the heart

Question 1

instrument to make incisions in heart experiment

Answer 1

•scalpel

Question 2

difference between walls of the right and left ventricles in the heart

Answer 2

•walls of the left ventricle were thicker than the ones of the right

Question 3

vein carrying blood richest in oxygen

Answer 3

•pulmonary vein

Question 4

vein carrying blood between intestine and liver

Answer 4

•hepatic portal vein

Question 5

vein carrying blood lowest in metabolic wastes

Answer 5

•renal vein

Question 6

vein carrying blood into right atrium of heart

Answer 6

•vena cava

Question 7

how did you know the left from the right side of heart prior to dissection

Answer 7

•left side was thicker

Question 8

sa node function

Answer 8

•send impulse to the atria and causes it to contract

Question 9

av node function

Answer 9

•send impulse to ventricles and causes them to contract

Question 10

heart cycle

Answer 10

•heart is relaxed, blood flows into atria
•atria contract and force blood through the valves into the ventricles
•ventricles contract and push blood through the aorta and pulmonary vein

Question 11

period of heart cycle when cardiac muscle of the heart is contracting

Answer 11

•systole

Question 12

period of heart cycle when cardiac muscle of the heart is not contracting

Answer 12

•diastole

Question 13

how know ventricles are contracting in diagram

Answer 13

•ventricle volumes are reduced
•semilunar valves are open
•blood flowing into arteries

Question 14

location of sa

Answer 14

•wall of right atrium

Question 15

what circuit does the right ventricle pump blood to

Answer 15

•pulmonary circuit

Question 16

what circuit did the left ventricle pump blood to

Answer 16

•systemic circuit

Question 17

what caused the sounds of a heartbeat

Answer 17

•valves closing

Question 18

function of coronary (cardiac) artery

Answer 18

•to supply the heart muscle with blood

Question 19

effect of smoking in circulatory system

Answer 19

•increased heart rate
•increased blood pressure

Question 20

process of inhalation

Answer 20

•brain send impulse to muscles
•intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
•ribcage move up and out
•diaphragm move down
•volume of chest increase
•pressure inside chest decrease
•air moves in

Question 21

diastole

Answer 21

•relaxation
(period of heart cycle when heart isn’t contracting)

Question 22

what surface did you observe the coronary artery

Answer 22

•front

Question 23

how dissect heart to identify bicuspid valve

Answer 23

•make shallow cut with scalpel on left side on a dissecting board
•valve is between atria and ventricle

Question 24

precise location of one semilunar valve

Answer 24

•base of aorta
•base of pulmonary artery

Question 25

how did you further dissect heart to locate semilunar valve

Answer 25

•(if said at base of aorta) cut into the aorta •(if said base of pulmonary artery) cut into pulmonary artery

Question 26

notes on sounds created during the cardiac cycle

Answer 26

•sounds are ‘lub’ ‘dub’ •caused by valves closing •tricuspid and bicuspid valves close and create first sound •semilunar valves close and create second sound

Question 27

where does oxygen enter the blood

Answer 27

at the lungs

Question 28

where does co2 enter the blood

Answer 28

•at cells

Question 29

precise location of sa node

Answer 29

•right atrium

Question 30

what is measured when a persons blood pressure is taken

Answer 30

•force of the blood against the wall of the artery

Question 31

location of av node

Answer 31

•in septum between right atrium and right ventricle

Question 32

pulse

Answer 32

•the rhythmic stretching of an artery

Question 33

why pulse at wrist

Answer 33

•artery near surface

Question 34

difference between arteries and veins

Answer 34

•arteries have thicker lumen •arteries carry oxygen away from heart •veins have valves to stop backwards flow of blood •veins carry deoxygenated blood to heart

Question 35

capillaries

Answer 35

•tiny blood vessels that link arteries and veins

Question 36

closed system

Answer 36

•allows blood to be pumped to different parts of the body when necessary •also allows oxygenated blood to be kept separate from deoxygenated blood. This is more efficient

Question 37

open system

Answer 37

•doesn’t allow blood to be pumped to different parts of the body when necessary & doesn’t allow de/oxygenated blood to be kept separate

Question 38

portal system

Answer 38

•a blood pathway that begins and ends in capillaries

Question 39

disadvantage of closed system

Answer 39

•requires more energy for blood distribution, strong pump needed to push blood through valves

Question 40

advantage of open system

Answer 40

•better regulation of body temperature •requires less energy

Question 41

disadvantage of open system

Answer 41

•low metabolic rate & limited activity level