Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Modifying Health Behavior Test 2 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

(48 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

Personal factors, behavior, environmental influences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social Network Theory

A

Ego-Centered Sociogram: focus individual is called “ego”, a person in the network is called “alters”

Non-ego-centered sociogram: many people can be in the center “actors and links”

This theory focuses on the relationship between and among individuals and behavior such as family, work, peer, religious, etc.

It is used for limited or defined groups and analyzes supportive roles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Diffusion of Innovation Model

A 
Innovators 2.5%
Early Adopters 13.5% 
Early Majority 34%
Late Majority 34% 
Laggards 16%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Socioecological Model

A

Individual-Interpersonal-Community-Cultural/Societal- Political/Economic/Structural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Theory of Triadic Influence

A

Brian Flay
(3) Intrapersonal Influences-Interpersonal Influences-Cultural/Environmental Influences

Self-Efficacy/Behavioral Control-Social Normative Beliefs-Attitudes toward behavior
Intentions
Behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chaos Theory (butterfly effect)

A

The field of study in mathematics that studies the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions- a response popularly referred to ask the butterfly effect.

  • weather, warfare, health epidemics, stock market prices, etc.
  • knowledge level, current attitudes and mood states, genetics, social support and social norms, environment, etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Individual Level Theories

A

Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, Transtheoretical Model, Extended Parallel Process Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Social/Environmental Theories

A

Diffusion of Innovations, Social Cognitive Theory, Social Network Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Multi-Level Theories

A

Socioecologic Model, Theory of Triadic Influences, Chaos Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

Ivan Pavlov designed an experiment where he rang a bell at the same time as he placed meat powder on a dog’s tongue, which caused the dog to salivate. When he tried ringing the bell without the meat powder, the dog salivated anyway.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Operant Conditioning

A

Behavior rewarded or punished to control behavior by B.F. Skinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Another name for positive reinforcement

A

Reinforcement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Another name for negative reinforcement

A

Escape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Another name for Positive Punishment

A

Contingent Stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Another name for negative punishment

A

Contingent withdrawal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Natural Reinforcers

A

Occur directly as a result of the behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Token Reinforcers

A

Points or tokens that are awarded for performing certain actions. Can be exchanged for something of value.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Social Reinforcers

A

Involve expressing approval of a behavior, such as a teacher, parent, or employer saying “great job.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tangible Reinforcers

A

Involve presenting actual, physical rewards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Schedules

Study These Flashcards
A

Rules that control the delivery of reinforcement

21
Q

Shaping

Study These Flashcards
A

Reinforcing approximations of behavior that get closer and closer to the actual behavior

22
Q

What is the relationship between the Social Learning Theory and the Social Cognitive Theory?

Study These Flashcards
A

The Social Cognitive Theory used to be called the Social Learning Theory.

23
Q

How did the Social Learning Theory become the Social Cognitive Theory?

Study These Flashcards
A

In the 1980s Albert Bandura expanded and renamed it the Social Cognitive Theory to move it away from behaviorism and toward individuals consciously operating within their environment. He wanted to include the role of cognition in performing behavior and self-efficacy so the individuals were given agency in their behavior rather than just being conditioned to it

24
Q

What year did the Social Learning Theory begin and when was it changed to Social Cognitive Theory?

Study These Flashcards
A

1960s changed in 1980s

25
Bobo Experiment 1
1961: children watched adults interact with toys, acted the same way. Connects to social Learning Theory
26
Banduras Vicarious Reinforcement Experiment
1963: when children entered the playroom, the children in the punishment conditions were less aggressive than those in the reward or control conditions. Connects to social learning because the children in the punished group learned the aggression by observational learning but did not imitate it because they expected negative consequences (vicarious reinforcement)
27
Construct of Social Cognitive Theory
- Personal (Individual) Factors - Environmental Factors - Behavior
28
Subconstructs of Social Cognitive Theory construct Personal (Individual) Factors
- Self-Efficacy - Behavioral Capability - Expectations - Expectancies - Self-Control - Emotional Coping
29
Subconstructs of Social Cognitive Theory Construct Environmental Factors
- Vicarious Learning - Situation - Reinforcement - Reciprocal Determinism
30
Vicarious Learning
Learning could occur through indirect sources such as hearing or observation, rather than direct, hands-on, instruction. Ex: child hears their parents say bad words and repeats those words.
31
Vicarious Reinforcement
Behaviors could be learned through observation of punishment or reward rather than through direct experience. Ex: a child sees their sibling get rewarded for using the toilet, so that child chooses to use the toilet in hopes of a reward.
32
Reciprocal Determinism
The interactive process where a person acts based on individual factors and social/environmental cues, received a response from their behavior, adjusts behavior, acts again, and so on.
33
Critiques of Social Cognitive Theory
- complex and too many revisions over time - too many constructs - unclear how much weight is given to each construct - relationships between constructs is unclear - conditions under which each construct occurs is not stated - hard to form hypotheses - seems like less of a theory and more of a grab bag
34
Sociogram
Mapping of relationships within a group to discover structure. Uses actors and links
35
When SHOULD social network theory be used?
With key influencers in a limited or defined group who have influence on introducing risk-reducing behaviors by modeling it to others.
36
When should social network theory NOT be used?
With a mass population intervention
37
Health Examples of how to use Social Network Theory for at risk and support groups
At Risk: needle sharing, indenting groups at risk for HIV/AIDS, this network makes health worse Support: smoking cessation, support groups that meet regularly, family and friends that help, this network makes health better
38
Critiques of Social Network Theory
- labor intensive and difficult to do-identifying networks and conducting interviews is time consuming - confidentiality concerns can be a barrier - only for small groups
39
Five Stage of Diffusion of Innovations
- Innovation Development - Dissemination - Adoption - Implementation - Maintenance
40
Innovation Development
Planning, developing, and testing innovation
41
Dissemination
Knowledge of innovation transferred from developers to users through communication and distributed channels
42
Adoption
Uptake of behavior by audience, requires movement through stages: knowledge, persuasion, decision to adopt, implementation and confirmation, influenced by awareness, procedural, and principle knowledge
43
Implementation
Initial use or practice of technology, focuses on improving self-efficacy
44
Maintenance
Keeping adopters using technology
45
Types of Innovation Knowledge
- Awareness: innovation exists - Procedural: how to use - Principles knowledge: understanding how it works
46
Examples of how DOI can be used to promote health
- Harley helmets - baby incubator - health pyramid to myplate
47
Proximal vs Distal
Proximal: Immediate cause, micro-predicts behavior Distal: long-term, macro, underlying causes-determines cause, explains it
48
Streams of Influence Meaning
Contributing factors to behavior believed to operate across causal levels

Modifying Health Behavior Test 2 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions