what is the neck?
junction between head & thorax
superior limit: mandible/base of skull
inferior limit:thoracic inlet
what divides the neck into anterior and posterior portions?
sternocleidomastoid
what are the attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?
proximal: mastoid process
distal: sternum & clavicle
what are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?
sternocleidomastoid
midline
lower border of mandible
what are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
sternocleidomastoid
trapezius
middle 3rd of clavicle
what muscles are in the anterior triangle?
mylohyoid anterior belly of digastric infrahyoid muscles -sternohyoid -sternothyroid -thyrohyoid -omohyoid
what are the skeletal elements in the anterior triangle?
thyroid cartilage -largest of laryngeal cricoid cartilage -below thyroid cartilage hyoid bone trachea
what glands are in the anterior triangle?
thyroid gland
parathyroid glands
submandibular glands
describe the thyroid gland
endocrine
enclosed by pre-tracheal
fascia
supplied by superior and inferior thyroid arteries
describe the parathyroid glands
superior & inferior sets
5% have >4
superior more constant position
what nerves innervate the anterior triangle?
vagus phrenic: -C3-5 -supplies diaphragm hypoglossal
what vessels supply the anterior triangle?
common carotid
jugular veins
what nerves supply the posterior triangle?
accessory nerve: -purely motor -supplies sternocleidomastoid & trapezius parts of brachial plexus cutaneous cervical nerves
describe lymph nodes in the posterior triangle
small oval/bean shaped filter lymph offer defence against spread of infection returned to larger veins many sites