Table 6.1

Question 1

Involuntary oscillatory movement resulting from alternate contractions of opposing muscle groups

Answer 1

Tremor

Question 2

Oscillatory movement during voluntary motion; increases as the limb nears target; diminished or absent at rest

Answer 2

Intention (Kinetic)

Question 3

Exaggerated oscillatory movement of the body in standing posture or of a limb held against gravity

Answer 3

Postural (static)

Question 4

Rhythmic oscillations of the head; axial involvement of the trunk

Answer 4

Titubation

Question 5

Inability to initiate movement; associated with fixed postures

Answer 5

Akinesia

Question 6

Slow, involuntary, writhing, twisting, “wormlike” movements; frequently greater involvement in distal UEs

Answer 6

Athetosis

Question 7

Involuntary, rapid, irregular, jerky movements involving multiple joints; most apparent in UEs

Answer 7

Chorea

Question 8

Movement disorder with features of both chorea and athetosis

Answer 8

Choreoathetosis

Question 9

Sustained involuntary contractions of agonist and antagonist muscles

Answer 9

Dystonia (dystonic movements)

Question 10

Large-amplitude sudden, violent, flailing motions of the arm and leg of one side of the body

Answer 10

Hemiballismus

Question 11

Abnormally increased muscle activity or movement

Answer 11

Hyperkinesis

Question 12

Decreased motor response especially to a specific stimulus

Answer 12

Hypokinesis

Question 13

Increase in muscle tone causing greater resistance to passive movement; greater in flexor muscles

Answer 13

Rigidity

Question 14

Lead-pipe (type of rigidity)

Answer 14

Uniform, constant resistance as limb is moved

Question 15

Cogwheel (type of rigidity)

Answer 15

Series of brief relaxations or “catches” as limb is passively moved

Question 16

Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movement observed at rest

Answer 16

Tremor (resting)

Question 17

What type of pathology is a tremor (intention and postural)?

Answer 17

Cerebellar Pathology

Question 18

What type of pathology is titubation?

Answer 18

Cerebellar Pathology

Question 19

What type of pathology is akinesia?

Answer 19

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 20

What type of pathology is athetosis?

Answer 20

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 21

What type of pathology is bradykinesia?

Answer 21

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 22

What type of pathology is chorea?

Answer 22

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 23

What type of pathology is choreoathetosis?

Answer 23

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 24

What type of pathology is dystonia?

Answer 24

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 25

What type of pathology is hemiballismus?

Answer 25

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 26

What type of pathology is hyperkinesis?

Answer 26

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 27

What type of pathology is hypokinesis?

Answer 27

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 28

What type of pathology is rigidity (lead-pipe and cogwheel)?

Answer 28

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 29

What type of pathology is a tremor (resting)

Answer 29

Basal Ganglia Pathology

Question 30

What type of pathology is asthenia?

Answer 30

Cerebellar

Question 31

What type of pathology is asynergia?

Answer 31

Cerebellar

Question 32

What type of pathology is delayed reaction time

Answer 32

Cerebellar

Question 33

What type of pathology is dysarthria?

Answer 33

Cerebellar

Question 34

What type of pathology is dysdiadochokinesa?

Answer 34

Cerebellar

Question 35

What type of pathology is dysmetria?

Answer 35

Cerebellar

Question 36

What type of pathology is dyssynergia

Answer 36

Cerebellar

Question 37

What type of pathology are gait disorders?

Answer 37

Cerebellar

Question 38

What type of pathology is hypotonia?

Answer 38

Cerebellar

Question 39

What type of pathology is hypermetria?

Answer 39

Cerebellar

Question 40

What type of pathology is hypometria?

Answer 40

Cerebellar

Question 41

What type of pathology is nystagmus?

Answer 41

Cerebellar

Question 42

What type of pathology is rebound phenomenon?

Answer 42

Cerebellar

Question 43

Generalized muscle weakness

Answer 43

Asthenia

Question 44

Loss of ability to associate muscles together for complex movements

Answer 44

Asynergia

Question 45

Increased time required to initiate voluntary movement

Answer 45

Delayed reaction time

Question 46

Disorder of the motor component of speech articulation

Answer 46

Dysarthria

Question 47

Impaired ability to perform rapid alternating movement

Answer 47

Dysdiadochoknesia

Question 48

Movement performed in a sequence of component parts rather than as a single smooth acitivity; decomposition

Answer 48

Dyssynergia

Question 49

Ataxic pattern; broad base of support; postural instability; high-guard position of UEs

Answer 49

Gait disorders

Question 50

Decrease in muscle tone

Answer 50

Hypotonia

Question 51

Overestimation of distance or range needed to accomplish a movement

Answer 51

Hypermetria

Question 52

Underestimation of distance or range needed to accomplish a movement

Answer 52

Hypometria

Question 53

Rhythmic, quick, oscillatory, back-and-forth movement of the eyes

Answer 53

Nystagmus

Question 54

Inability to halt forceful movement after resistive stimulus removed; patient unable to stop sudden limb motion

Answer 54

Rebound phenomenon

Question 55

Decreased amplitude and velocity of voluntary movement

Answer 55

Bradykinesia

Question 56

Inability to judge the distance or range of a movement

Answer 56

Dysmetria