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Music 140 Part 3 > The Beatles > Flashcards

The Beatles Flashcards

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1
Q

What events caused optimism in the early 1960s

A

Election of Kennedy, MLK & Civil Rights

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2
Q

Why was Kennedy a source of optimism

A

Catholic (different), sympathetic to civil rights, message of selflessness (Ask not what your country can do for you…)

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3
Q

What nickname was Kennedy’s presidency given

A

“Camelot”

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4
Q

What is “The New Frontier”

A

A sense of optimism and ambitiousness from new ideas and attitudes (JFK, MLK)

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5
Q

When was the March on Washington?

A

August 1963

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6
Q

What notable speech was delivered during the march on washington

A

“I have a dream” MLK (not his intended speech)

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7
Q

Where is Kennedy killed

A

Dallas, TX

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8
Q

When is Kennedy killed

A

Nov 22, 1963

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9
Q

What is post-war britain like?

A

Everything is in shambles due to WW2

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10
Q

What practice continues in Britain through the 1950s

A

rationing

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11
Q

What is the outlook for young people in Britain in the 1950s and early 60s?

A

Not great. Mass underemployment, especially for youth

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12
Q

What is DIY culture?

A

When something doesnt exist, do it yourself/ make your own. Demonstrated by British Teens forming makeshift bands with strange combinations of instruments

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13
Q

How does American Music reach Britain in the Post-War era

A

By ship. Sailors would trade american records to british teens to make some money on the side

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14
Q

What cities are hotbeds for american music influence in the UK?

A

Port Cities (Liverpool especially)

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15
Q

What types of music are popular with British Teens?

A

R&B, Rock n Roll

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16
Q

What British music style evolves out of American R&B and Rock n Roll influences

A

Skiffle

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17
Q

What is the original name of the Beatles

A

The Quarrymen

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18
Q

Who originally leads the Beatles when formed?

A

John Lennon

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19
Q

What city are The Beatles from?

A

Liverpool

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20
Q

Where does John Lennon meet Paul McCartney?

A

Church Picnic

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21
Q

When do Paul and John start playing and writing songs?

A

July 1957

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22
Q

What talent do neither John or Paul possess?

A

Neither can play lead guitar (a problem since Chuck Berry is a notable influence)

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23
Q

Who do The Beatles recruit to play lead?

A

George Harrison

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24
Q

Where to the Beatles start playing?

A

Clubs in Liverpool - notably the Cavern Club

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25
Who is the original drummer of the beatles?
Stuart Stuckcliffe
26
What image do the Beatles originally maintain?
Rocker image - based on US motorcycle gangs (greased hair and leather)
27
Who become's the Beatle's manager?
Brian Epstein
28
When do The Beatles get their first manager?
December 1961
29
What changes does Brian Epstein make to the image of The Beatles
Mop Top haircuts, matching suits
30
What happens when the Beatles try to get a record deal?
Everybody turns them down
31
Who writes the rejection letter stating that there is "No future for guitar in pop music"?
Dick Row - DECA
32
Why did The Beatles struggle to get a record deal?
At the end of the In Between Years, everyone was convinced Rock n Roll had just been a fad
33
What label are the Beatles Signed to?
Parlophone - a subsidiary of EMI
34
When do The Beatles sign their record deal?
June 1962
35
Which producer do The Beatles get paired with?
George Martin
36
Why is George Martin a great technical producer?
Long history of producing interesting sounds from doing comedy sound effects
37
What change does George Martin insist they make?
Tells them to fire Stuart Stuckcliffe, hire Ringo Starr
38
What is the first Beatles single?
"Love Me Do"
39
When is "Love Me Do" released?
September 1962
40
When is "Please Please Me" released?
January 1963
41
What form is Please Please Me?
AABA
42
What songwriting techniques did The Beatles employ to make Please Please Me a hit?
Varying rhythmic density between A and B section, highest tension occurring at end of B section with high note. Prolific hook which is heard 17 times in 2 minutes
43
On which program do The Beatles appear in 1963
The Royal Variety Performance
44
When do The Beatles appear on The Royal Variety Performance?
Nov 1963
45
At what point to The Beatles become the biggest band in the UK
end of 1963
46
What condition does Epstein put on The Beatles going to America?
Wants to wait until The Beatles have a hit charting in the US
47
Which hit prompts the Beatles to come to America?
"I wanna hold your hand"
48
When is "The Beatles are Coming" ad campaign launched?
Feb - 1963
49
What reference is used in the Beatles are coming ad campaign
"The British are coming" -> the new british invasion
50
On what performance do The Beatles perform when they arrive in America?
The Ed Sullivan Show
51
When do the Beatles perform on The Ed Sullivan Show
Feb 9 1964
52
How many people watch The Beatles' performance on The Ed Sullivan show?
70M (influenced many of the next generation)
53
What remarkable venue do the beatles play after the Ed Sullivan Show?
An Arena in DC
54
How long is The Beatles' tour in America?
3 weeks
55
What sales do the Beatles do during the original American Tour?
2 million albums, 2.5 million in merch.
56
What happens when The Beatles return to the UK after their first US tour?
50k teens crash the airport, shutting it down
57
What term is given to Beatle induced hysteria
Beatlemania
58
How many hit songs do the Beatles have charting by April 1964
12 songs in Top 100, including #1,2,3,4&5
59
How much income have The Beatles made by the end of their 4th US tour?
65M (1965)
60
What venue do the Beatles play in 1965?
Shea Stadium
61
What is unique about The Beatles' concert in Shea stadium
First of its kind. No large stage, no lighting, had to play through the PA system. Launches the stadium concert industry
62
What sound is templated on the early Beatles
Mersey Beat (N. English / Liverpool)
63
What are some example of Mersey Beat bands
Gerry & the Pacemakers, The Searchers, The Swinging Blue Jeans
64
What is the first Beatles Movie
"A Hard Day's Night" - 1964
65
What is the second Beatles Movie?
"Help" - 1965
66
How is Help (movie) novel?
Beatles play themeselves, spoof of Bond movie
67
What band is based off of the Beatles' appearance in Help
The Monkees
68
What song off Help stood out from the others?
"Yesterday" - July 1965
69
Who influenced the creation of "Yesterday"?
Bob Dylan. Introduced them to pot, told them "Your music is great but your lyrics dont say anything"
70
What differences in form are exhibited in "Yesterday"
Only one Beatle (Paul), more complex lyrics and harmony, string quartet (influence of George Martin
71
Which albums see the Beatles shift away from Pop?
Help (Aug 65), Rubber Soul (Dec 65), Revolver (Aug 66)
72
What was different about The Beatles' Rubber Soul cover?
It doesnt have "The Beatles" on it. Transition of Album covers from advertising to art
73
What song shows the Beatles' Eastern Influence
Tomorrow Never Knows
74
which Beatle writes Tomorrow Never Knows
John Lennon
75
How were the Beatles influenced by Eastern musical styles
Spent a lot of time in india, studying Indian classical music
76
What elements of Indian Classical music are used in "Tomorrow never knows"
No chord structure, pushes melody over harmony, more complex rhythm, uses a drone, lyrics based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead
77
What technical style is used to record the vocals for Tomorrow Never Knows
Double tracking. Singer records one take, then tries to exactly match it for a second take which are played simultaneously. Adds a richness and ethereal sound. Extremely hard to do
78
What is a leslie speaker
amplifier for a keyboard, contains a spinning speaker. Half of John's vocals are run through it in Tomorrow Never Knows
79
How do the beatles begin to view vocals through their transition to rock?
The voice is just an instrument which can be manipulated like any other instrument
80
What avant-garde techniques does tomorrow never knows utilize?
Backwards recoring and tape loops (8 tape loops of random sounds)
81
What challenges does the Band's focus on the recording studio produce?
Songs become incredibly hard to perform live
82
When does the band start to lose interest in public performance
1966
83
What tours mark the end of the beatles touring career
Japanese Tour - band can't hear themselves over the screams. Phillipenes - robbed by the government, US - hit by "We're bigger than Jesus" contreversy and protests
84
What is the last live Beatles performance
Aug 29th 1966 - Candlestick Park
85
What do the Beatles do when they stop performing live
go into the studio, focus on records
86
When is Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band released
June 1967
87
What accolade is given to Sgt Peppers
Single most influential album in history of Western Pop Music
88
What is on the Back of Sgt Peppers
All of the Lyrics
89
What is an example of a song off Sgt Peppers
A Day in the Life
90
What was unique about A day in the life?
Assembled from independently composed songs by John and Paul
91
What approach does A Day in the Life take?
Post Modern - form takes a back seat to emotion
92
What elements in A Day in the Life are Avant Garde
use of orchestra and piano
93
What is the first Concept Album
Sgt Peppers (although johnny cash may have been first, history recognizes this album)
94
What makes Sgt Peppers a Concept Album
all of the songs are linked in some way (Rock - opera type story)
95
What shift is found in Sgt Peppers
Shift to "Hippie Aesthetic"
96
what changes are made when shifting to the hippie aesthetic
``` Rock n Roll -> Rock singles -> album dancing -> listening entertainers -> "serious" musicians AM -> FM (can play stereo) ```
97
what event coincides with the release of Sgt Peppers
Death of Brian Epstein by OD
98
When do the Beatles break up
Spring 1970 - Paul McCartney leaves
99
How long does it take for the beatles to change the world?>
6.5 years

Music 140 Part 3 (9 decks)

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