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Flashcards in Test 1 Part 1 Deck (36)
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1
Q

What is the measure of long term blood sugar control?

A

Hgb A1C

2
Q

What is the normal percent of hemoglobin that is glycosylated ?

A

4-6%

3
Q

What in an abnormal measurement for percent of hemaglobin glycosylated ?

A

> 6.4

4
Q

What are stool testings used for?

A

Fat malabsorption, GI flora, blood, pathogens

5
Q

What is ordered with unexplained anemia?

A

Fecal occult blood test

6
Q

What cytokines let you know their is inflammation?

A

IL-1 beta, TNF-a, IL-6

7
Q

How can cytokines and eicosanoids cause edema?

A

They increase muscle breakdown and cause redistribution of plasma proteins.

8
Q

How do cytokines inhibit transferrin ?

A

They decrease production on RBC and pull iron away from hemoglobin to ferritin.

9
Q

Are lab tests for anemia reliable when inflammation is present?

A

Noooooooooo nope nah

10
Q

Size of RBC in microcytic anemia?

A

<80

11
Q

Size of RBC in macrocytic anemia?

A

<99

12
Q

Microcytic anemia is most likely what kind of deficiency?

A

Iron (maybe copper tho)

13
Q

Macrocytic anemia is most likely what deficiency ?

A

Folate or B12`

14
Q

Antioxidant vitamins?

A

C and E

15
Q

Mineral with antioxidant role?

A

She

16
Q

Photochemicals with oxidative stress/

A

Carotenoids

17
Q

What are some aox enzymes?

A

Superoxide mutase, catalase, glutathione

18
Q

What is the biomarker found in urine for oxidative stress?

A

F2-isoprostates

19
Q

What is the enzyme that oxidizes LDL?

A

Myeloperoxidase (MPO)

20
Q

What is used to measure carotienoid level In skin?

A

Raman spectroscopy

21
Q

What deficiency is associated with poor wound healing?

A

Protein, vit C, zinc

22
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with pallor?

A

Iron, folate, b12

23
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with general dermatitis ?

A

Zinc EFA

24
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with follicular hyperkeratotsis ?

A

Vit A or EFA

25
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with petechiae or ecchymoses?

A

Vitamin K or C

26
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with dementia?

A

Thiamin, nicain, b12

27
Q

A deficiency in what is associated with tetany ?

A

Calcium or magnesium def, sodium or phos excess

28
Q

What are components of the funtional nutritional assessment?

A

Ingestion, digestion, utilization.

29
Q

Food decreases iron supp absorption by what?

A

50%

30
Q

OJ increases iron absorption by what?

A

85%

31
Q

You should separate mineral supps from meds by how long?

A

2-6 hours

32
Q

What increases metabolism of Vit D, folate and biotin?

A

Tegretol

33
Q

What depletes folate?

A

Methotrexate

34
Q

What depletes CoQ10?

A

Statins

35
Q

What decrease potassium excretion ?

A

ACE inhibitions

36
Q

What do cortiosteroids do to sodium excretion, calcium, potassium?

A

Decrease sodium excretion, increase potassium and calcium excretion