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2nd Chapman_Hamilton A&P > test cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Flashcards in test cardiovascular system Deck (37)
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1
Q
  1. what is the main difference between your ventricles and your atria?
A

Your atria bring blood into the heart; your ventricles pump it out. notes

2
Q
  1. place the following events in sequence: A) the left atrium fills with blood; B) the valve between the atria and ventricles close; C) Blood is pushed out from the right ventricle
A

B,C,A. notes

3
Q
  1. how long does it take for your heart to pump blood through your entire body?
A

about a minute. notes

4
Q
  1. what happens to blood, which has already circulated through the body, when it moves into the heart?
A

the blood travels to the lungs for more oxygen. notes

5
Q
  1. what type of tissue in the heart pumps blood throughout the body?
A

muscle tissue. notes

6
Q
  1. what would happen if your circulatory system did not deliver oxygen to your body cells?
A

Your body cells would die. notes

7
Q
  1. what is the main function of platelets?
A

helping your blood clot. notes

8
Q
  1. the function of the atria is to
A

receive blood that comes into the heart. notes

9
Q
  1. blood vessels that carry blood directly to the capillaries beds are called
A

arterioles. notes

10
Q
  1. in which vessels are materials exchanged between the blood and the body cells?
A

capillaries. notes

11
Q
  1. what is the blood type of a person whose plasma contains no clumping proteins?
A

type AB. notes

12
Q
  1. when the left ventricles contract, blood is pumped
A

out of the aorta.notes

13
Q
  1. which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen-poor blood is pumped
A

right ventricle. notes

14
Q
  1. how are the antigens different from antibodies?
A

antigens provoke immune responses; antibodies fight off invading substances. notes. discovery stations

15
Q
  1. which of the following is a true statement?
A

people with type AB blood can receive blood from any blood group. notes

16
Q
  1. a person with type A blood can receive blood from which group or groups?
A

Type A and type O. discovery stations

17
Q
  1. what happens when two incompatible blood cells mix?
A

a reaction destroys the foreign red blood cells. discovery stations

18
Q
  1. if you wanted to feel pressure waves in your body, where would you touch?
A

anywhere where you’d take your pulse, like your neck. discovery stations

19
Q
  1. when is the blood pressure the highest?
A

when blood is pumped out of the heart. discovery stations

20
Q

56.during the diastole, the heart is in a(n)____ state

A

relaxed. notes

21
Q
  1. which of the following statements about mature red blood cells is not true?
A

divide to make new cells when old ones need to be replaced. notes

22
Q
  1. if your blood type is -O that means
A

you have no agglutinogens on your red blood cells. discovery stations

23
Q
  1. explain how the unique shape of erythrocytes enables them to best carry out there function
A

they are flattened and biconcave(donut like) shape gives them more surface area to maximize gas exchange- which is critical because they contain hemoglobin which transports oxygen. notes

24
Q
  1. needed substances are carried to the body cells by
A

blood. notes

25
Q
  1. what is the function of the group of cells in the heart called the pacemaker?
A

sending out signals to the AV node. discovery stations

26
Q
  1. if a persons blood lacked platelets, what process could not take place?
A

clotting of blood. notes

27
Q
  1. what is the blood type of a person whose plasma contains only anti-B clumping proteins
A

Type A. notes

28
Q
  1. when the ventricles contract, blood is pumped
A

out of the heart. discovery stations

29
Q
  1. which component of blood is 90 percent water
A

plasma. discovery stations

30
Q
  1. which chamber of the heart pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs
A

right ventricle. notes

31
Q
  1. how many types of circulation does the human circulatory system contain?
A

two. discovery stations

32
Q
  1. You are a doctor and are treating a patient with liver failure due to chronic alcoholism. one of the results of this is reduced synthesis of plasma proteins like fibrin. what issue can you expect to arise because of this?
A

an Issue with coagulation of blood during blood clot. discovery stations

33
Q
  1. define hematopoiesis. then describe the roles of two other organ systems in this process
A

hematopoiesis= blood cell formation. it occurs in the red bone marrow (skeletal system) and is regulated by a hormone called EPO (Endocrine system). notes

34
Q
  1. list the three types of circuits that blood flows through in the heart and briefly describe the role of each
A

pulmonary circulation- oxygen poor blood is pumped through the right side of the heart and too the lungs to be oxygenated
systemic circulation- pumps oxygen rich blood through the left side of the heart and out to the rest of the body
coronary circulation- supplies the heart with its own oxygen rich blood to keep it nourishes. notes

35
Q
  1. explain the function of the myocardium and why it is necessary for it to be thicker in one of the ventricles than the other. in your answer, be sure to clearly state which ventricle it is thicker in
A

the myocardium is the layer of the heart wall that contracts. it is thicker in the left ventricle than the right because the left ventricle is pumping blood out to the entire body (in the systemic circuit) which requires more force than just pumping to the lungs in the pulmonary circuit like the right ventricle. notes

36
Q
  1. describe the pathway that blood will travel through each part of the heart and end with where oxygen-rich blood leaves the heart to head out to tissues in the body
A

oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the superior vena cavas. it goes through the right atrium and then the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. it passes through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk and out to the lungs to be oxygenated. it returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins and enters the left atrium. it goes through the mitral valve into the left ventricle and then is pumped through the aortic valve and out the aorta to the rest of the body. discovery stations

37
Q
  1. describe three factors that cause resistance to the flow of blood through the vessels. explain which has he greatest impact and why
A

bloods viscosity (thicker the blood, the greater the resistance), the length of a blood vessel (longer makes more resistance), and the diameter (smaller makes more resistance) of a blood vessel . the diameter of a blood vessel has the greatest impact because the viscosity of blood and the length of a blood vessel remains relatively constant. where areas the diameter of a blood vessel can change if the vessel contracts or is blocked in someway (like a build up of cholesterol). discovery stations