The Reproductive System Flashcards by Miss J

Define the Function: Female Reproductive System

Manufacture female gametes
Nurture developing fetus
Give birth to baby
Secretion of sex hormones

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Define the Function: Reproduction System

Development of gametes
To concieve and develop new organism
Production of sex hormones (that control secondary sex characteristics)

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Name the 10 parts of the male reproductive system

Testes
Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Scrotum
Vas Deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra
Penis
Foreskin

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Male Reproductive System

What is the site of sperm production

Testes

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Male Reproductive System

The testes contain coiled tubules where sperm are produced, what is it

Seminiferous tubules

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Male Reproductive System

The Epididymis is the storage site for…

immature sperm

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Male Reproductive System

Define: Vas Deferens

is the tube that transports sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

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Male Reproductive System

Define the role: Urethra

transports sperm and urine to the exterior

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Male Reproductive System

Define the role: Ejaculatory duct

connects the Vas Deferens with the seminal vesicle

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Male Reproductive System

What are the 3 Male accessory glands

Seminal Glands
Prostate Gland
Bulbo-urethral gland

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Male Reproductive System

Explain: Seminal gland

contains substances involved in enhancing sperm motility and fertilising ability
forms 70% of semen

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Male Reproductive System

Explain: Prostate gland

fluid plays a role in activating sperm

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Male Reproductive System

Explain: Bulbo-urethral gland

serves to lubricate penis prior to ejaculation

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What does the sperm head contain

Nucleus

- Acrosome (enzyme to help sperm penetrate egg)

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Male Reproductive System

Explain: Mid-piece of a sperm

contains tightly packed mitochondria to provide a source of energy for motility

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Male Reproductive System

Define: Flagellum

is the sperm tail that propels sperms through the female reproductive tract

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Male Reproductive System

Explain the duct system sequence sperm travels in order to exit the body

Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Ductus deferens (Vans deferens)
Ejaculatory duct
Prostate urethra
Spongy urethra
external urethral orifice

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What is the male sex hormone

Testosterone

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Define the Function: Male Reproductive System

Development of gametes
Delivery of sperm to female reproductive tract
Secretion of sex hormones

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What are the parts of the Female Reproductive System

Ovaries
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix
Vagina

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Define: Oocyte

egg

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What lines the Uterus

Endometrium

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List the Hormones of the female reproductive system

Oestrogen

Progesterone

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Define the function: Oestrogen

Study These Flashcards

promotes growth and maturation of uterine tubes, uterus and vagina
promotes oocyte development
development of secondary sex characteristics

Define the function: Progesterone

- prepares endometrium for potential implantation | - primarily used in pregnancy

Progesterone is released by the

Corpus Luteum

Oestrogen is released by the

Ovary

Which hormones stimulates ovulation

LH- Luteinising hormone

On what day does Ovulation occur

On day 14 of menstrual cycle

What is the follicle process an oocyte goes through before being ejected from the Ovary

1. Primary follicle 2. Secondary follicle 3. Vesicular follicle 4. Oocyte ovulated 5. Corpus luteum

What are the 3 Phases of a menstrual cycle

1. Menstrual phase (day 1-5) 2. Proliferation phase (day 6-14) Ovulation (day 14) 3. Secretory phase (day 15-28)

Define: Zygote

newly fertilised egg

A zygote develops into a ball of cells called...

Morula

Female Reproductive System Define: Blastocyte

is the developmental stage (of morula) able to implant into the endometrium of the uterus

Prolactin is released by..

Anterior Pituitary Gland

What is the importance of the seminal vesicle fluid within semen?

Plays a role in motility, mobility and keeps sperm nourished

What is the role of the prostate gland fluid within semen?

Sperm activation- allows sperm to fertilise

Sperm Structure Explain: Acrosome

Contains enzymes that enable the sperm to penetrate and enter the egg (in the head)

Sperm Structure Explain: Flagellum (tail)

Provides motility for the sperm through the female reproductive tract

Sperm Structure Explain: Mid-piece

Contains an abundance of mitochondria to provide an energy source for the sperm

Sperm Structure Explain: Nucleus

Contains the genetic information of the male individual

How many external openings do the male and female urogenital system have

Males- 1 | Females- 2

Female Reproductive System What are the 2 cycles

Ovarian cycle | Menstrual cycle

What are the main hormones involved in the Ovarian and Menstrual cycles

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinising Hormone (LH), Oestrogen Progesterone.

What is the role of FSH during the ovarian cycle?

It targets the ovary and causes it to release an oocyte

What is the role of oestrogen on the endometrium during days 6-13?

The endometrium is being developed

What ovarian structure is responsible for the release of progesterone?

Corpus leutium

What is the role of progesterone on the endometrium

Causes the endometrium to become vascularised

What happens to the corpus luteum and progesterone levels if pregnancy occurs?

It keeps releasing progesterone for 3 months

Outline the homeostatic pathway that occurs for the production and release of breast milk

Oestrogen and Progesterone- Trigger hypothalamus to release PRF- on the Ant Pituitary which releases Prolactin which affects the mammary glands After birth- the sucking motion of the baby triggers the Ant. Pituitary gland which releases prolactin to stimulate the mammary glands Sucking action- triggers hypothalamus- which triggers the post. Pituitary- to release oxytocin- smooth muscle contracts- which ejects milk

A decline in Progesterone levels will result in...

Menstruation

Which gland lubricates the penis and neutralises traces of acidic urine

Bulbo-urethral gland

Which process is the female reproductive cycle occurs simultaneously

Menstruation and Decrease in progesterone levels

Which sex gland produces fluid that enhances sperm motility

Seminal vesicle

What stage of embryonic development is capable of implantation

Blastocyst

A newly fertilised egg is called..

a Zygote

Which hormone is released by the Corpus Luteum to prepare the endometrium for possible implantation

Progesterone

Which embryonic developmental stage consists of a Fluid filled hollow ball of cells

Blastocyst

The Reproductive System Flashcards

(58 cards)