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Gross Anatomy 2 > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What tendon passes over the knee joint with the patella?

A

Quadriceps tendon

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2
Q

The tendon of biceps femoris passes over the knee to attach to which bone?

A

The fibula

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3
Q

Sartorius, gracilis, semimembranous and semitendinous all pass over what side of the knee

A

Medial

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4
Q

What type of joint is the knee joint?

A

Modified hinge joint

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5
Q

What bones are involved in the knee joint?

A

Proximal condyle of the femur, superior surface of the tibia and the patella anteriorly

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6
Q

What are the three articulations of the knee joint?

A
  • Femoropatellar

- Femerotibial x2

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7
Q

Does the fibula articulate in the knee joint?

A

No

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8
Q

What parts of the femur are involved in the knee joint?

A
  • Patellar surface

- Lateral and medial condyles

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9
Q

What is the name of the deep indentation between the lateral and medial condyles of the femur?

A

Intercondylar fossa/notch

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10
Q

What parts of the tibia are involved in the knee joint?

A
  • Lateral and medial condyles
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11
Q

What is the name of the non articular ridge that separates the condyles of the tibia?

A

Intercondyle eminence

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12
Q

What parts of the patella are involved in the knee joint?

A

It’s lateral and medial facets that attach to the femur

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13
Q

What tendon is the patella enclosed within?

A

Quadriceps tendon

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14
Q

What does the anterior knee capsule fuse with?

A
  • Quadriceps tendon
  • Patella
  • Ligamentum patellae
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15
Q

What does the posterior knee capsule enclose?

A

Follows the articular surface of the condyle of the femur and encloses the intercondylar fossa

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16
Q

Where does the synovial membrane attach to the patella and femur?

A

Around the margin of the articular surface

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17
Q

Where does the synovial membrane attach to the tibia?

A

Attaches round the medial and lateral condyles but dips into the intercondyle membrane

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18
Q

What is the name of the structure that covers the inner surface of the fat pads on either side of the patellar ligament?

A

Alar folds

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19
Q

What is the infrapatellar synovial fold?

A

A fold of synovial membrane that hands down and connects the intercondylar fossa to the intercondylar eminence on the tibia

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20
Q

What are bursae?

A

Expansions of the synovial membrane of the knee

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21
Q

What is the main function of bursae?

A

To help lubricate the movement of the tendons around the knee joint

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22
Q

What are the three extracapsular ligaments of the knee?

A
  • Oblique popliteal ligament
  • Arcuate popliteal ligament
  • Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
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23
Q

What are the intracapsular ligaments of the knee?

A

Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments

24
Q

Name the two popliteal ligaments of the knee

A
  • Oblique popliteal ligament

- Arcuate ligament

25
What is the name of the ligament that reinforces the posterior knee capsule?
Oblique popliteal ligament
26
What ligament of the knee forms an arch over popliteus that strengthens then posterolateral joint capsule?
Arcuate ligament
27
What is the main function of the medial collateral ligament?
To prevent adduction and abduction of the knee joint
28
Where does the medial collateral ligament proximally attach?
The medial epicondyle of the femur
29
Where does the medial collateral ligament attach distally?
The medial condyle and superior medial surface of the tibia
30
What ligament of the knee has a rope-like appearance and is very strong?
Lateral collateral ligament
31
What is the main function of the medial collateral ligament?
To attach the femur to the tibia
32
What is the name of the wedge shaped pieces of fibrocartilage that rest on the tibial condyles?
Menisci
33
Where does the lateral collateral ligament proximally attach?
The lateral epicondyle of the femur
34
Where does the lateral collateral ligament distally attach?
The lateral side of the head of the fibula
35
What ligament of the knee has the two split bands of the biceps femoris tendon running either side of it?
Lateral collateral ligament
36
What ligaments in the knee are usually taute at all times?
Cruciate ligaments
37
What ligaments of the knee maintain contact between femoral and tibial articular surfaces when the knee is flexed?
Cruciate ligaments
38
What ligaments of the knee are intracapsular but extrasynovial?
Cruciate ligaments
39
What structure do the cruciate ligaments attach to?
Intercondylar eminence of the tibia
40
Which cruciate ligament prevents hyperextension of the knee and limits medial rotation of the femur when the foot is planted?
Anterior cruciate ligament
41
Which cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding anteriorly on the tibia when the knee is flexed?
Posterior cruciate ligament
42
What band of the anterior cruciate ligament limits flexion of the knee?
Anteromedial band
43
Which band of the anterior cruciate ligament limits extension of the knee?
Posterolateral band
44
What are the proximal and distal attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament?
Proximal - anterior intercodylar area of the tibia | Distal - lateral condyle of the femur
45
Which fossa is the anterior cruciate ligament found in?
Intercondylar fossa
46
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the posterior cruciate ligament?
Proximal - posterior intercondylar area of the tibia | Distal - lateral side of the medial condyle of the femur
47
What are the menisci closely associated with?
Medial and lateral condyles of the tibia
48
What is the role of the menisci?
To help with shock absorption in the knee
49
What shape is the medial meniscus?
C shaped
50
What shape is the lateral meniscus?
Circular
51
Which menisci is firmly attached to the tibial collateral ligament?
Medial meniscus
52
Which menisci is not tightly attached to the tibial condyle so is freely moveable?
Lateral meniscus
53
What is the name of the important anastomosis that surrounds the knee?
Periarticular genicular anastomosis
54
What is the main function of the periarticular genicular anastomosis?
To provide an alternative route for blood to pass from the thigh to the leg when the knee is flexed
55
Which of the 5 genicular branches of the knee doesn't contribute to the periarticular genicular anastomosis, and what does it do instead?
The middle genicular branch doesn't supply the anastomosis but instead supplies the cruciate ligaments in the knee joint

Gross Anatomy 2 (13 decks)

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