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Test 47 Flashcards

1
Q

one week after surgery a liver tx pt develops a SKIN RASH and bloody diarrhea

A

GVHD

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2
Q

commonly occurs after allogenic bone marrow transplant and organs rich in lymphocytes (like hte liver) or the transfusion of non-radiated blood

A

GVHD

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3
Q

T lymphocytes of donor tissue are sensitized against MHC Ag of recipient

skin, liver, intestine most commonly involved

A

GVHD

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4
Q

weakness of muscles and EOM> ptosis and diplopiam

A

MG

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5
Q

majority of pts w/ MG commonly have….

A

thymoma or thymic hyperplasia

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6
Q

associated w/ 3rd pharyngeal pouch

A

thymus and inferior PTH glands

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7
Q

Lamotrigine

A

blocks VG Na channels

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8
Q

SE of Lamotrigine

A

SJS
toxic epidermal necrolysis

flu like sxs followed by widespread mucocutaneous epidermal necrosis

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9
Q

SNS innervation of adrenal and sweat glands

A

cholingergic fibers

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10
Q

SNS innervation to viscera/target organs

A

noradrenergic (NE)

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11
Q

what makes eukaryotic DNA synthesis quick and effective despite the large genome compared to prokaryotic

A

multiple origins of replicaiton

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12
Q

incrased activity of what enzyme is most liekly to promote recurrrent adenoma devleopment?

A

cox 2

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13
Q

lowers incidence of adenomas

A

aspirin

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14
Q

why do women develop gallstones during pregnancy?

A

estrongen–> increases cholesterol syntehsis by upregulating HMG-CoA–> bile to become supersaturated w/ cholesterol

progesterone–> reduces bile acid secretion and slows gallbladder emptying

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15
Q

what is responsible for increased incidence of cholelithiasis in women who are pregnant/using OCPs?

A

estrogen induced cholesterol hypersecretion

progesterone induced GB hypomotility

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16
Q

what replaces infarcted CNS tissue?

A

cystic astroglial scar

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17
Q

abnormal Rinne test in affected ear and Weber test localizes to affected ear

A

conductive hearing loss

bone conduction> air conduction

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18
Q

normal Rinne, Weber localizes to unaffected ear

A

sensorineural

air conduction > bone conduction

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19
Q

normal Rinne, Weber localizes to unaffected ear

A

sensorineural

air conduction > bone conduction

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20
Q

Rinne test

A

Compares vibrating tuning fork on mastoid bone vs. external ear

Air conducted sound is normally LOUDER nad longer heard than bone conducted sound

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21
Q

postive rinne test

A

NORMAL

sound is heard best at EAM

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22
Q

abnormal Rinne

A

pt hears vibration better at mastoid

conductive hearing loss

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23
Q

Weber test

A

vibrating tuning fork on middle of forehead

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24
Q

conductive hearling loss weber test

A

latearlization to AFFECTED ear> conduction masks the ambient nose in the room> vibraton to be better heard

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25
conductive hearing loss weber test
lateralizaiton to unaffected ear> unimpaired ear can better sense vibration
26
PSGN lab findings
elevated ASO/DNAse B Decreased C3 and total complement cryoglobulins present
27
serum anti-GBM Abs | Cresent formation
Good pasture syndrome
28
anti-phospholipid Abs
SLE
29
marker for mast cell activation
tryptase
30
marker for mast cell activation
tryptase
31
what causes mast cells to degranulate?
cross linkin gof membrane bound IgE Abs to specific Ag> IgE-Fc receptor AGGREGATON on cell surace
32
pol gene mutations
resistance to HIV RT inhibitors and HIV protease inhibitors
33
Env gene mutations
escape from host neutralizing Abs
34
mechanism most responsible for antiseptic properties of isopropanol?
disruption of cell membranes
35
chlorhexidine
disrupt cell membanres | coagulation of cytoplasm
36
hydrogen peroxide
produces free radicals that oxidize cell components
37
iodine
halogenation of proteins and nucleic acids
38
agent of choice for hyptertensive emergency
nitroprusside
39
major SE of nitroprusside
metabolized to cynaide> cyanide toxicity
40
used to tx cyangide toxicity
Sodium thioSULFATE donates sulfur to liver rhodanase to enhance conversion of cyanide to thiocyanate
41
used to tx cyangide toxicity
Sodium thioSULFATE donates sulfur to liver rhodanase to enhance conversion of cyaide to thiocyanate
42
affect of cholinergic agonists on endothelial cells
``` bind to muscarinic receptors> release of NO> increased GC> decreased Ca concentration> vasodilation ```
43
nursemaids elbow
suddent tarction on outstretched pronated arm> torn ANNULAR LIGAMENT
44
gag gene
p24 | p7
45
env gene
gp120 | gp41
46
tat/rev
required for viral replication
47
Calcium channel blocker used in HTN that can lead to flushing and peripheral edema
Amlodipine
48
Doxazosin Prazosin Terazosin
alpha 1 blockers HYPOtension when first start treatment
49
Propranolol
nonselective B blocker exacerabte bronchial asthma peripheral vascular disease bradycardia
50
drug can mask hypoglycemic sxs of diabetics
propranolol/nonselective beta blockers
51
drug can mask hypoglycemic sxs of diabetics
propranolol/nonselective beta blockers
52
Ramipril
ACE-I cough hyperkalemia angioedema
53
HCTZ
first line med for HTN diuretic
54
Eplerenone
Aldosterone antag gynecomastia
55
Verapimil
constipation | gingival hyperplasia
56
Renal failure pulmonary sxs upper RT sxs crescents on light microscopy
ANCA assoc RPGN abscence of Ig and C3 deposits
57
RPGN w/ NO Ig/C3 deposits on basement membrane
Type 3 RPGN- ANCA (anti-neutrophil Abs)
58
pruritis w/ high alk phos levels and high anti-mitochondrial ABs
Primary biliary cirrhosis (autoimmune destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts and cholestasis)
59
PBC relationship to Gravt v. host disease
grnaulomatous bile duct destruction | heavy lymphocyte predominant portal infiltrate
60
PBC relationship to Gravt v. host disease
grnaulomatous bile duct destruction | heavy lymphocyte predominant portal infiltrate
61
pulmonary infarcts
almost always HEMORRHAGIC d/t dual blood supply to lung
62
IV drug abuse pt dying of sepsis
endocarditis of RIGHT heart S. Aureus> septic embolization from TV to distal pulmonary artery

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