

Answer 70

1. Touching 2. Moving 3. Acting

Question 71

What is reading/writing learning styles?

Answer 71

1. Expression through writing 2. Reading articles