The Molecular Basis of Inheritance (2)

Question 1

DNA is a _____ ______ made of ______

Answer 1

Nucleic acid, nucleotides

Question 2

What bonds form between nucleotides

Answer 2

Hydrogen bonds

Question 3

How many parts is DNA made of

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What are the three parts of DNA

Answer 4

Nitrogenous bases phosphate groups and a five carbon sugar

Question 5

Nitrogenous bases have a chemical like structure that allow them to

Answer 5

Absorb UV light

Question 6

What are the chemicals in nitrogenous bases that allow them to absorb UV light beneficial for

Answer 6

This allows scientists to measure the amount of DNA by measuring the amount of light it absorbs at a wavelength of 260 nm

Question 7

Purine

Answer 7

Two ring nitrogenous base

Question 8

Pyrimidine

Answer 8

One ring nitrogenous base

Question 9

What bases are purines

Answer 9

Adenine and guanine

Question 10

What bases are pyrimidines

Answer 10

Cytosine and thymine

Question 11

Where are the covalent bonds in a DNA molecule

Answer 11

The nucleotides of a strand of DNA are joined by covalent bonds between the sugar one nucleotide and the phosphate group of the next

Question 12

Chargaff’s rule

Answer 12

Adenine always bonds with thymine and guanine always bonds with cytosine

Question 13

How did Chargaff create his rule

Answer 13

He discovered his rule because of the percentages of adenine and thymine and guanine and cytosine are always almost identical in any sample of DNA

Question 14

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 14

Used x-ray diffraction to study the structure of the DNA moleculef

Question 15

What was Rosalind Franklins job

Answer 15

X-ray crystallographer 

Question 16

Who did Franklin work under

Answer 16

Wilkins

Question 17

How did Franklin get a picture of DNA

Answer 17

She purified a large amount of DNA strand of the DNA fiber is in a thin glass tube until they were parallel and shot powerful concentrated x-ray PMs and recorded the scattered patterns of the extras on a film

Question 18

What does x-ray diffraction pattern reveal

Answer 18

It revealed a helix structure of two strands with nitrogenous bases in the center

Question 19

Helix

Answer 19

Extended Spiral chain of units in a protein nucleic acid and other macromolecules

Question 20

James Watson and Francis crick

Answer 20

Made 3-D models of DNA with cardboard and wire by using Franklins x-ray pattern they made a double helix in which two strands of nucleotide sequences were wound around each other

Question 21

Watson and crick published their work in the paper true or false

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What was the name of Watsons book

Answer 22

The double helix

Question 23

The double helix model explains ______ rule and how the two strands of DNA are held together

Answer 23

Chargaff’s rule

Question 24

Antiparallel

Answer 24

Two strands of DNA run in opposite directions

Question 25

Nitrogenous bases are hold together by

Answer 25

Hydrogen bonds

Question 26

Why are the hydrogen bonds between Nitrogenous bases very important

Answer 26

Because the bond is weak which allows for the DNA to break which is very important for one of its functions

Question 27

Base pairing

Answer 27

Nearly perfect fit between A and T and G and C

Question 28

The sides of DNA are made of

Answer 28

Alternating deoxyribose and phosphate

Question 29

Anti-parallel structure

Answer 29

One strand runs from five prime to three prime in the other runs from three prime to five prime

Question 30

Meselson-Stahl Experiment

Question 31

how many hydrogens bonds are between A and T

Answer 31

2

Question 32

how many hydrogen bonds between G and C

Answer 32

3

Question 33

meselson - Stahl experiment

Answer 33

put bacteria in nitrogen 15 and then 14 and then centrifuged it once to see if they were the same mass (semi + dispersive stayed) and then centrifuged it again for longer to see if the mass would change and semiconservative worked