The Leg & Ankle Region I Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in The Leg & Ankle Region I Deck (22)
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1
Q

fascial compartments of the leg:

deep fascia of the leg (___ fascia) is continuous above w/ the deep fascia of the ___ (___)

below the tibial condyles, it’s strongly attached to the (anterior/posterior) & (medial/lateral) borders of the ___

A

crural fibers
thigh (fascia lata)

anterior & medial
tibia

2
Q

fascial compartments of the leg:

___ septa, together w/ a strong ___ membrane, divide the leg into compartments (3)

like the thigh, each compartment has its own ___, ___, & ___

A

intermuscular septa
interosseous membrane

anterior
lateral
posterior

muscles
blood supply
nerve supply

3
Q

interosseous membrane:

thin, but strong membrane connecting the ___ & ___ along their interosseous borders

a (small/large) opening exists in the upper part of the membrane to permit passage of the ___ vessels into the (anterior/posterior) compartment

a (small/large) opening exists in the lower part of the membrane for passage of the ___ branch of the ___ artery into the ___ compartment

A

tibia
fibula

large
anterior tibial vessels
anterior compartment

small
perforating branch of the fibular artery
anterior compartment

4
Q

retinacula of the ankle:

in the region of the ankle joint, the ___ is thickened to form a series of retinacula, which serve to keep the ___ in position & act as modified ___

retinacula (3)

A

deep fascia
long tendons
pulleys

superior & inferior extensor retinacula
flexor retinaculum
superior & inferior fibular retinacula

5
Q

compartment syndrome:

many sites in the body have muscle groups that are separated by ___ that are relatively non-distensible

increased pressure within these closed ___ spaces causes decreased ___ & ___ deprivation

___ damages cells in muscles, nerves, blood vessels, & supporting tissue matrix

results from damage from elevated tissue ___

A

fascial sheaths

myofascial spaces
perfusion
oxygen deprivation

anoxia

pressure

6
Q

compartment syndrome:

common sites (5)

if untreated, permanent ___ damage may occur

fractures of the ___ & ___, ___ & ___ (& associated bleeding) are responsible for most cases

A
leg
forearm
foot
hand
thigh

tissue

tibia & fibula
radius & ulna

7
Q

anterior compartment of leg:

muscles (4)

A

tibialis anteroir
extensor digitorum longus
extensor hallicus longus
fibularis tertius

8
Q

anterior compartment of leg:

blood supply (1)

nerve supply(s)

group action(s)

A

anterior tibial artery

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexion

9
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
tibialis anterior:

nerve(s)

action(s)

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexes & inverts foot

10
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
extensor digitorum longus:

nerve(s)

action(s)

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexes foot
extends lateral four toes

11
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
extensor hallucis longus:

nerve(s)

action(s)

A

deep fibular nerve

extends great toe
dorsiflexes foot

12
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
fibularis tertius:

nerve(s)

action(s)

partially separated portion of ___

A

deep fibular nerve

dorsiflexes & everts foot

extensor digitorum longus

13
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
anterior tibial artery:

(smaller/larger) of the 2 terminal branches of the ___ artery

arises at the lower border of the ___ muscle

A

smaller
popliteal artery

popliteus

14
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
anterior tibial artery:

passes through an opening in the interosseus membrane to enter the (anterior/posterior) compartment of the leg & descends on the (anterior/posterior) surface of the interosseous membrane accompanied by the ___ nerve

becomes the ___ artery at the level of the ___

A

anterior
anterior
deep fibular nerve

dorsalis pedis artery
ankle

15
Q

anterior compartment of leg:
deep fibular nerve:

arises from the ___ nerve as it passes over the ___ within the substance of the ___ muscle

enters the (anterior/posterior) compartment & runs downward on the (anterior/posterior) surface of the interosseous membrane w/ the ___ artery

enters the ___ alongside the ___ artery

A

common fibular nerve
neck of the fibula
fibularis longus muscle

anterior
anterior
anterior tibial artery

foot
dorsalis pedis artery

16
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:

muscles (2)

blood supply (1)

nerve(s)

group action(s)

A

fibularis longus
fibularis brevis

branches of the fibular (peroneal) artery

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

eversion

17
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
fibularis longus:

nerve(s)

action(s)

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

everts & plantar flexes foot

18
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
fibularis brevis:

nerve(s)

action(s)

A

superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

everts & plantar flexes foot

19
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
common fibular nerve:

leaves the ___ fossa by crossing the lateral head of the ___ muscle

becomes subcutaneous as it winds around the ___ (vulnerable to damage in this region)

A

popliteal fossa
gastrocnemius muscle

neck of the fibula

20
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
common fibular nerve:

divides into ___ & ___ branches within the (medial/lateral) compartment in the substance of the ___ muscle

___ branch enters the anterior compartment

___ branch remains int he lateral compartment

A

superficial & deep
lateral
fibularis longus

deep

superficial

21
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
superficial fibular nerve:

descends in the (medial/lateral) compartment & first lies b/n the ___ & ___ muscles, then b/n the ___ & ___ muscles

pierces the ___ fascia & becomes subcutaneous in the ___

A

lateral
fibularis longus & brevis
fibularis brevis & extensor digitorum longus

deep fascia
distal third of leg

22
Q

lateral compartment of the leg:
arteries:

there are no named arteries in the (medial/lateral) compartment of the leg except the muscular branches of the ___ artery

A

lateral

fibular

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