The Great Depression & The New Deal, 1929-1939 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in The Great Depression & The New Deal, 1929-1939 Deck (19)
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1
Q

Causes of the Crash

A

1) Uneven distribution of income
2) Stock market speculation
3) Excessive use of credit
4) Overproduction of consumer goods
5) Weak farm economy
6) Government policies
7) Global economic policies

2
Q

Herbert Hoover’s Policies

A

1) Believed prosperity would return soon
2) Government assistance would destroy self-reliance
3) Tried to balance the budget
4) Americans believed in rugged individualism

3
Q

Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 1930

A

Highest in history

4
Q

New Deal Philosophy

A

1) Willing to experiment with political solutions

2) Poverty is an economic problem

5
Q

Brain Trust and Other Advisors

A

1) Group of university professors
2) Frances Perkins, first woman in cabinet
3) Harold Ickes and Harry Hopkins: advisors

6
Q

The First Hundred Days

A

Congress passed into law every request

7
Q

Bank Holiday

A

1) First action by FDR

2) President ordered the solvent banks closed

8
Q

Industrial Recovery Program

A

1) National Recovery Administration (NRA): fair wages and hours for labor (pro union)
2) Schechter v. United States: illegally regulated commerce

9
Q

Social Security Act

A

1) Federal insurance program
2) Monthly payments to retired persons over the age of 65
3) Suggested by Francis Townsend
4) Did not include national health insurance

10
Q

Huey Long

A

1) “Share Our Wealth” program

2) Annual income of $5000 paid by taxing the wealthy

11
Q

Supreme Court

A

Declaring programs as unconstitutional

12
Q

Court-Reorganization Plan

A

1) “Court-packing” bill

2) Add up to six more justices to the court

13
Q

Rise of Unions

A

1) National Industrial Recovery Act
2) Wagner Act
3) Legalizing labor unions
4) Union membership increased.

14
Q

Last Phase of the New Deal

A

1) WWII finally ended the depression

2) Expanded the federal government

15
Q

Keynesian Economics

A

Deficit spending was acceptable

16
Q

Life During the Depression for Women

A

Self importance increased

17
Q

Dust Bowl Farmers

A

1) “Okies” migrated westward to CA

2) John Steinbeck’s book “The Grapes of Wrath” (1939)

18
Q

African Americans

A

1) Scottsboro Case: incentive to move North

2) Began voting Democratic for the first time

19
Q

Mexican Americans

A

Joined labor unions