test 2 Flashcards
1
Q
what were the 2 events that altered the way that indigenous art was practiced?
A
when the railroad was completed and the buffalo was hunted in to extinction
the forced removal of plains native Americans to reserves
2
Q
when was the rail road compleated?
A
1869
3
Q
how did the forced removal of the plains native Americans impact their lives?
A
it shattered their former lives
4
Q
finish this quote: the reservation era in the United States _________
A
the reservation era in the united states “was a time of profound cultural upheaval”
5
Q
how did the reservation era change indigenous life style?
A
it changed their lifestyle from one that was defined by ecology to one that was place based
6
Q
what did the shift from ecological lifestyle to place based lifestyle change?
A
this shift opened up a creative vein
7
Q
how did the shift from ecological lifestyle to place based lifestyle change their lives?
A
because indigenous people were forced to use the ecological materials in their reserve and they did not have a large plot of land with different ecological zones
8
Q
what do ledger drawings offer?
A
a network of a different form of recording
9
Q
what are 4 reasons why does indigenous are, culture and history matter?
A
it tells a story of the past and the struggles of the past
it teaches lessons from the past so people do not repeat the same mistakes
it serves as a living link to the past so it never goes extinct
art tells the truths of people struggles
10
Q
did indigenous people have a massive plot of land until the government took it away?
A
yes
11
Q
are indigenous people good at adapting?
A
yes
12
Q
where are the 5 places the Lakota, Lakota and Dakota people from?
A
treaty 1
skaktchawan
montana
north Dakota
South Dakota
13
Q
who is Arthur Ammiot?
A
a Lakota artist who was born on pine ridge reserve, he paints about Lakota history
14
Q
where was Arthur Ammiot from?
A
pine ridge reserve
15
Q
what nation nation was Arthur Ammiot from?
A
Lakota
16
Q
what was wounded knee?
A
land of the Lakota people
17
Q
what was the battle wounded knee?
A
it was a battle between the Lakota people and the US army and FBI, they were fighting over the Lakota land called “wounded knee”
18
Q
finish the quote: “to under stand art you need to under stand_______”
A
to understand art you need to under stand “who people are and where they are from”
19
Q
who is Oscar howe?
A
Oscar how is a yanktonai Dakota artist, he was one of the most innovative native American painters of the 20th century
20
Q
how does Oscar Howe want his art to be seen?
A
he wants his art to be seem on the same field as another cultures are, he is not wanting his art to be seen as a protest but as a recounting of true facts
21
Q
when was the Sundance banned in the US?
A
1883
22
Q
when was the Sundance banned in canada?
A
1895
23
Q
why was the Sundance banned?
A
to help civilize native Americans
24
Q
what was the ghost dance?
A
it was a spiritual practice that stoped trade goods allowed in, this encouraged an alternate way to honour the creator
25
why was the ghost dance created?
as a messianic form of protection
26
when did the ghost dance end?
1890
27
why did the ghost dance end?
due to the slaughter at wounded knee
the land reservations that they were placed in where not resource rich
28
who was silver horn?
a Kiowa artist from the plains
29
what happened when the Lakota people were placed in once place with less resources?
their art became more creative due to the lack of resources
30
name 5 artists from through out the course?
Charles loloma
Oscar howe
Arthur Ammiot
Diego remaro
kent monk man
31
who is charels loloma?
Charles Loloma was a hopi native American artist who was know for his jewlery
32
who is Diego Remaro?
Diego remaro was a puebllo visual artist who is know for is ceramics and pottery
33
what nation is Diego remaro from?
puebllo
34
what nation was Charles loloma from?
hopi
35
who is Kent monkman?
kent monkman is a cree artist from fisher river who is known for his political paintings
36
what nation is kent monkman from?
cree
37
where is kent monkman from?
fisher river,manitoba
38
what band is kent monkman a member of?
fisher river band
39
what was the Dakota 38?
it was 38 Dakota men who were executed by hanging under orders from president Abraham Lincoln
40
what is the poem "38" about?
it is about the lying and deceit of the government towards the Dakota and souix people and how they took their land and forced in to reserves to starve to death
41
who wrote the poem "38"?
layli long soilder
42
who is Horace poolaw?
a kiowa photographer
43
what does Horace Poolaw's photography reveal?
it reveals an invisible era of American Indian history
44
what is turtle island?
North America
45
what are the 4 regions of Inuit in turtle island?
Inuvialuit
Nunavut
nunavick
Nunatsiavut
46
where is Inuvialuit region?
Northwest Territories
47
is the Nunavut region?
Nunavut
48
where is the nunavick region?
northern quebec
49
where is the Nunatsiavut region?
northern Labrador
50
what are the 6 things wrong with the canadian coat of arms?
british flag
French flag
crown
unicorn
African lion
european plants
51
why is the canadian coat of arms wrong?
because it doesn't truly represent the canadian people
52
what is the Inuit way of thinking?
there are many people inside of you like, friends and family
53
what is a Sedna?
the Inuit creator god
54
what is muktuk?
whale blubber
55
what is an ulu?
a traditional women's knife, used for any cooking or cutting needs
56
what his the ulu used for?
any cooking or cutting needs
57
what is the Inuit belief when you kill an animal?
if you killed something you would have to share it with your neighbour or else they wouldn't share with you
58
when did Nunavut become canada 3rd territory?
April 1, 1999
59
what Canadian territory is Nunavut?
canadas 3rd territory
60
how big is Nunavut?
2 million square kilometres
61
what percentage of Canadas land mass is Nunavut?
roughly 20% of Canadas land mass
62
what is Nunavuts largest community?
iqualout
63
what does "qallunaq" mean?
it was the way that the Inuit people described the bones on the eyebrows sit and how they protrude on white people
64
what did the government make the Inuit people do in the 40's 50's and 60's?
wear dog tags to identify them as Inuit people
65
why did the government make Inuit people dog tags?
they made them wear dog tags to identify them as Inuit people and reduce them down to a number and a dog tag
66
what nation is indigenous to the north?
the Inuit
67
what is the Inuit language?
inuktatook
68
are the Inuit people diverse across the north?
yes
69
when was the Inuit referendum?
1992
70
how was the Inuit referendum ended?
it ended in a 69% vote in favour of land-claim agreements
71
what are land-claim agreements?
an agreement that outlines conditions for individuals who hunt, trap and fish within the Settlement Area
72
is there a great coherence across of religious ideologies in the north?
yes
73
what form do shamans normally come in?
animal form
74
what are shamans considered to Inuit families?
they were considered family members
75
what is the struggle that people face when being born in to indigenous famlies?
the struggle of learning European culture and not forgetting their past and culture
76
what does "qimmit" mean?
their dogs
77
what are "qimmit" (dogs) considered as, by Inuit families?
they are considered to be part of the family
78
why did the government invade up north?
to mine resources like gold, Dimond and uranium
79
what was the "dog ordinance"?
a law that let the RCMP kill dogs that were not tied up, thus targeted the inuit dogs
80
did the RCMP give an explanation for why they killed their dogs?
no, there was a truth and reconciliation committee that tried to get an explanation but the government said it was part of a larger policy and forced the Inuit to settle
81
what is the Yup'ik?
they are a community that is very far up north, they are very small and remote
82
how many yup'ik tribal members are in the Yup'ik delta?
about 20,000 yup'k tribal members
83
what are the suicide rates in the yup'k regions and Nunavut?
there are 111 suicides in every 100,000 people
84
what is the are the 3 big reasons of the big suicide rates in the yup'ik regions and Nunavut?
having to live in 2 cultures
being removed from your culture
having to live a double life
(these all are describing the same thing)
85
what caused the over commercialization of beaver pelts?
when the Europeans came to turtle island
86
when is eye contact done by indigenous people?
when a closer relationship is formed with a person
87
who are the 2 perpetrators in residential schools?
RCMP (government)
the church
88
when did residential schools end?
1997
89
what percent of men in prisons are indigenous?
40% of men in prisons are indigenous but they are only 4 percent of the population
90
why are 40% of men in prisons indigenous but they only make up 4% of the population?
because of the intergenerational trauma that has put them in a position where they have to commit crimes
91
where do indigenous histories believe us to come from?
the stars
92
what is the grease trial?
it was a sacred trial that was used to create a large trade network
93
why is the grease trail called the "grease trail"?
due to the frequent trade of fish grease on this trail
94
4 men decided to take this journey through the path, it was very grown over, who left a trail for these men to go through?
the elk
95
what are elk considered in indigenous world view?
guides
96
what is the grease trail origin story?
it is a trail that takes them to end end of their territory, this is believed to take them to the end of their world
97
how is the grease trail connected to indigenous sovereignty?
due to its relation to the land
98
what are "the little people"?
they are seen as workers for the creators who provide protection
99
what are the 8 teachings that bring people hope?
language
knowledge
family
medicine
ceremony
tradition
joy
hope
100
where was wounded knee?
on the one ridge Indian reservation in south dakota
101
where 6 place the Lakota people are from?
montana
Wyoming
colorado
Nebraska
south Dakota
north dakota
102
where are 4 places the Dakota people are from?
montana
Wyoming
North Dakota
South Dakota
103
what is an example of the art of adornment?
impractical moccasins- wealthy horse riders wore fancy beaded sole moccasins to show they did not need to walk on the ground often
104
what is hunka?
a Lakota ceremony that blesses a child with "moral generosity towards others"
105
what is an example of 20th century bead work?
digital bead work
106
what is the largest "legal" mass execution in US history?
the Dakota 38
107
why did the Dakota 38 happen?
the 38 men were hanged to due to souix uprising, during the 1800s when the us "purchased" land from the Dakota people the Dakota leaders did not fully understand the terms and felt like they were tricked
108
what is a result of the Dakotas people land being taken?
they had no land and were exiled
109
what do the Dakota people do now as a memorial to the Dakota 38?
there is a group that conduct a memorial horse ride from lower rule, South Dakota to mankato Minnesota, the memorial riders travel 325 miles on horse back for 18 days, they end their journey on December 26, the day of the hanging
110
what Is the group of Dakota 38 memorial riders called?
Dakota 38 + 2 riders
111
did traders extend store credit to starving Dakota people?
no, they did not extend store credit to "Indians"
112
what did trader Andrew Myrick say about the starving Dakota people?
"if they are hungry, let them eat grass"
113
what does "racism in a can" refer to?
the treaties that were signed between the Ojibwe and US Government regarding the right to the Ojibwa to hunt, fish and gather on ceded land. the US did not up hold their end of the bargin. in 1987, the Stop Treaty Abuse (STA) organization launched treaty beer as a means to raise funds to support organizations and political candidates committed to ending treaties
114
what does the "spear this" poster refer to?
the anti treaty moment was highly charged, the public and government posted posters with a gun saying "spear this" as a way to fight back against their spear fishing
115
what is an autonym?
preferred term or term of self-identification
116
what is an exonym?
name in euro-north Amercican history
117
where is the wet,suwet'en territory?
Houston or kitmat, interior BC
118
where is Eeyou Istchee?
east side of James bay in northern Quebec
119
what is the English name for "Eeyou Istchee"?
James bay
120
Name the number of current
province/ territories that
have # treaties on them?
6-
BC
Manitoba
skatchawan
Ontario
northwest territory
121
where are the 3 places the dene nation is located?
northwest territories
Manitoba
Alaska
122
where are the 3 places the Navajo (dine) nation is located?
arizona
Utah
new mexico
123
name 6 Iroquoian nations?
oneida
onondaga
seneca
cayuga
tuscadora
mohawk
124
where are 4 places you can find the Iroquoian?
southwestern Ontario
eastern Ontario
upstate New York
western quebec
125
what were the 4 nations part of the wentdat confederacy?
huron went of wendake
wyandotte Oklahoma
Wyandot nation of kansas
Wyandot of Michigan
126
what are the 3 home territories of there Tlingit?
Alaska
bc
Yukon
127
where do the Inuvialuit Inuit live?
Northwest Territories
128
where do the nunatsiavut Inuit live?
labrador
129
what are 6 nations that originally hold territory in BC?
Haida
haisla
nuu'chah'nulth
wet'suwet'en
talhatan
tutonche
130
what are 2 current locations where Inuit were forcibly relocated to?
grise fjord
inukjuak
131
where is tadousac located?
quebec
132
where is tsu tsina?
Alberta
133
where is saniquiliac?
Nunavut
134
where is red sucker lake?
Manitoba
135
where is la ronge?
Saskatchewan
136
what nations are in the;
opaskwayak reserve
o-pipon-na-piwin reserve?
cree
137
where are the;
opaskwayak reserve
o-pipon-na-piwin reserve?
central and northern Manitoba
138
what nation lives in tadoule lake?
dene
139
where is tadoule lake?
Manitoba
140
where is webequie?
northern Manitoba
141
what nation lives in webequie?
anishinaabe
142
what are 3 reserves within an hour and a half drive from Winnipeg?
sakeeing
Dakota tipi
Rouseau river
long plain
Dakota plains
broken head
143
who is miss chief eagle testickle?
a fluid character and another form of kent monkman, he feels it is a representation is his story and truth
144
what happened in 1763?
the proclamation act
145
what was the proclamation act?
this is when all of the French territory in North America was transferred in to the hands of the British
146
what happened in 1867?
canadian federation
147
what was the canadian federation?
this was when canada became a country
148
what happened in 1876?
the Indian act
149
what was the Indian act?
The Indian Act is a Canadian act of Parliament that concerns registered Indians, their bands, and the system of Indian reserves
150
what happened in 1982?
cananda repatriated our constitution
151
what is the repatriation of canandian constitution?
It transferred the country's highest law, the constitution act, from the authority of the British Parliament to Canada's federal and provincial legislatures
