The Endocrine System - Pituitary And Thyroid Gland (w9) Flashcards
What are the two sections of the pituitary gland ?
- anterior
- posterior
What classification of hormones are manly secreted from the anterior pituitary gland ?
Peptide hormones
What is meant by the term tropic ?
Turning - affecting the activity of an endocrine gland
What is meant by the term trophic ?
To feed or grow - promote growth, tissue integrity
What are somatotropin ?
A growth hormone secreted by acidophilic cells of the anterior pituitary glands
What are the two effects of growth hormone function on the body ?
Direct effect - on metabolism
E.g. increase in blood glucose, increase in gluconeogenesis, increase in proteins synthesis.
Indirect effect - on growth
E.g. increase hypertrophy, increase hyperplasia, increase skeletal growth
What are 3 examples of Growth hormone diseases ?
- Dwarfism
- gigantism in children
- acromegaly in adults
What GH disease is due to hypotrophism ?
Dwarfism (stunted growth) - lack of growth hormones
What is a treatment option for dwarfism ?
The human Growth hormone (supplement)
What GH diseases can be caused by hypertrophism - excess amounts of hormone released ?
- gigantism in children
- acromegaly in adults
What is T4 in relation to thyroid hormones ?
T4 = thyroxine
- is the prohormone and is more available in the circulation
What is T3 in relation to thyroid hormones ?
T3 = active hormone (deiodinase)
What is the thyroid disease GOITRE ?
An enlarged thyroid gland
