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Mineralogy > Tectosilicates > Flashcards

Tectosilicates Flashcards

1
Q

Tectosilicates Formula

A

SiO2

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2
Q

Tectosilicates also known as

A

Framework Silicates

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3
Q

Tectosilicate minerals are known to be

A

Highly durable

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4
Q

They make up about what % of the earth’s crust

A

75%

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5
Q

Subgroups of Tectosilicates

A

Silica Group
Plagioclase Feldspar/Alkali
Feldspathoids
Scapolite
Zeolites

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6
Q

It is the most abundant minerals in the Earth’s crust, making up about 90% of it’s volume.

A

Silica

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7
Q

Alpha Quartz

A

Amethyst
Rose Quartz
Smokey Quartz

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8
Q

Chemical Formula of Quartz

A

SiO2

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9
Q

One of the most abundant minerals on Earth, comprising about 12% of the Earth’s crust by volume.

A

Quartz

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10
Q

Varieties of Quartz

A

Amethyst
Rose Quartz
Smokey Quartz
Milky Quartz
Pure Quartz
Citrine
Blue Quartz
Aventurine
Morion

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11
Q

Why alpha quartz are called true quartz?

A

Quartz being the final mineral that forms in the Bowen’s series, becoming resistant to weathering making alpha quartz the purest form of quartz.

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12
Q

Varieties of Chalcedony

A

Chert
Flint
Carnelian
Jasper
Blue Agate
Sardonyx
Fire Agata
Chrysoprase
Heliotrope
Damsonite
Iris Agate
Onyx

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13
Q

Rose Quartz color is caused by?

A

Dumortierite

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14
Q

Smokey Quartz color is caused by?

A

Presence of aluminum (irradiated)

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15
Q

Milky Quartz color is caused by?

A

Fluid inclusions

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16
Q

a.k.a rock crystal

A

Pure Quartz

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17
Q

Citrine color is caused by?

A

Aluminum/Iron

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18
Q

Blue quartz color is caused by?

A

Inclusions of fibrous minerals such as crocidolite and of tourmaline.

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19
Q

Aventurine color is caused by?

A

Fuschite

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20
Q

Morion color caused by?

A

Exposure to natural radiation (black)

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21
Q

Carnelian reddish variety cause

A

Iron Oxide Impurities

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22
Q

Jasper inclusions

A

Hematite and iron hydroxides

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23
Q

Blue Agate color cause

A

Iron, Manganese or copper

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24
Q

Sardonyx Color and cause

A

Reddish-brown and presence of iron oixde

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25
Q

Fire Agate inclusions

A

Geothite or limonite

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26
Q

Chrysoprase color and cause

A

Apple-green and presence of Ni-bearing silicates

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27
Q

Heliotrope a.k.a and color and cause

A

Bloodstone, Greenish-blue, inclusions of chlorite and amphiboles

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28
Q

Damsonite color and cause

A

Light violet, manganese

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29
Q

Iris Agate cause

A

Presence of a diffraction grating structure

30
Q

Onyx color and cause

A

Black and white, caused by alternating silica minerals

31
Q

Play of colors which is caused by defraction of white light

A

Opalescence

32
Q

The most abundant mineral group on Earth and make up of nearly 60% of Earth’s crust

A

Feldspar

33
Q

one of the key applications of feldspar

A

Indicator Mineral

34
Q

Potassium feldspar group consists of three main minerals:

A

Orthoclase, microline and sanidine

35
Q

Orthoclase, microline and sanidine crystal systems

A

Orthoclase - Monoclinic
Microline - Triclinic
Sanidine - Monoclinic

36
Q

Most well known gemstone of the feldspar group

A

Moonstone

37
Q

Moonstone is known for it’s?

A

Glowing color sheen that resembles the moonlight.

38
Q

A deep green or greenish-blue variety of microline also called

A

Amazon stone (Amazonite)

39
Q

White or colorless, transparent variety of sanidine

A

Adularia

40
Q

Most common rock-forming minerals found mostly in igneous and metamorphic rocks

A

Plagioclase Feldspar Gtoup

41
Q

Minerals in the Plagioclase are a homogenous mixture of?

A

Albite and Anorthite

42
Q

Refers to the series of minerals because their similarities that make them hard to tell apart.

A

Plagioclase

43
Q

ABLAOA Minerals (% Calcium, % Sodium)

A

Anorthite 100 - 0
Bytownite 80 - 20
Labradorite 60 - 40
Andesine 40 - 60
Oligoclase 20 - 80
Albite 0 - 100

44
Q

Isomorphous series between?

A

Albite and Anorthite

45
Q

An effect that causes a mineral to display dark, metallic-like color shimmers

A

Labradorescence

46
Q

Transparent labradorite with copper inclusions

A

Sunstone

47
Q

An optical effect when a mineral displays a milky, bluish luster across a mineral’s surface

A

Adularescence

48
Q

A term for Moonstone

A

Adularia

49
Q

A variety of Albite

A

Peristerite

50
Q

Family of minerals rich in Na, K, and Ca aluminosilicates

A

Feldspathoid Group

51
Q

Feldspathoid Group are restricted to

A

Quartz-free rocks

52
Q

Minerals under Feldspathoid Group

A

Nepheline
Leucite
Cancrinite

53
Q

Cancrinite Group Minerals

A

Franzinite
Liottite
MIcrosommite
Afghanite

54
Q

Pink or purple variety of Sodalite and cause

A

Hackmanite, sulfur giving tenebrescence

55
Q

Reversible photochromism, when a mineral changes color in direct sunlight and turns back into its original color in the dark.

A

Tenebrescence

56
Q

Sodalite Group Minerals

A

Lazurite
Hauyne
Nosean

57
Q

Blue variety of Sodalite

A

Lazurite

58
Q

Hauyne

A

Blue color, sulfate bearing

59
Q

Nosean Color

A

Colorless / White

60
Q

A group of minerals related by complex solution substitutions.

A

Scapolite

61
Q

Scapolite minerals are easily attacked by?

A

Weathering

62
Q

Minerals under Scapolite

A

Marialite
Meinoite

63
Q

Aluminosilicate minerals with a three-dimensional framework structure

A

Zeolites

64
Q

In Ancient times, zeolites was used as natural minerals for purposes such as

A

Water purification

65
Q

Zeolites were also used as a?

A

Catalyst (oil refining)

66
Q

Minerals Under Zeolite

A

Analcime
Natrolite
Laumontite
Stilbite

67
Q

Consists of hydrated sodium aluminum silicate in cubic crystalline form.

A

Analcime

68
Q

Ferruginous variety of analcime

A

Cluthalite

69
Q

White and powdery crystal

A

Laumontite

70
Q

Laumontite Variety

A

Leonhardite

71
Q

Alias for Stilbite

A

Desmine

Mineralogy (19 decks)

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