The Economic Devlopments Of Russia to 1914 Flashcards
What was the annual growth rate from 1894 to 1913
8 percent
When was witte finance minister
What were some of his reforms
1892-1903
-railways trackage doubled, coal Input in southern Russia jumped from 183 million puds to 1890 to 671 million in 1900. Foreign investment went from 280 in 1895 to 2000 in 1914
When was vyshnegradsky finances Minster
In the 80s
How did the economic position improve after the Russo Japanese war
The state was buying 2/3 of all Russian production and a more injection of money was found after 1905 making up for the losses of the Russo Japanese war using the money to re-equip he army.
Between 1903-1913 the government received 25% of income from its industrial investment
What were the progress of railways from 1905- 1913
1905- state owned 66% of railways helping open up the Russian interior and allowed more extensive exploitation of Russia’s raw materials. They also linked grain growing areas to the Black Sea ports.
Causing a development in the iron and coal industries and permitted the development of new industries.
1913- Russia had the second largest railway network
Trans- Siberian railway line which crossed Russian west to east. Witte
How was Russia’s oil production
Trebled from 153 million puds to 570 million between 1885-1913
How did coals industrial production increase between 1890-1910
1890-5.9
1910-25.4
Where was Russia in terms of industrial power in 1914
Fifth worlds largest
What were the developments In agriculture
Before 1906 most farming had remained small scale
Traditional agriculture practices continued and were controlled by the mirs.
The grain output from American farms was on average 1 1/2 times that of the Russian fans, for the same amount of land, while that from the British farmland was four times as great.
Nevertheless some presents managed to improve themselves since emancipation by buying up land and farming more efficiently.
Stolypin aimed to produce more of these kulaks whom he described as the sturdy and the strong. He aimed to win their loyalty to tsardom and develop the economy by improving agriculture
What were Stolypins Aims for Russia
He wanted the peasants to become permanent owners of the land. He thought that Peasant present owner should be able to develop as he wishes without interference from the mir
His program of Agricultural reform began in 1903 when the Mirs responsibility to pay taxes on behalf of the peasants in the village was removed.
What where Stolypins reforms
September 1906-mustard and crownland is made available for peasants to buy. Government subsides to encourage migration and settlement in Siberia are increased.
October 1906-peasants are granted equal rights in their local Administration.
Novembre 1906 peasants are given the right to leave the commune.
A peasant can withdraw land from the commune.
Nu peasants land bank is established to help peasants fund their land ownership.
1 January 1907 redemption payments are officially abolished
June 1910 all communes which has not redistributed land since 1861 are dissolved
By how much did the land owned by peasants increase from 1905 to 1915
20% in 1905 to 50% in 1915
What was the increase of grain production between 1900 to 1914
56 million tons in 1900 to 90,000,000 tons in 1914.
What did stolypins encouragement to immigrate help
His encouragement took 3.5 million peasants away from over populated rural districts of the south and west to Siberia, this helped Siberia to develop into a major agricultural region.
How many it be argued that stolypin’s reforms were not entirely successful
By 1914 only around 10% of land had been transferred from communal to private ownership
50% of the land remained in the hands of the nobility.
Fewer than 1% achieved kulak status
