Test 2

Question 1

Plants lacking well-developed conducting systems such as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts have been called ___.

Answer 1

Bryophytes

Question 2

Which plants are characterized by a conducting system, the possession of cuticles, specialized stems, and roots, stomata, and in many species, seeds?

Answer 2

Tracheophytes

Question 3

Bryophytes, like ferns and certain other tracheophyte plants, require what?

Answer 3

Water to reproduce sexually

Question 4

The colorless rootlike projections of mosses, liverworts, and hornworts, which anchor them to the substrate are called ___.

Answer 4

Rhizoids

Question 5

Which of the following tissues transport water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots?

Answer 5

Xylem

Question 6

Carbohydrates are transported away from the green parts of the plant by the cells of ___.

Answer 6

Phloem

Question 7

A process unique to angiosperms is ___ ___.

Answer 7

Double fertilization

Question 8

Fertilization in angiosperms leads to the formation of a diploid zygote and the typically triploid primary ___ ___.

Answer 8

Endosperm nucleus

Question 9

Well-developed vascular systems are absent in all of the following except ___.

Answer 9

Pterophytes

Question 10

Survival on land for organisms is difficult because of the problem of ___.

Answer 10

Desiccation

Question 11

Plant success on the terrestrial landscape is linked to the evolution of all of the following except…

Answer 11

Gas-filled air spaces

Question 12

Most adult tracheophyte plants represent the ___ generation.

Answer 12

Sporophyte

Question 13

Plants as well as brown, green, and red algae show a basic life cycle which involves the alteration of generations between a ____ and a ____.

Answer 13

Sporophyte and gametophyte

Question 14

The gametophyte is green and nutritionally independent in…

Answer 14

Mosses, liverworts, and ferns

Question 15

To reproduce sexually, Bryophytes require what?

Answer 15

Free water external to the plant

Question 16

Hornworts differ from mosses and liverworts in containing..

Answer 16

Photosynthetic sporophytes

Question 17

Seeds occur only in…

Answer 17

Heterosporous, tracheophyte plants

Question 18

In tracheophyte plants, water and dissolved minerals are conducted away from roots by what?

Answer 18

Xylem tubes

Question 19

The most abundant group of seedless tracheophyte plants are the ___.

Answer 19

Ferns

Question 20

Which of the following is not true about ferns?

Answer 20

Their sporophytes are much smaller than the gametophytes

Question 21

In only one of the five phyla of seed plants, at the time of pollination, the ovules are completely enclosed by the sporophytic tissues. These plans are ___.

Answer 21

Angiosperms

Question 22

Which of the following is not a gymnosperm?

Answer 22

Anthophytes

Question 23

Which of the following gymnosperms is used for production of lumber, resin, turpentine, etc?

Answer 23

Conifers

Question 24

Which of the following is not one of the whorls of a complete flower?

Answer 24

Embryo containing zygotes

Question 25

Flowers do not contain a ___ ___.

Answer 25

Flagellated sperm

Question 26

The male gametes, pollen grains of the flower, are formed in the ___.

Answer 26

Microspores

Question 27

The fruit of angiosperms is ultimately made from the ___.

Answer 27

Gynoecium

Question 28

Endosperm, the nutritive tissue of the fruit, is the product of what?

Answer 28

Sperm and polar nuclei union

Question 29

Which of the following lists in correct order the relative size of gametophytes from largest to smallest?

Answer 29

Mosses, ferns, angiosperms

Question 30

Specialized symbiotic association between the roots of plants and fungi are called ___.

Answer 30

Mycorrhizae

Question 31

A mass of hyphae is an ascomycete is commonly referred to as a ___.

Answer 31

Mycelium

Question 32

The cell walls of fungi are made up of polysaccharides and ___.

Answer 32

Chitin

Question 33

A symbiotic association between a fungus and a green alga or a cyanobacterium is called a ___.

Answer 33

Lichen

Question 34

The first antibiotic that was used on a wide scale was derived from a fungus. It's name is ___.

Answer 34

Penicillin

Question 35

Mycorrhizae, specialized symbiotic addition between the roots of plants and fungi, are characteristic of about __% of all plants.

Answer 35

90% of all plants

Question 36

All of the following are reproductive structures found in some fungi except ___.

Answer 36

Mycorrhiza

Question 37

The fungi that cause serious plant disease, such as Duch elm disease and chestnut blight, belong to the phylum ___.

Answer 37

Ascomycota

Question 38

Asexual reproduction in ascomycetes takes place by means of ___.

Answer 38

Conidia

Question 39

The most economically useful unicellular fungi are ___.

Answer 39

Yeasts

Question 40

The fruiting structures formed by secondary mycelia of basidiomycetes are known as ___.

Answer 40

Mushrooms

Question 41

The rusts and smuts that serious affect crop plants are ___.

Answer 41

Basidiomycetes

Question 42

Lichens are adversely affected by ___.

Answer 42

Pollination

Question 43

Which of the following fungi usually form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in which the outer cells of the plant roots are penetrated by the fungal hyphae?

Answer 43

Glomeromycetes

Question 44

Ectomycorrhizae, associations in which the fungal bypass surround but do not penetrate the cell walls of the plant roots, usually involve ___.

Answer 44

Basidiomycetes

Question 45

Lichens are mutualisms between ___ and ___.

Answer 45

Fungi and an alga

Question 46

Which of the phyla of fungi is incorrectly matched with its example?

Answer 46

Ascomycota - mushrooms

Question 47

Ruminant animals have symbiotic fungi which...

Answer 47

Digest cellulose and lignin

Question 48

A scientist discovers a fungus living within a healthy plant. The fungus produces a substance toxic to herbivores. The fungus is considered a ___ ___.

Answer 48

Mutualistic endophyte

Question 49

Which of the following features is not a characteristic of the fungal kingdom?

Answer 49

Most fungi show an alternation of generations

Question 50

One major difference between ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mycorrhizae is...

Answer 50

Ectomycorrhizae do not penetrate plant roots; arbuscular mycorrhizae penetrate plant roots